A man's acute pyschosis appears to have been triggered by Brexit
A case of a man who appears to have experienced acute psychosis triggered by the UK's 2016 European Union referendum result has been described in a medical journal
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In Europe, Sites Can Only Track You If You Check the Box
The EU's highest court ruled that website operators can't present users with "pre-checked" options to agree to cookies.
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Step forward in falling research
University of Queensland research shows there is more at play than just a sinking feeling when you stumble during movement or trip in a hole in the ground.
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Mob mentality rules jackdaw flocks
Jackdaws are more likely to join a mob to drive off predators if lots of their fellow birds are up for the fight, new research shows.
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"Biggest Shark of All Time" Gets Downsized
Real megalodons weren't nearly as enormous as their silver-screen counterparts — Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
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How to weigh a whale without a scale
Drones can be used to work out the body mass of the largest animals on the planet, helping in their conservation.
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Tsunamis linked to spread of deadly fungal disease
A huge earthquake off Alaska in the 1960s caused tsunamis that scientists say washed a tropical fungus ashore.
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Echolocation in blind people reveals the brain's adaptive powers
Spatial maps in "visual" processing areas help interpret echoes
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Mob mentality rules jackdaw flocks
Jackdaws are more likely to join a mob to drive off predators if lots of their fellow birds are up for the fight, new research shows.
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Mob mentality rules jackdaw flocks
Jackdaws are more likely to join a mob to drive off predators if lots of their fellow birds are up for the fight, new research shows.
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The Lancet HIV: Tenfold increase in number of adolescents on HIV treatment in South Africa since 2010, but many still untreated
A new study of more than 700,000 one to 19-year olds being treated for HIV infection suggests a ten-fold increase in the number of adolescents aged 15 to 19 receiving HIV treatment in South Africa, according to results published in The Lancet HIV journal.
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Antidepressants linked to heightened pregnancy related diabetes risk
Taking antidepressants while expecting a baby is linked to a heightened risk of developing diabetes that is specifically related to pregnancy, known as gestational diabetes, finds research published in the online journal BMJ Open.
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Acute psychotic illness triggered by Brexit Referendum
Political events can take a serious toll on mental health, a doctor has warned in the journal BMJ Case Reports, after treating a man with a brief episode of acute psychosis, triggered by the 2016 Referendum on Brexit — the process of the UK leaving the European Union (EU).
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Lop-eared rabbits more likely to have tooth/ear problems than erect eared cousins
Lop (floppy) eared rabbits are more likely than erect ('up') eared breeds to have potentially painful ear and dental problems that may ultimately affect their ability to hear and eat properly, finds a small observational study published in Vet Record.
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The Atlantic Politics Daily: The Last Time a White House Faced Impeachment
Comments or questions? Send us an email anytime. Were you forwarded this email? Sign yourself up here. We appreciate your continued support for our journalism. Today in Politics (MARK WILSON / WIN MCNAMEE / RICK WILKING / REUTERS / TIMQUO / SHUTTERSTOCK / MARIO TAMA / GETTY / ARSH RAZIUDDIN / THE ATLANTIC) A scandal-plagued president facing impeachment. A besieged administration. An angry public.
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Lop-eared rabbits more likely to have tooth/ear problems than erect eared cousins
Lop (floppy) eared rabbits are more likely than erect ('up') eared breeds to have potentially painful ear and dental problems that may ultimately affect their ability to hear and eat properly, finds a small observational study published in Vet Record.
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Lop-eared rabbits more likely to have tooth/ear problems than erect eared cousins
Lop (floppy) eared rabbits are more likely than erect ('up') eared breeds to have potentially painful ear and dental problems that may ultimately affect their ability to hear and eat properly, finds a small observational study published in Vet Record.
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Brexit could be sending people crazy – literally
The resulting political uncertainty and racism has been linked to psychosis. Paul Biegler reports.
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Women with polycystic ovary syndrome face higher risk of breathing difficulties
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are more likely to develop poor respiratory health based on lung function tests, according to research presented at the European Respiratory Society International Congress.
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Cheap, quick test identifies pneumonia patients at risk of respiratory failure or sepsis
Spanish researchers in Valencia have identified specific fragments of genetic material that play a role in the development of respiratory failure and sepsis in pneumonia patients, according to research presented at the European Respiratory Society International Congress. The findings could enable doctors to test quickly for these biological markers when a patient is admitted to hospital with pneum
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Treatment with long term, low dose antibiotic could help people born with chronic lung condition
Taking a low dose of the antibiotic azithromycin for 6 months reduces symptoms for patients with the chronic lung condition primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), according to research presented at the European Respiratory Society International Congress. It is the first trial of its kind to demonstrate an effective therapy for PCD.
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One third of patients with severe asthma are taking harmful doses of oral steroids
A third of patients with severe asthma are taking harmful doses of oral steroids, according to a study of several thousand people in The Netherlands, presented at the European Respiratory Society International Congress.
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Bioinspired supramolecular nanosheets of zinc chlorophyll assemblies
Scientific Reports, Published online: 02 October 2019; doi:10.1038/s41598-019-50026-1
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Five Takeaways From Elon Musk's SpaceX Starship Update
The private rocket company laid out a handful of groundbreaking plans over the weekend. (Credit: SpaceX) Elon Musk gave a barrage of updates on the future of SpaceX as he stood in front of the company's new Starship and original Falcon rockets on Saturday in Boca Chica, Texas. During the presentation, Musk touched on the details in Starship's design, the possibilities for the craft, and the timeli
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Biologists Do Crazy Things to Track Animals
Trevor McIntyre faces off against a male southern elephant seal. His job was to distract aggressive males with a broomstick while his colleagues checked on other seals or glued tracking devices to their heads. (Credit: Phathutshedzo M. Radzilani) (Inside Science) — The first time Paul Krausman jumped out of a helicopter and wrestled a deer to the ground was in 1978. Another researcher had shot a
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How Much Longer Will the Hubble Space Telescope Last?
The Hubble Space Telescope appears to float above Earth in this image taken by an Atlantis crewmember in 2009. (Credit: NASA) NASA's Hubble Space Telescope (HST) was launched into orbit on the space shuttle Discovery on April 24, 1990. Thanks to its perch above most of Earth's turbulent atmosphere, the telescope's relatively modest 2.4-meter mirror has given us an unprecedented window on the unive
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Why Do So Many Plastic Bottles Wash Up On Inaccessible Island? It's Ships, Scientists Say
Shipping traffic accounts for a larger percentage of plastic trash in some parts of the oceans than scientists realized. (Credit: Stephane Bidouze) Rafts of garbage, assembled by currents that swirl trash together, clog our oceans. But how did that material wind up adrift in the first place? A new study takes a look at the refuse that washes up on a remote island in the South Atlantic and arrives
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Is red meat really that bad? Here's what you should know about the latest controversy.
The studies researchers used to evaluate the evidence around red meat consumption's effects on overall health was based on observational studies rather than specific interventions, and is deemed as low quality. (Pixabay/) Most major dietary guidelines—including those in the United Kingdom, the United States, and those published by the World Cancer Research Fund—recommend that people reduce their
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Scientists estimate Earth's total carbon store
There are 1.85 billion, billion tonnes of carbon on Earth, nearly all of it held beneath the surface.
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Nasa chief hits at China's 'aggressive' space activity
US enlists support from Japan and India for future space exploration
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The First Drone Airline, a Critical Device Vulnerability, and More News
Catch up on the most important news from today in two minutes or less.
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A Huge Iceberg Split From Antarctica. (They Just Grew Apart.)
An iceberg larger than the island of Oahu broke off from an Antarctic ice sheet last week.
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Rabbit Study May Hint at Origin of Female Orgasm in Humans
It could be a throwback to a mechanism that induces ovulation during sex, researchers propose, but not everyone thinks the results can be extrapolated to people.
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How 'water bears' survive extremes: Scientists discover that a protein in tardigrades binds and forms a protective cloud against extreme survival threats such as radiation damage. Dsup (Damage suppression protein), found only in tardigrades, when tested in human cells, can protect them from X-rays.
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UPS Now Runs the First Official Drone Airline
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'Be Ready to Fight Like Hell,' Say Internet Defenders as Court Upholds FCC Repeal of Net Neutrality
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Ireland Commits To Plant 440 Million Trees To Help Tackle Climate Change
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New wearable skin lets you touch things in VR and and be touched, too
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Scientists create 'impossible' superconductor CeH9 after bending the rules of chemistry – By managing to capture a cerium atom in a lattice of 29 hydrogen atoms, the researchers say they have bent the rules of chemistry.
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UPS wins milestone US FAA approval for drone delivery fleet; can carry cargo over 25kg and fly at night.
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First Fully Rechargeable Carbon Dioxide Battery is Seven Times More Efficient Than Lithium Ion
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Nuclear cannot help against climate crisis: "Nuclear new-build costs many times more per kilowatt hour, so it buys many times less climate solution per dollar"
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An Interstellar Comet, in Time for the Holidays
On Dec. 7, the extrasolar comet now known as 2I/Borisov will make its closest approach to the sun.
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Three hammocks for every occasion
Come on over; pull up a 'mock. (Esther Tuttle via Unsplash/) Swaying gently in a hammock sparks a joy that is hard to replicate by any other means. With your own outdoor lounge, you can get that feeling on any sunny, breezy day. Below, some of the best hammock options available—though really, any hammock is better than no hammock at all. Durable, comfortable cotton. (Amazon/) Take off your shoes
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Genomic fluke close-up
A group led by Makedonka Mitreva at Washington University in St. Louis has recently performed the largest comparative genomic analysis of fluke species to date, including Fp. Buski and Fa. Hepatica and Fa. gigantica. It has made the genomes of all three human-infecting flukes widely available for the scientific community, and provided a better understanding of their evolutionary history, diversity
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The GoPro Max camera has two lenses that go beyond 360 video
We hope you're ready to go kayaking and then watch the kayaking again later. (GoPro/) This morning, GoPro announced a new camera called Max 360. Its flat, square body has a super-wide-angle lens on either side of the device, while a small screen occupies the bottom of the camera. Like so many dual-camera devices before it, the idea is that you can capture a spherical image that includes an entire
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Lightweight, powerful vacuums that will leave your floors sparkling
Suck it up. (The Creative Exchange via Unsplash/) A vacuum cleaner that's easy to haul out and move around your house will make cleaning way more enjoyable. A top-notch vacuum will last years and cost a pretty penny, so it's worth putting in the research to make sure you're buying something that'll fit your needs. Here are three we recommend. Probably the most fun to use. (Amazon/) Dyson's vacuum
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The 'Greta effect': Can Thunberg's activism actually change policy?
Greta Thunberg is the 16-year-old Swedish climate activist who recently criticized United Nations members for failing to do more on climate change. Since her speech and the global climate strikes last week, Austria's Green Party saw a surge in support, while Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau saw a drop in support among young Canadians. Thunberg has received waves of criticism since her speec
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Indonesia's fires are bad, but new measures prevented them from becoming worse
Policies to preserve and restore waterlogged forest help mitigate blazes, scientists say
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New in Ethics & Human Research, September-October 2019
Ethical questions about efforts to 'do research differently' in response to past injustices, and more in the September – October issue.
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Top toasters for your daily bread
Get the right level of toast. (Manki Kim via Unsplash/) Nobody will be able to convince me that there is a better midnight snack than PB and J on toast, and that late-night meal (which is also great for breakfast, lunch, dinner, elevenses, afternoon tea, and supper) absolutely requires bread heated to an even, golden crisp. That means I need a great toaster. If yours is so old it takes 15 minutes
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Are we alone in the universe? Probably not.
It's the big question. And it's impossible not to ponder. (Popular Science/) Measured edge to edge, the universe as we know it stretches some 93 billion light-years across. That unfathomable expanse contains 2 trillion galaxies, each shining with millions of stars and dotted with more planets than you can imagine. Given all that real estate, it seems unlikely we're alone. Yet in all of human hist
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Terrawatch: the mysteries of the moon's largest crater
A recent Chinese mission has revealed more about the South Pole Aitken basin Most space rocks that hurtle towards Earth burn up in the atmosphere. The moon's lack of atmosphere means it does not have the same protection, and consequently its surface is peppered with craters. The oldest and largest crater – a massive 2,000km across and 13km deep – sits at the far side of the moon. Known as the Sou
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Is Our Solar System's Mysterious 'Planet 9' Really a Grapefruit-Size Black Hole?
It probably isn't a black hole, if it exists at all. But two physicists think we should check to see if it's a black hole anyway.
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Police Drone Catches Fugitive Living in Remote Cave
Cave Dweller In 2002, Song Jiang escaped from the Chinese prison camp where he was serving a sentence for trafficking women and children. After 17 years on the lam, Song is now back in custody — because the tiny cave where he'd been hiding out was spotted by a camera-equipped drone. Eye Spy On Friday, Yongshan police released a statement on the Chinese messenger app WeChat. In it, they noted that
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Humans Produce 100x More CO2 Than All Volcanoes Combined
According to a decade-long study by an international team of researchers, human CO2 emissions total 100 times more than the planet-warming effects of all volcanoes combined. The total amount emitted by volcanoes is only about 0.3 gigatons a year — a tiny fraction of the 37 gigatons humankind produced in 2018 alone. That means they're not nearly as big of a contributor to global emissions as some
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Three great VR headsets for beginners
A 10-minute escape and a reset for a tough day. (Jeshoots.com via Unsplash/) Virtual reality gear right now is like computers were in the 1970s: chunky, awkward, and limited in capabilities. But perhaps like the PC, VR will refine and redefine itself in the next couple of decades until it becomes as common as the smartphone. Want to get started? We've selected a few headsets both high-end and beg
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NASA lander captures marsquakes, other Martian sounds
NASA's InSight lander on Mars has captured the low rumble of marsquakes and a symphony of other otherworldly sounds.
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Condor chick makes 1st flight attempt from Utah cliff
In another sign that California condors are making a comeback in the wild three decades after nearing the brink of extinction, a condor chick left its nest and made its first attempt at flight in Utah's Zion National Park.
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Doctor offers unique perspective as father of a child with rare genetic disease
From a professional standpoint, Nathan Hoot, MD, Ph.D., understands the value of medical research that leads to new, groundbreaking drugs in the treatment of rare diseases. And as an emergency medicine physician, he's familiar with adjusting ventilators and managing patients' airways. But the magnitude of these matters also weigh on Hoot personally — as the father of a child with a rare genetic d
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Food insecurity in young adults raises risk for diabetes, high blood pressure, asthma
A paradox of food insecurity in wealthy countries is its association with excess weight. Now, a study led by researchers at UC San Francisco finds that young adults in the United States who are food insecure not only are slightly more likely to be obese, they are significantly more likely to suffer from disorders associated with high body mass index, as well as obstructive airway diseases like ast
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A metronome for quantum particles
Physicists have found a way to measure the elusive quantum phase of electrons. This enables a new, better view of important phenomena used in photosensors or photovoltaics.
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Earthquake in the cell
Nuclear abnormalities such as nuclear blebs and micronuclei have devastating consequences for the genetic material and are associated with cancer or ageing. Scientists now revealed that the epigenetic enzyme MOF is crucial for the morphological integrity of the mammalian nucleus. Moreover, the study characterized the epigenetic landscape of nuclear abnormalities and discovered a formerly unknown e
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Mild-to-moderate hearing loss in children leads to changes in how brain processes sound
Deafness in early childhood is known to lead to lasting changes in how sounds are processed in the brain, but new research published today shows that even mild-to-moderate levels of hearing loss in young children can lead to similar changes.
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Exploring the brain in a new way: Researcher records neurons to understand cognition
Whether we're searching for Waldo or our keys in a room of clutter, we tap into a part of the frontal region of the brain when performing visual, goal-related tasks. Some of us do it well, whereas for others it's a bit challenging. One researcher set out to investigate why, and what specifically this part of the brain, called the pre-supplementary motor area, does during searching.
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Cerebral reperfusion of reading network predicts recovery of reading ability after stroke
A team of New Jersey stroke researchers has linked recovery of reading and language competence with cerebral blood flow in the left reading network. Their findings may contribute to new approaches to identifying and treating reading deficits after stroke.
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Poll: Most older adults wary of telemedicine
People over 50 aren't quite ready to fully embrace telemedicine, virtual health visits with their doctors and other providers, a new national poll suggests. Of those surveyed, only 4% had had a video-based telehealth visit with a doctor via smartphone or computer in the past year. They had mixed reactions. Meanwhile, more than half of all those polled didn't even know if their health providers of
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Condor chick makes 1st flight attempt from Utah cliff
In another sign that California condors are making a comeback in the wild three decades after nearing the brink of extinction, a condor chick left its nest and made its first attempt at flight in Utah's Zion National Park.
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A Court Says Repealing Net Neutrality Was (Mostly) OK
But the appeals court said states can adopt and enforce their own net neutrality rules, which the FCC tried to prohibit.
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Geriatrics experts on gender equity in health care: 'When women rise, we all rise'
Putting power and potential behind gender equity in health care isn't just common sense. It's critical to the future of health, safety, and independence for us all as we age, so says the American Geriatrics Society in a new position statement. The statement outlines strategic objectives that can help us achieve a simple truth: 'When women rise, we all rise.'
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Reliable sleeping bags for your next camping trip
Sleep under the stars. (Yan Allegre via Unsplash/) When you're out adventuring, camping, or backpacking, a good night's rest can be the fine line between enjoying nature's splendors and counting the hours until you're back inside. A sleeping bag proven to keep its inhabitants warm and dry is key to a good time. It's important to note that not all sleeping bags are built to accommodate every trip
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Four electric skateboards to seriously improve your commute
You ever commute on a skateboard? (Amazon/) A man named Louie Finkle (also known as Electric Louie) first filed a patent for electric skateboards in 1999, though they weren't commercially available until around 2005. If you haven't tried it before, skating with an electronic boost is next-level, unadulterated joy. An electric skateboard allows you to go way faster without any additional effort an
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'Loose Tooth' Iceberg Calves Off East Antarctica in Surprising Spot
An iceberg the size of the Isle of Skye has broken free from Antarctica's Amery Ice Shelf.
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Room for improvement in drug dosage timing in hospitals
Study of 500K doses of 12 drugs led by Cincinnati Children's shows that hospitals provide medications according to staffing schedules rather than the ideal dosing times for their patients.
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Evolution Could Explain Why Having a Girlfriend Makes Men More Attractive
Being in a relationship might make a man more attractive to women. (Credit: Roman Seliutin/Shutterstock) Here's an option for men struggling to find female partners: Hire a professional wing woman for a night on the town. A beautiful, charismatic companion will help ease you into conversations with prospective dates. At least, that's the claim companies touting the service make. But there may be a
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Could this nanorod discovery lead to purer meds?
It may become possible to sense the handedness, or chirality, of single proteins, research suggests. That would be a boon for pharmaceutical companies that require drug purity. A molecule with the correct chirality can save a life, while the same molecule of the opposite chirality can be highly toxic. Chemists report in Science that bovine serum albumin (BSA), a standard-issue protein in nano-bio
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Cerebral reperfusion of reading network predicts recovery of reading ability after stroke
'Our findings support the utility of cerebral perfusion as a biomarker for recovery after stroke,' said Dr. Boukrina, research scientist at the Center for Stroke Rehabilitation Research at Kessler Foundation, 'and indicate that early reperfusion of the left reading network is essential to reading performance. We also found that increased perfusion of the right reading network correlated with worse
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How community-led conservation can save wildlife | Moreangels Mbizah
Conservationist and TED Fellow Moreangels Mbizah studied the famous Cecil the lion until he was shot by a trophy hunter in 2015. She wonders how things could've gone differently, asking: "What if the community that lived next to Cecil was involved in protecting him?" In a quick talk, Mbizah shares the state of conservation in her home of Zimbabwe — and why she thinks that communities living with
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Better quality 'good' cholesterol may fight atherosclerosis in diabetes
Evidence from a new study in mouse models shows that increasing the level of functional 'good' cholesterol may help reverse atherosclerosis in diabetes.
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The Importance of Forearm Strength and How to Build It
Do you have weak forearms? Is your lack of forearm strength holding you back? The Get-Fit Guy answers a listener's question and gets to the bottom of this weakness — Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
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From Brain Control to Multiverses, 'Rick and Morty' Gets Some Science Right
A new book tackles the science behind the fantastic technology and sci-fi concepts in the outrageous cartoon series "Rick and Morty."
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The Four Fundamental Forces of Nature
From walking the dog, to swimming in a river or landing on the moon, the forces and interactions we see and experience seem infinite. But they all stem from just four fundamental forces of nature, and even those might be parts of just one universal force.
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NASA Hands Elon Musk a Reality Check
This was supposed to be the year. After nearly a decade of planning, NASA astronauts would fly to space on launch systems built by a commercial company hired to do the job the space agency no longer could, not after the Space Shuttle program ended . For years, the United States had paid Russia to send its spacefarers to the International Space Station. Now the country would do it on its own again
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Geriatrics experts on gender equity in health care: 'When women rise, we all rise'
Putting power and potential behind gender equity in health care isn't just common sense. It's critical to the future of health, safety, and independence for us all as we age, so says the American Geriatrics Society (AGS) in a new position statement released today, International Day of Older Persons. The statement outlines strategic objectives that can help us achieve a simple truth: 'When women ri
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Collaboration may improve access to HIV testing, primary care
Getting better access to testing and proper primary care for individuals vulnerable to HIV could be as simple as a telephone call or email among health providers.
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If You Really Want to Improve Your Gut Health, Take a Gut Microbiome Test
The human gut microbiome is the complex ecosystem of microorganisms that live in your digestive tract, and over the past 15 years scientists have discovered that this ecosystem plays a huge role in our overall health and wellbeing. However, unlike a lot of pseudoscientific blogs would have you believe, improving gut health is not as simple as drinking kefir and eating probiotic yogurt. That's bec
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Joachim Messing, Developer of Shotgun Sequencing, Dies
In addition to his work on widely-used techniques, the researcher was known for engineering crop plants.
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China Shares Photos of Its Doomed Moon Plant
Gone Too Soon Back in January, China became the first country to grow a plant on the Moon — a single cotton seedling sprouted before dying in the harsh cold of the lunar night. But newly-released images reveal that the cotton plant fared a little bit better in its sealed-off biome than previously believed. The seedling grew two green leaves before it died, according to IEEE Spectrum , instead of
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Bacteria can change inside of us to beat antibiotics
Researchers have evidence of another method that bacteria use to resist antibiotics. (Sirirat/Shutterstock/) Widespread antibiotic use is largely to blame for the emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria, which is currently one of the biggest threats to global health. Not only does antibiotic resistance already cause an estimated 700,000 deaths a year , it's also made numerous infections, inclu
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Rare Genetic Disease: Models and Mechanisms
The Scientist is bringing together a panel of experts to share their research, and to highlight the challenges and advantages in utilizing specific model organisms.
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Cerebellar Surprises
Kamran Khodakhah, a researcher at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, describes the cerebellum's newly described role in addictive and social behaviors.
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NETs on Film
See neutrophil extracellular traps in antibacterial action.
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Monkey Music?
Hear the muted symphony that one researcher thinks might be a close approximation to how macaques perceive the performance.
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Apple iPhone 11 Pro vs. iPhone XS: Camera and Night Mode comparison – CNET
We tested the iPhone 11 Pro's trio of new rear cameras against last year's iPhone XS.
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Entries in the 2020 Sony World Photography Awards
The 2020 Sony World Photography Awards are now taking entries, and the organizers were once again kind enough to share some of their early photos with us, gathered here. This year's competition has an expanded youth-competition schedule, a new overall environment category, and two new awards: the Latin America Professional Award, and the China National Student Award. Entries in the open competiti
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Cult in Thailand Claims It Has a Portal to Talk to Aliens
Phone Home If aliens come to Earth, it won't be to destroy humans — it'll be to save us from the apocalypse. At least, that's one of the core beliefs shared by members of UFO Kaokala, a Thailand-based group highlighted in a fascinating new Vice story . Another eyebrow-raising belief espoused by the group, which has amassed thousands of online followers : that they can talk to aliens through a por
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Near-impossibly massive neutron star detected
Researchers using the Green Bank Telescope recently discovered a star dubbed J0740+6620, a neutron star that's about as massive as they get. Neutron stars are unique, leftover cores of more massive stars. They're so dense that they're almost entirely composed of neutrons, which makes for some very strange physics. In J0740+6620's case, the astronomers were quite lucky: This star exhibited two phe
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Domestic violence reduces likelihood of mothers breastfeeding in developing countries
Mothers who have suffered from domestic violence are substantially less likely to follow recommended breastfeeding practices in low to middle-income countries, a new study shows.
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Intimate partner violence is linked to suboptimal breastfeeding practices in poorer countries
Mothers exposed to intimate partner violence in low- and middle-income countries are less likely to initiate breastfeeding early and breastfeed exclusively in the first six months, according to a study published October 1 in the open-access journal PLOS Medicine by Dr Rishi Caleyachetty of the University of Warwick in the UK, and colleagues.
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Building Your Future in Indiana
This spring, Deb Fallows and I made a trip through Indiana for a series of events and meetings co-organized by New America Indianapolis and Indiana Humanities . We were in Muncie, Fort Wayne, Indianapolis, and the small northern-Indiana town of Angola. You can read some of our series of reports here from Fort Wayne , here from Muncie , and here from Angola , with links to others. While we were th
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DaBaby Has Become Rap's Reliable Resource
What happened to reliability? Kanye West admitted that "it's been a shaky-ass year" back in 2018 , and a jolty, quaking feeling of foundations faltering has continued to define popular hip-hop lately. Just this weekend, West blew off two separate release dates . This summer, Lil Nas X, a previously unfamous meme maker too young to drink, broke seemingly unbreakable chart records by donning countr
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High-fructose and high-fat diet damages liver mitochondria
High levels of fructose in the diet inhibit the liver's ability to properly metabolize fat. This effect is specific to fructose. Indeed, equally high levels of glucose in the diet actually improve the fat-burning function of the liver.
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Shape affects performance of micropillars in heat transfer
A researcher has shown for the first time that the shape of a nanostructure has an effect on its ability to retain water. This has important ramifications for heat transfer, which is important when it comes to performance in small electronics.
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Why multipartite viruses infect plants rather than animals
Being in between living and non-living, viruses are, in general, strange. Among viruses, multipartite viruses are among the most peculiar — their genome is not packed into one, but many, particles. Multipartite viruses primarily infect plants rather than animals. A recent article uses mathematical and computational models to explain this observation.
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Early warning signals heralded fatal collapse of Krakatau volcano
On 22 December 2018, a flank of the Anak Krakatau plunged into the Sunda strait between the Indonesian islands of Sumatra and Java, triggering a tsunami that killed 430 people. An international research team has now shown that the volcano produced clear warning signals before its collapse. The researchers recommend to use their study to improve monitoring of volcanoes.
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Product authentication at your fingertips
Chemists have fabricated for the first time plasmonic color-switchable films of silver nanoparticles. Until now, such color changing of nanoparticles was mainly achieved in liquids, limiting their potential for practical applications. The technology has a number of applications: product authentication, color displays, signage, sensors, and information encryption.
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Just add water: Simple step boosts polymer's ability to filter CO2 from mixed gases
Researchers have found it can significantly boost an existing polymer's ability to selectively remove carbon dioxide out of gas mixtures by first submerging the material in liquid water.
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Gene responsible for lutein esterification in bread wheat identified
Researchers have identified and confirmed the gene responsible for lutein esterification in bread wheat. The activity of this gene controls the timing of esterification in grain, which is related to storage and nutritional qualities of bread wheat and other grains.
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Just add water: Simple step boosts polymer's ability to filter CO2 from mixed gases
Researchers have found it can significantly boost an existing polymer's ability to selectively remove carbon dioxide out of gas mixtures by first submerging the material in liquid water.
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First alien gases detected from interstellar comet
Comet 2I/Borisov is releasing cyanogen—similar to comets from our own solar system
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Hurricane Lorenzo to bring 70-foot waves to Azores
A hurricane packing a punch rarely witnessed in the mid-Atlantic Ocean is bearing down on the Azores Islands, placing emergency services on red alert for waves that could reach eight stories high, winds that could flatten homes and heavy rains that could turn into torrents on steep mountains.
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NASA finds Narda's remnants bringing rain to mexico, headed to southwestern US
The remnant low pressure area that was formerly known as tropical cyclone Narda is still generating rainfall as it moves toward the southwestern U.S. The Global Precipitation Measurement mission or GPM satellite provided a look at the rainfall occurring on the eastern side of the system.
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Researchers Gene-Hacked E. Coli to Produce Psilocybin
Researchers suspect that psilocybin — the psychedelic compound that puts the "magic" in magic mushrooms — could prove useful for treating a host of mental health problems, from depression to anorexia . If that proves to be the case, though, there's no easy way to mass produce the compound. Growing enough of the mushrooms that make it naturally would require significant space and time, while the s
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Study demonstrates antibody responses within 6 weeks of initial vaccination
Early phase clinical trial demonstrates that DNA (DNA-HIV-PT123) and protein (AIDSVAX® B/E) combination vaccine regimens induced high magnitude and long-lasting binding antibody responses and that more rapid potentially protective immune responses were observed when the vaccine regimens were co-administered.
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New public-private research upends traditional carbon pricing and presents a more effective method for pricing emissions
With the United Nations recently concluding discussion of climate change and leaders returning to their countries to explore new solutions, newly-released public-private research from New York University and Columbia Business School proposes a new method for calculating carbon tax rates based on environmental, economic and social factors, including the costs the public pays for carbon usage such a
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Shape affects performance of micropillars in heat transfer
As our electronic devices get more sophisticated, they also generate more heat that must be released for maximum performance. Damena Agonafer, a mechanical engineer and materials scientist in the McKelvey School of Engineering at Washington University in St. Louis, is perfecting a way to dissipate the heat through a unique process involving tiny liquid drops on top of an array of micropillars.
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Predators and hidey-holes are good for reef fish populations
New research highlights two factors that play a critical role in supporting reef fish populations and—ultimately—creating conditions that are more favorable for the growth of both coral reefs and seagrass.
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NASA satellite shows Typhoon Mitag's large reach over East China Sea
The bulk of Typhoon Mitag's clouds and precipitation has been pushed north of its center, extending its reach over the East China Sea. Mitag was centered just off the coast of China's Zhejiang province when NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite passed overhead, but the bulk of the clouds were pushed north of center to the Korean Peninsula and southern Japan.
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The Face of the Average Science Nobel Prize Winner
We have combined the faces of more than 500 Nobel laureates to visualize the average winner of the Nobel Prizes in physiology or medicine, physics, and chemistry. Nobel-Face.jpg From left to right, the average faces for past Nobel winners in physiology or medicine, physics, and chemistry. Image credits: Generated by Yuen Yiu using the online tool Smoishele by Olaf Janssen Culture Tuesday, Octobe
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Mysterious vaping deaths: Why US officials are focusing on flavour
Nature, Published online: 01 October 2019; doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02920-x As lung injuries among e-cigarette users mount amid a youth vaping epidemic, the impact of new restrictions remains unclear.
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Protozoans and pathogens make for an infectious mix
The new observation that strains of V. cholerae can be expelled into the environment after being ingested by protozoa, and that these bacteria are then primed for colonization and infection in humans, could help explain why cholera is so persistent in aquatic environments. The disease-causing bacteria are protected in the protozoan gut and ejected into the environment in membrane-bound expelled fo
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Emerging parasitic disease mimics the symptoms of visceral leishmaniasis in people
A new study suggests that transmission of a protozoan parasite from insects may also cause leishmaniasis-like symptoms in people. The parasite, however, does not respond to treatment with standard leishmaniasis drugs.
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Glowing bacteria in anglerfish 'lamp' come from the water
New research shows that female deep-sea anglerfish's bioluminescent bacteria — which illuminate their 'headlamp' — most likely come from the water.
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How sustainable is tuna? New global catch database exposes dangerous fishing trends
Scientists have found that global tuna catches have increased over 1,000 per cent in the past six decades, fueled by a massive expansion of industrial fisheries.
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Collagen fibers encourage cell streaming through balancing act
Engineers have shown that the length of collagen fibers has a roll to play in the ability of normal cells to become invasive.
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Stem cell treatments for shoulder and elbow injuries flourish, but so far there's little evidence they work
Two critical reviews examine the current status of biologic approaches for common shoulder and elbow problems. The authors discuss areas where the current evidence base is weak or controversial and recommend where further studies are required.
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Predators and hidey-holes are good for reef fish populations
New research highlights two factors that play a critical role in supporting reef fish populations and – ultimately – creating conditions that are more favorable for the growth of both coral reefs and seagrass.
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Gel-like fluid fights wildfires before they start
An environmentally benign gel-like fluid that helps common fire retardants last longer on vegetation could greatly reduce the incidence and severity of wildfires, researchers say. The materials retain their ability to prevent fires throughout the peak fire season, even after weathering that would sweep away conventional fire retardants. By stopping fires from starting, these kinds of treatments c
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Russia Punishes Guy Who Mined Bitcoin at Top-Secret Nuclear Lab
Busted Russian engineer Denis Baykov was fined 450,000 rubles ($6,880) on Friday for using the supercomputer at the top-secret nuclear lab at which he works to mine Bitcoin. The nuclear research center in an off-limits town called Sarov, where the former Soviet Union first managed to build nuclear weapons . The facility contains some of Russia's most powerful supercomputers, according to The Mosc
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Predators and hidey-holes are good for reef fish populations
New research highlights two factors that play a critical role in supporting reef fish populations and—ultimately—creating conditions that are more favorable for the growth of both coral reefs and seagrass.
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Collagen fibers encourage cell streaming through balancing act
Collagen is the most abundant protein in mammals, making up skin, bone, tendons and other soft tissues. Its fibrous nature helps cells to move throughout the body, but until now, it wasn't clear how the length of fibers influences how cells move in groups.
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Collagen fibers encourage cell streaming through balancing act
Collagen is the most abundant protein in mammals, making up skin, bone, tendons and other soft tissues. Its fibrous nature helps cells to move throughout the body, but until now, it wasn't clear how the length of fibers influences how cells move in groups.
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Microneedle biosensor accurately detects patient's antibiotic levels in real time
Scientists have successfully used microneedle biosensors to accurately detect changes in antibiotic levels in the body, for the first time.
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Feodalismens släktträd blev vetenskaplig modell
– Samtidigt som franska revolutionärer avskaffade genealogin som princip för samhällsordningen, upptäckte franska vetenskapsmän genealogin som princip för naturens ordning. Det är svårt att säga exakt hur dessa händelser hängde ihop, men sambandet vad gäller tid och plats är häpnadsväckande, säger Petter Hellström, som skrivit en avhandling släktträdens historia. Släktträd är idag självklara meta
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Aristocratic family trees became scientific model
Before the French Revolution, family trees were reserved for the feudal upper classes, who used them to consolidate their social status. While feudalism broke down and family trees lost their old roles, the trees gained new functions as scientific models.
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Microneedle biosensor accurately detects patient's antibiotic levels in real time
Scientists have successfully used microneedle biosensors to accurately detect changes in antibiotic levels in the body, for the first time.
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The thrill and physics of flying upside down
An image from a video (at bottom) of Dennis Buehn guiding his aircraft through an aileron roll over the Nevada desert. (Rob Verger/) Flying in a silver airplane over the brown desert hills of Nevada, pilot Dennis Buehn prepared to roll us by pointing the plane's nose upwards above the horizon. I was strapped in behind him, in the only other seat in the 38-foot long plane, and felt a push backward
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NASA finds Narda's remnants bringing rain to mexico, headed to southwestern US
The remnant low pressure area that was formerly known as tropical cyclone Narda is still generating rainfall as it moves toward the southwestern US. The Global Precipitation Measurement mission or GPM satellite provided a look at the rainfall occurring on the eastern side of the system.
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The future of the mind: Exploring machine consciousness
The hard problem of consciousness, as coined by the philosopher David Chalmers, asks: Why must we be conscious? Given that the brain is an information processing engine, why does it need to feel like anything to be us? The problem of AI consciousness is equally complicated. We know humans are conscious, but when it comes to AI, the question is: Could the AIs that we humans develop be conscious be
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A new study says it's okay to eat red meat. An immediate uproar follows.
A new study in the Annals of Internal Medicine found little correlation between red meat consumption and health problems. A number of organizations immediately contested the evidence, claiming it to be based on an irrelevant system of analysis. Beef and dairy production is one of the leading drivers of climate change, forcing humans to weigh personal health against the environment. None It is per
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Zuckerberg: Don't worry, we expected policymakers to resist Libra
Mark Zuckerberg Facebook
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Elon Musk Releases Video Showing Interior of Starship Prototype
Echo! SpaceX CEO Elon Musk uploaded a video on Tuesday showing the cavernous, unfinished interior of the space company's gargantuan Starship prototype. Inside Starship cargo bay. Header tanks mounted in tip of nosecone to offset engine weight at rear. pic.twitter.com/EJSwqMCooA — Elon Musk (@elonmusk) October 1, 2019 Musk revealed the stainless steel monstrosity during a presentation at SpaceX's
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Shape affects performance of micropillars in heat transfer
A Washington University in St. Louis researcher has shown for the first time that the shape of a nanostructure has an effect on its ability to retain water. This has important ramifications for heat transfer, which is important when it comes to performance in small electronics.
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Why multipartite viruses infect plants rather than animals
Being in between living and non-living, viruses are, in general, strange. Among viruses, multipartite viruses are among the most peculiar — their genome is not packed into one, but many, particles. Multipartite viruses primarily infect plants rather than animals. A recent paper by researchers from Tokyo Institute of Technology (Tokyo Tech) uses mathematical and computational models to explain thi
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Skydio 2 Autonomous Drone Presents A Serious Challenge To DJI
DJI is a staple in the drone market, but it seems that Skydio could pose a serious threat to the company with their latest drone, the Skydio 2, the successor to the Skydio R1 that comes in …
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Life after the Joker: Harley Quinn finds a new gang in Birds of Prey trailer
Subtitle: And the Fantabulous Emancipation of One Harley Quinn.
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SpaceX Hopes to Test Launch Its 'Epic' New Steel Rocket This Fall
Elon Musk unveils the vehicle his team has been busy assembling near the Texas-Mexico border
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Can social media predict when you'll die?
Could social media data predict your death? Social media platforms like Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook collect a staggering amount of data points from us, so much data that our social media activity can pretty accurately reveal things from gym habits to the state of our mental well-being. An article from last year covered a Facebook patent related to algorithms that can predict major life chang
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Gene responsible for lutein esterification in bread wheat identified
Researchers Jacinta Watkins and Barry Pogson from the ARC Centre of Excellence for Plant Energy Biology, Australian National University, together with others at ANU and their colleagues at the University of Adelaide, University of Sydney, and University of Toronto, designed their study to understand the esterification of lutein in wheat grain.
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Study: Most-watched television shows oversimplify, stereotype issues of homelessness
As the fall television season kicks into high gear, some of our favorite shows aren't doing a good job depicting issues of homelessness and housing insecurity, according to new research from American University's Center for Media & Social Impact CMSI).
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How sustainable is tuna? New global catch database exposes dangerous fishing trends
Appearing in everything from sushi rolls to sandwiches, tuna are among the world's favourite fish. But are our current tuna fishing habits sustainable?
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NASA satellite sees a large Hurricane Lorenzo headed toward Azores
Hurricane Lorenzo was heading toward the Azores Islands when NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite provided forecasters with an image of the storm. Satellite imagery revealed the large extent of the storm.
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Gene responsible for lutein esterification in bread wheat identified
Researchers Jacinta Watkins and Barry Pogson from the ARC Centre of Excellence for Plant Energy Biology, Australian National University, together with others at ANU and their colleagues at the University of Adelaide, University of Sydney, and University of Toronto, designed their study to understand the esterification of lutein in wheat grain.
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Robot spiller jazz med danske musikere: 'Den improviserer på en helt anden måde'
En af verdens mest avancerede musikrobotter har netop givet koncert i Aarhus.
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Dissent splits authors of provocative transgenic mosquito study
Brazilian researcher objects to paper on Oxitec mosquitoes that has drawn headlines
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Molecular motors: Rotation on an eight-shaped path
Chemical engineers have developed the first molecular motor that enables an eight-shaped movement.
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Vitamin C therapy linked to better survival rates after sepsis
New research suggests that patients with sepsis and septic lung injury could have a better chance of survival and recover more quickly when treated with vitamin C infusions. On average, the vitamin C group spent three fewer days in the ICU at day 28 and a week less in the hospital overall by day 60 than the placebo group.
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Barrier to rural opioid treatment: Driving distance to methadone clinics
People who live in rural counties in five states heavily affected by the opioid epidemic must drive longer distances to obtain methadone, a treatment for opioid addiction, compared to individuals from urban counties, say researchers. Their study suggests these long drive times in rural counties could be reduced by making methadone more accessible in primary care clinics.
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New liquid crystals allowing directed transmission of electricity synthesized
Liquid and solid – most people are unaware that there can be states in between. Liquid crystals are representative of one such state. While the molecules in liquids swim around at random, neighboring molecules in liquid crystals are aligned as in regular crystal grids, but the material is still liquid.
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Beyond Einstein: Mystery surrounding photon momentum solved
According to Einstein, light consists of particles (photons) that transfer only quantized energy to the electron of the atom. If the photon's energy is sufficient, it knocks the electrons out of the atom. But what happens to the photon's momentum in this process? Physicists are now able to answer this question. To do so, they developed and constructed and new spectrometer with previously unattaina
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No evidence that power posing works
Striking a power pose before an important meeting or interview is not going to boost your confidence or make you feel more powerful, says a researcher. A psychology professor reviewed nearly 40 studies on the topic and found not a single one supports the claims that power posing works.
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For the first time, professor observes crystallized iron product, hemozoin, made in mammals
For the first time ever, a professor has observed a crystallized iron product called hemozoin being made in mammals, with widespread implications for future research and treatment of blood disorders. Findings could be used to treat sickle cell disease and malaria patients, while opening up diverse research avenues across immunology, parasitology, neuroscience, microbiology, and even urology.
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Coastal living linked with better mental health
Researchers used survey data from nearly 26,000 respondents in their analysis, which marks one of the most detailed investigations ever into the well-being effects of being beside the sea. After taking other related factors into account, the study revealed that living in large towns and cities near to England's coastline is linked with better mental health for those in the lowest earning household
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Immune therapy eliminates tumor cells in early triple negative breast cancer
Immune therapy added to chemotherapy improves pathological complete response in patients with early triple negative breast cancer, according to new results from the KEYNOTE-522 trial. Interim results from the study, which is the first phase III trial of immunotherapy in early breast cancer, also indicated an improvement in event-free survival.
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Three-in-one inhaler therapy can improve lung function and reduce asthma attacks
Patients with severe asthma which is not controlled with standard treatment — leaving them at risk of severe asthma attacks — could benefit from using a single inhaler combining three, instead of 2 therapies, according to two phase 3 randomized controlled trials with over 2,500 patients across 17 countries.
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Just add water: Simple step boosts polymer's ability to filter carbon dioxide from mixed gases
An international team of researchers has found it can significantly boost an existing polymer's ability to selectively remove carbon dioxide (CO2) out of gas mixtures by first submerging the material in liquid water.
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Can a donor voucher program broaden representation in local campaign financing?
A new study investigated the effectiveness of Seattle, WA's Democracy Voucher program in expanding participation from marginalized communities in a local election, where voters were each given four, twenty-five-dollar vouchers to assign to the local candidates of their choice. The results, lessons learned, and implications of this fascinating study are published in Election Law Journal.
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An 'earthquake' in the cell: Scientists discover how a modification of the nuclear lamina maintains nuclear shape
The genetic material of each mammalian cell is safeguarded within the cell's nucleus. In healthy organisms, the usually round-shaped nucleus gets its stability from the nuclear envelope and the nuclear lamina. The latter is a network of proteins sandwiched between the inner nuclear envelope and the DNA, and largely shapes nuclear form.
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Beyond Einstein: Physicists solve mystery surrounding photon momentum
Albert Einstein received the Nobel Prize for explaining the photoelectric effect: in its most intuitive form, a single atom is irradiated with light. According to Einstein, light consists of particles (photons) that transfer only quantised energy to the electron of the atom. If the photon's energy is sufficient, it knocks the electrons out of the atom. But what happens to the photon's momentum in
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Two thirds of academics think that training on collaboration will benefit their career
A survey of over 600 senior academics, mid-tier researchers and postgraduate students in the physical, natural and social sciences has revealed that many feel they do not have the skills needed for successful collaborative research projects. Only 20 percent of participants said that they had accessed training on collaboration through their institution or externally. At the same time, collaborative
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Researchers synthesize new liquid crystals allowing directed transmission of electricity
Liquid and solid—most people are unaware that there can be states in between. Liquid crystals are representative of one such state. While the molecules in liquids swim around at random, neighboring molecules in liquid crystals are aligned as in regular crystal grids, but the material is still liquid. Liquid crystals are thus an example of an intermediate state that is neither really solid nor real
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Intriguing discovery provides new insights into photoelectric effect
The discovery that free electrons can move asymmetrically provides a deeper understanding of one of the basic processes in physics: the photoelectric effect. It was first described by Albert Einstein and explains how high frequency light releases electrons from a material. The results have been published in Physical Review Letters.
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How sustainable is tuna? New global catch database exposes dangerous fishing trends
Appearing in everything from sushi rolls to sandwiches, tuna are among the world's favourite fish. But are our current tuna fishing habits sustainable?
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An 'earthquake' in the cell: Scientists discover how a modification of the nuclear lamina maintains nuclear shape
The genetic material of each mammalian cell is safeguarded within the cell's nucleus. In healthy organisms, the usually round-shaped nucleus gets its stability from the nuclear envelope and the nuclear lamina. The latter is a network of proteins sandwiched between the inner nuclear envelope and the DNA, and largely shapes nuclear form.
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Amazon reportedly wants to put its Go cashierless technology in Regal theaters and other stores
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Andrew Yang proposes that your digital data be considered personal property: "Data generated by each individual needs to be owned by them, with certain rights conveyed that will allow them to know how it's used and protect it."
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Embarrassment of Riches. For the sake of life on Earth, we should set an upper limit on the money any person can amass.
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Island reveals rising tide of plastic waste. An estimated 12.7 million tonnes of plastic end up in our oceans each year. Some 75% of bottles washed ashore on Inaccessible Island, in the South Atlantic, were found to be from Asia – with most made in China. "discarded by ships."
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Collapse of desert bird populations likely due to heat stress from climate change: Hotter temperatures mean birds need more water to cool off — if it's available
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One of Colorado's largest solar projects moving forward. " long-term agreement to develop a new 240-megawatt solar facility in Pueblo."
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Genetically Engineered 'Magic Mushroom' Could Treat Depression
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Two Types of Futurism – In 1900, railroad engineer John Watkins predicted what the world would look like in 2000. He got a *lot* right.
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California's public bank wouldn't be the first. Here's how it worked in North Dakota. There's a legislative fight brewing in California. Supporters are pushing a public banking law that could redefine the state's financial landscape, while detractors call it a government intrusion.
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Startup that aims to 3D-print rockets says it's fully funded for its first commercial missions
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China Reveals New Robot Underwater Vehicle, HSU-001. "The AUV, large though it is in relative terms, might be seen as unsexy compared to the other pointy toys. But it represents a sea-change in naval warfare."
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3-D printed 'ghost guns' pose new challenges for crime-scene investigators
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The dark web's latest offering: Disinformation as a service
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AI Can Read A Cardiac MRI In 4 Seconds: Do We Still Need Human Input?
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Chief Economist of Dutch bank ING says Central Banks will be creating their own digital currencies in 2-3 years.
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Circular design experts Materiom, show nature's recipe book of the future – "Take a cup of old coffee grounds, a handful of mussel shells, and a dash of green tea, and what have you got? Well, all sorts of useful stuff – alternative ceramics, planet-friendly plastics and fermented fabric. "
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How a Kids'-News Outlet Is Explaining Impeachment
The last time a president faced impeachment proceedings, I was aware of the events that precipitated them only from the snippets I overheard from news broadcasts on my parents' TV. From what I could gather, President Bill Clinton had done something bad, a lady named Monica Lewinsky was involved, and people were mad at both of them about it. I got some clarity on the matter one morning in my third
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NASA satellite shows Typhoon Mitag's large reach over East China Sea
The bulk of Typhoon Mitag's clouds and precipitation has been pushed north of its center, extending its reach over the East China Sea. Mitag was centered just off the coast of China's Zhejiang province when NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite passed overhead, but the bulk of the clouds were pushed north of center to the Korean Peninsula and southern Japan.
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Collagen fibers encourage cell streaming through balancing act
Engineers from the McKelvey School of Engineering at Washington University have shown that the length of collagen fibers has a roll to play in the ability of normal cells to become invasive.
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Stem cell treatments for shoulder and elbow injuries flourish, but so far there's little evidence they work
Two critical reviews in the Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, published by Elsevier, examine the current status of biologic approaches for common shoulder and elbow problems. The authors discuss areas where the current evidence base is weak or controversial and recommend where further studies are required.
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New public-private research upends traditional carbon pricing and presents a more effective method for pricing emissions
Newly released public-private research proposes a new method for calculating carbon tax rates based on environmental, economic and social factors, including the costs the public pays for carbon usage such as damage to agriculture, vulnerable coastal infrastructure, and risk to human health.
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Predators and hidey-holes are good for reef fish populations
New research highlights two factors that play a critical role in supporting reef fish populations and – ultimately – creating conditions that are more favorable for the growth of both coral reefs and seagrass.
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ATS/IDSA publishes clinical guideline on community acquired pneumonia
The American Thoracic Society and the Infectious Diseases Society of America have published an official clinical guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of adults with community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in the ATS's Oct. 1 American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.
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Bacteria that plague hospital patients gain a potent weapon
Nature, Published online: 01 October 2019; doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02946-1 An easily transmitted piece of DNA cranks up the virulence of Klebsiella bacteria, a major cause of infections in hospitals.
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Product authentication at your fingertips
Imagine if water vapor in your breath or surrounding your fingertips revealed invisible patterns on commercial products—smartphones, laptops, expensive liquor—that verified the products' authenticity and aided anticounterfeiting efforts.
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Horse nutrition: Prebiotics do more harm than good
Prebiotics are only able to help stabilise the intestinal flora of horses to a limited degree. Before they can reach the intestines, commercially available supplements partially break down in the animals' stomachs, which can lead to inflammation of the stomach lining. This was discovered by researchers at Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU) and the University of Veterinary Medicine Han
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Up Close and Personal: New Essays From Leslie Jamison
In her second collection, "Make It Scream, Make It Burn," the author of "The Empathy Exams" wages a journalistic battle between sentiment and detachment.
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Horse nutrition: Prebiotics do more harm than good
Prebiotics are only able to help stabilise the intestinal flora of horses to a limited degree. Before they can reach the intestines, commercially available supplements partially break down in the animals' stomachs, which can lead to inflammation of the stomach lining. This was discovered by researchers at Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU) and the University of Veterinary Medicine Han
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New method improves measurement of animal behavior using deep learning
Researchers develop deep learning toolkit for high-speed measurement of body posture in animals.
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Squid-inspired robots might have environmental, propulsion applications
Inspired by cephalopods, scientists developed an aquatic robot that mimics their form of propulsion. These high-speed, squidlike robots are made of smart materials, which make them hard to detect, while maintaining a low environmental footprint. Physicists used numerical simulations to illustrate the physical mechanisms and fluid mechanics of a squid's swimming method. By using this form of locomo
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High-performance low-cost thermoelectrics
Researchers have reported the high-performance SnS thermoelectric crystals combining the desirable features of low-cost, earth-abundant materials and environmental friendliness. For the first time, they discovered the interplay of triple electronic bands leading to the high performance of thermoelectric SnS crystals, which is promoted by Se alloying. Furthermore, Se alloying plays a second importa
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Neuroimaging reveals hidden communication between brain layers during reading
Language involves many different regions of the brain. Researchers have discovered previously hidden connections between brain layers during reading, in a neuroimaging study. The team used laminar Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (lfMRI) to investigate what happens when people read Dutch words like "zalm" (salmon) compared to pseudowords ("rorf"), revealing top-down influences on deep bra
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A brain protein that could put the brakes on Alzheimer's
Biologists blazing new approaches to studying Alzheimer's have made a major finding on combating inflammation linked to the disease. The researchers' discovery about the role of a protein called TOM-1 heralds a shift toward examining the molecular underpinnings of Alzheimer's processes.
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Full-body interaction video games enhance social skills in children with autism disorders
Communicating with others is one of the biggest difficulties for autistic children. Asking for help, initiating social interaction and sharing their emotions become skills that require learning through exercises and therapy. Interventions based on games that require the use of technology have proved to facilitate motivation and learning processes in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD).
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Horse nutrition: Prebiotics may do more harm than good
Prebiotics are only able to help stabilize the intestinal flora of horses to a limited degree. Before they can reach the intestines, commercially available supplements partially break down in the animals' stomachs, which can lead to inflammation of the stomach lining.
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Chemicals for pharmaceuticals could be made cheaper and greener by new catalysts
High value chemicals used to make pharmaceuticals could be made much cheaper and quicker thanks to a series of new catalysts.
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Epilepsy: Function of 'brake cells' disrupted
In some forms of epilepsy, the function of certain "brake cells" in the brain is presumed to be disrupted. This may be one of the reasons why the electrical malfunction is able to spread from the point of origin across large parts of the brain. A current study points in this direction.
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'Relaxed' enzymes may be at the root of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
Treatments have been hard to pinpoint for a rare neurological disease called Charcot-Marie-Tooth, in part because so many variations of the condition exist. So far, mutations on more than 90 genes have been positively linked to the disorder; a patient needs just one of those mutations for the disease to emerge. Scientists just moved a step closer to finding a possible root cause.
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Reply to Morueta-Holme et al.: Humboldt's historical data are not messy, they just need expert examination [Letters (Online Only)]
Humboldt and Bonpland's expedition is unique in the history of biological sciences, not only for the novel theoretical concepts it gave rise to, but also for the outstanding quality of the locality data recorded for thousands of plants. The inconsistencies that distort Humboldt's Tableau Physique (1) should not overshadow the…
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Declining CO2 price paths [Economic Sciences]
Pricing greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions involves making trade-offs between consumption today and unknown damages in the (distant) future. While decision making under risk and uncertainty is the forte of financial economics, important insights from pricing financial assets do not typically inform standard climate–economy models. Here, we introduce EZ-Climate, a simple recursive…
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Xanthomonas translucens commandeers the host rate-limiting step in ABA biosynthesis for disease susceptibility [Agricultural Sciences]
Plants are vulnerable to disease through pathogen manipulation of phytohormone levels, which otherwise regulate development, abiotic, and biotic responses. Here, we show that the wheat pathogen Xanthomonas translucens pv. undulosa elevates expression of the host gene encoding 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (TaNCED-5BS), which catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of the…
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A large-scale study reveals 24-h operational rhythms in hospital treatment [Applied Biological Sciences]
Hospitals operate 24 h a day, and it is assumed that important clinical decisions occur continuously around the clock. However, many aspects of hospital operation occur at specific times of day, including medical team rounding and shift changes. It is unclear whether this impacts patient care, as no studies have…
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Salicylic acid-mediated plasmodesmal closure via Remorin-dependent lipid organization [Plant Biology]
Plasmodesmata (PD) are plant-specific membrane-lined channels that create cytoplasmic and membrane continuities between adjacent cells, thereby facilitating cell–cell communication and virus movement. Plant cells have evolved diverse mechanisms to regulate PD plasticity in response to numerous environmental stimuli. In particular, during defense against plant pathogens, the defense hormone, salicy
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Cooling requirements fueled the collapse of a desert bird community from climate change [Ecology]
Climate change threatens global biodiversity by increasing extinction risk, yet few studies have uncovered a physiological basis of climate-driven species declines. Maintaining a stable body temperature is a fundamental requirement for homeothermic animals, and water is a vital resource that facilitates thermoregulation through evaporative cooling, especially in hot environments. Here,…
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Gray Matter Age Prediction as a Biomarker for Risk of Dementia [Neuroscience]
The gap between predicted brain age using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and chronological age may serve as a biomarker for early-stage neurodegeneration. However, owing to the lack of large longitudinal studies, it has been challenging to validate this link. We aimed to investigate the utility of such a gap as…
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Photopotentiation of the GABAA receptor with caged diazepam [Neuroscience]
As the inhibitory γ-aminobutyric acid–ergic (GABAergic) transmission has a pivotal role in the central nervous system (CNS) and defective forms of its synapses are associated with serious neurological disorders, numerous versions of caged GABA and, more recently, photoswitchable ligands have been developed to investigate such transmission. While the complementary nature…
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Cowpox virus encodes a protein that binds B7.1 and B7.2 and subverts T cell costimulation [Immunology and Inflammation]
Costimulation is required for optimal T cell activation, yet it is unclear whether poxviruses dedicatedly subvert costimulation during infection. Here, we report that the secreted M2 protein encoded by cowpox virus (CPXV) specifically interacts with human and murine B7.1 (CD80) and B7.2 (CD86). We also show that M2 competes with…
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Waterproof molecular monolayers stabilize 2D materials [Chemistry]
Two-dimensional van der Waals materials have rich and unique functional properties, but many are susceptible to corrosion under ambient conditions. Here we show that linear alkylamines n-CmH2m+1NH2, with m = 4 through 11, are highly effective in protecting the optoelectronic properties of these materials, such as black phosphorus (BP) and…
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Reviving rare chicken breeds using genetically engineered sterility in surrogate host birds [Agricultural Sciences]
In macrolecithal species, cryopreservation of the oocyte and zygote is not possible due to the large size and quantity of lipid deposited within the egg. For birds, this signifies that cryopreserving and regenerating a species from frozen cellular material are currently technically unfeasible. Diploid primordial germ cells (PGCs) are a…
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Overcoming insecticide resistance through computational inhibitor design [Biochemistry]
Insecticides allow control of agricultural pests and disease vectors and are vital for global food security and health. The evolution of resistance to insecticides, such as organophosphates (OPs), is a serious and growing concern. OP resistance often involves sequestration or hydrolysis of OPs by carboxylesterases. Inhibiting carboxylesterases could, therefore, restore…
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How to prep yourself for flu season
As the flu season gets started, what can you do to protect yourself and stay healthy? The CDC recommends that people aged six months or older receive influenza vaccinations by late October, at the beginning of the season before the virus starts spreading, but getting a vaccination later can still be beneficial. About 40 million people contracted the flu last year, with hundreds of thousands hospi
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Getting started with Raspberry Pi
It might not look like much, but there's a good amount of power in that little green board. (Jeremy S. Cook/) Roughly the size of a credit card, the Raspberry Pi single-board computer can be used as a media streaming device, an old-school-style gaming console, or even the "brains" of a robot. Setting one up can seem intimidating if you've never played around with one before, but it's a relatively
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Konstgjorda organismer ska jobba i flock
Giovanni Volpe, docent i fysik vid Göteborgs universitet, har fått anslag att designa att designa konstgjorda "organismerna". De ska kunna röra sig i en miljö och samtidigt analysera och navigera i den, till exempel känna av temperatur eller kemisk sammansättning. Naturen är förebild, till exempel fiskstim eller små mikroskopiska organismer som plankton och bakterier, de senare viktiga för havens
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Human Reference Genome Doesn't Capture Full Genetic Diversity
A new analysis of 1,000 Swedes uncovers a chromosome's worth of novel DNA sequences–much of them ancient–underscoring the need for a more diverse reference genome.
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Scientists improve voiceprint collection
Researchers from HSE University and Nizhny Novgorod State Linguistic University (LUNN) have developed a new method for ensuring quality in automatic voice recording. Resistant to background noise of 10dB and higher, the new algorithm can operate in real-time, making it possible to use the software to collect voice biometrics for a wide variety of purposes. The article was published in the journal
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In This Issue [This Week in PNAS]
Body representation in monkeys' brains Rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta). Image courtesy of Pixabay/RobbieRoss. A sense of ownership of one's own body is a central element of self-consciousness. The psychological and neurological mechanisms underlying this sense can be investigated through illusions, such as the rubber-hand illusion, in which a person perceives…
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Effect of alder on soil bacteria offers an alternative explanation to the role played by alder in rock weathering [Biological Sciences]
The article by Perakis and Pett-Ridge in PNAS (1) stimulated an interesting discussion (2) on the role of nitrogen-fixing alder in enhancing rock weathering and supply of rock-derived nutrients. The authors ascribe the accelerated rate of weathering to the generation of acidic conditions in the soil due to excess nitrogen…
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Reply to Krishna et al.: Resolving age-related changes in nitrogen fixation and mineral weathering by Alnus tree species [Biological Sciences]
In PNAS we report that the symbiotic nitrogen-fixing tree red alder (Alnus rubra) accesses more rock-derived nutrients than nonfixing trees (1). We further hypothesize that excess nitrogen fixation by alder, leading to high rates of nitrification and nitric acid generation in soil, could accelerate mineral weathering (1, 2). Krishna et…
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On the origin of a pathogenic HERV-W envelope protein present in multiple sclerosis lesions [Biological Sciences]
We read with great interest the recent article by Kremer et al. showing that an envelope (ENV) protein encoded by human endogenous retrovirus type W (HERV-W) is present in myeloid cells in multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions, as detected by mouse monoclonal antibody GN-mAB_03 (3B2H4) directed against HERV-W ENV (1). Furthermore,…
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Reply to Ruprecht and Mayer: Unearthing genomic fossils in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis [Biological Sciences]
This Reply refers to the Letter by Ruprecht and Mayer titled "On the origin of a pathogenic HERV-W envelope protein present in multiple sclerosis lesions" (1). In their Letter, the authors confirm the specificity of the monoclonal antibody GN-MAb_03 (3B2H4) that we used to detect the pHERV-W ENV protein in…
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Inside-out signaling through FAK-integrin axis may regulate circulating cancer cell metastatic adhesion [Biological Sciences]
In PNAS, Chang et al. (1) call attention to the function of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in mediating inside-out signaling regulating immune cell adhesion to the endothelium by elegantly studying the FAK–RAP1–RIAM–talin pathway for feedforward inside-out signaling through integrin described by Lagarrigue (2). Chang et al. solve the crystal structure…
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Understanding the industrial contribution to pollution offers opportunities to further improve air quality in the United States [Environmental Sciences]
The quality of the air in the United States has improved substantially (1). The risks, however, remain high for several populations, and there is still much to learn about the sources and impacts of air pollution. Increasing our understanding of the sources of environmental damage can help us design policies…
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Premotor cortex implements causal inference in multisensory own-body perception [Neuroscience]
How do we come to experience our body as our own? When we look at our hands, for example, we immediately sense that they are part of our body. This experience of the limbs and other body parts being one's own is referred to as the sense of "body ownership"…
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Physiological signaling in the absence of amidated peptides [Neuroscience]
Peptidergic signaling is an ancient manner of intertissue communication in multicellular organisms. Even the early eukaryote Trichoplax, with its limited 6-tissue repertoire, uses peptides to communicate between its tissues (1). Humans use peptidergic communication not only to transfer signals between tissues, but also to employ peptide signals in brain and…
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Genomic analysis of siderophore {beta}-hydroxylases reveals divergent stereocontrol and expands the condensation domain family [Chemistry]
Genome mining of biosynthetic pathways streamlines discovery of secondary metabolites but can leave ambiguities in the predicted structures, which must be rectified experimentally. Through coupling the reactivity predicted by biosynthetic gene clusters with verified structures, the origin of the β-hydroxyaspartic acid diastereomers in siderophores is reported herein. Two functional subtypes…
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Quantifying stochastic uncertainty in detection time of human-caused climate signals [Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences]
Large initial condition ensembles of a climate model simulation provide many different realizations of internal variability noise superimposed on an externally forced signal. They have been used to estimate signal emergence time at individual grid points, but are rarely employed to identify global fingerprints of human influence. Here we analyze…
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High-resolution limited-angle phase tomography of dense layered objects using deep neural networks [Engineering]
We present a machine learning-based method for tomographic reconstruction of dense layered objects, with range of projection angles limited to ±10○. Whereas previous approaches to phase tomography generally require 2 steps, first to retrieve phase projections from intensity projections and then to perform tomographic reconstruction on the retrieved phase projections,…
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A network of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate binding sites regulates gating of the Ca2+-activated Cl- channel ANO1 (TMEM16A) [Biophysics and Computational Biology]
ANO1 (TMEM16A) is a Ca2+-activated Cl− channel that regulates diverse cellular functions including fluid secretion, neuronal excitability, and smooth muscle contraction. ANO1 is activated by elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ and modulated by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2]. Here, we describe a closely concerted experimental and computational study, including electrophysiology, mutagene
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Conformational equilibrium defines the variable induction of the multidrug-binding transcriptional repressor QacR [Biophysics and Computational Biology]
QacR, a multidrug-binding transcriptional repressor in pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, modulates the transcriptional level of the multidrug transporter gene, qacA, in response to engaging a set of diverse ligands. However, the structural basis that defines the variable induction level remains unknown. Here, we reveal that the conformational equilibrium between the…
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Structural basis of molecular logic OR in a dual-sensor histidine kinase [Biophysics and Computational Biology]
Signal detection and integration by sensory proteins constitute the critical molecular events as living organisms respond to changes in a complex environment. Many sensory proteins adopt a modular architecture that integrates the perception of distinct chemical or physical signals and the generation of a biological response in the same protein…
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Global invasion history of the agricultural pest butterfly Pieris rapae revealed with genomics and citizen science [Evolution]
The small cabbage white butterfly, Pieris rapae, is a major agricultural pest of cruciferous crops and has been introduced to every continent except South America and Antarctica as a result of human activities. In an effort to reconstruct the near-global invasion history of P. rapae, we developed a citizen science…
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Microbiome composition shapes rapid genomic adaptation of Drosophila melanogaster [Evolution]
Population genomic data has revealed patterns of genetic variation associated with adaptation in many taxa. Yet understanding the adaptive process that drives such patterns is challenging; it requires disentangling the ecological agents of selection, determining the relevant timescales over which evolution occurs, and elucidating the genetic architecture of adaptation. Doing…
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Monitoring of switches in heterochromatin-induced silencing shows incomplete establishment and developmental instabilities [Genetics]
Position effect variegation (PEV) in Drosophila results from new juxtapositions of euchromatic and heterochromatic chromosomal regions, and manifests as striking bimodal patterns of gene expression. The semirandom patterns of PEV, reflecting clonal relationships between cells, have been interpreted as gene-expression states that are set in development and thereafter maintained without…
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The circadian clock of CD8 T cells modulates their early response to vaccination and the rhythmicity of related signaling pathways [Immunology and Inflammation]
Circadian variations of various aspects of the immune system have been described. However, the circadian control of T cells has been relatively unexplored. Here, we investigated the role of circadian clocks in regulating CD8 T cell response to antigen presentation by dendritic cells (DCs). The in vivo CD8 T cell…
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Genetic variation of DNA methyltransferase-3A contributes to protection against persistent MRSA bacteremia in patients [Immunology and Inflammation]
The role of the host in development of persistent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia is not well understood. A cohort of prospectively enrolled patients with persistent methicillin-resistant S. aureus bacteremia (PB) and resolving methicillin-resistant S. aureus bacteremia (RB) matched by sex, age, race, hemodialysis status, diabetes mellitus, and presence of…
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Conversion of Sox2-dependent Merkel cell carcinoma to a differentiated neuron-like phenotype by T antigen inhibition [Medical Sciences]
Viral cancers show oncogene addiction to viral oncoproteins, which are required for survival and proliferation of the dedifferentiated cancer cell. Human Merkel cell carcinomas (MCCs) that harbor a clonally integrated Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV) genome have low mutation burden and require viral T antigen expression for tumor growth. Here, we…
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Spatial organization of RNA polymerase and its relationship with transcription in Escherichia coli [Microbiology]
Recent studies have shown that RNA polymerase (RNAP) is organized into distinct clusters in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis cells. Spatially organized molecular components in prokaryotic systems imply compartmentalization without the use of membranes, which may offer insights into unique functions and regulations. It has been proposed that the formation…
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{alpha}v{beta}3-integrin regulates PD-L1 expression and is involved in cancer immune evasion [Microbiology]
Tumors utilize a number of effective strategies, including the programmed death 1/PD ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) axis, to evade immune-mediated control of their growth. PD-L1 expression is mainly induced by IFN receptor signaling or constitutively induced. Integrins are an abundantly expressed class of proteins which play multiple deleterious roles in cancer…
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Identifying roles for peptidergic signaling in mice [Neuroscience]
Despite accumulating evidence demonstrating the essential roles played by neuropeptides, it has proven challenging to use this information to develop therapeutic strategies. Peptidergic signaling can involve juxtacrine, paracrine, endocrine, and neuronal signaling, making it difficult to define physiologically important pathways. One of the final steps in the biosynthesis of many…
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Cell class-specific modulation of attentional signals by acetylcholine in macaque frontal eye field [Neuroscience]
Attention is critical to high-level cognition, and attentional deficits are a hallmark of cognitive dysfunction. A key transmitter for attentional control is acetylcholine, but its cellular actions in attention-controlling areas remain poorly understood. Here we delineate how muscarinic and nicotinic receptors affect basic neuronal excitability and attentional control signals in…
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Maternal viral infection causes global alterations in porcine fetal microglia [Neuroscience]
Maternal infections during pregnancy are associated with increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders, although the precise mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Previously, we established a maternal immune activation (MIA) model using swine, which results in altered social behaviors of piglet offspring. These behavioral abnormalities occurred in the absence of microglia priming….
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Ca2+-independent but voltage-dependent quantal catecholamine secretion (CiVDS) in the mammalian sympathetic nervous system [Neuroscience]
Action potential-induced vesicular exocytosis is considered exclusively Ca2+ dependent in Katz's Ca2+ hypothesis on synaptic transmission. This long-standing concept gets an exception following the discovery of Ca2+-independent but voltage-dependent secretion (CiVDS) and its molecular mechanisms in dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons. However, whether CiVDS presents only in sensory cells remains.
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Discordance between eNOS phosphorylation and activation revealed by multispectral imaging and chemogenetic methods [Pharmacology]
Nitric oxide (NO) synthesized by the endothelial isoform of nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is a critical determinant of vascular homeostasis. However, the real-time detection of intracellular NO—a free radical gas—has been difficult, and surrogate markers for eNOS activation are widely utilized. eNOS phosphorylation can be easily measured in cells by…
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Structural basis for power stroke vs. Brownian ratchet mechanisms of motor proteins [Biophysics and Computational Biology]
Two mechanisms have been proposed for the function of motor proteins: The power stroke and the Brownian ratchet. The former refers to generation of a large downhill free energy gradient over which the motor protein moves nearly irreversibly in making a step, whereas the latter refers to biasing or rectifying…
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Selection of endurance capabilities and the trade-off between pressure and volume in the evolution of the human heart [Anthropology]
Chimpanzees and gorillas, when not inactive, engage primarily in short bursts of resistance physical activity (RPA), such as climbing and fighting, that creates pressure stress on the cardiovascular system. In contrast, to initially hunt and gather and later to farm, it is thought that preindustrial human survival was dependent on…
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Inner Workings: Dwarf galaxies pose new questions about dark matter and the early universe that models are struggling to answer [Astronomy]
Late one night in October 2015, Andrew Wetzel was fretting. For 15 days, his cosmological models had been swirling virtual dark matter around cybernetic gas and dust and slowly generating a synthetic galaxy approximately the size of our own Milky Way, and Wetzel was about to receive the results. "I…
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A higher-order configuration of the heterodimeric DOT1L-AF10 coiled-coil domains potentiates their leukemogenenic activity [Biochemistry]
Chromosomal translocations of MLL1 (Mixed Lineage Leukemia 1) yield oncogenic chimeric proteins containing the N-terminal portion of MLL1 fused with distinct partners. The MLL1–AF10 fusion causes leukemia through recruiting the H3K79 histone methyltransferase DOT1L via AF10's octapeptide and leucine zipper (OM-LZ) motifs. Yet, the precise interaction sites in DOT1L, detailed…
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Redox-dependent gating of VDAC by mitoNEET [Biophysics and Computational Biology]
MitoNEET is an outer mitochondrial membrane protein essential for sensing and regulation of iron and reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. It is a key player in multiple human maladies including diabetes, cancer, neurodegeneration, and Parkinson's diseases. In healthy cells, mitoNEET receives its clusters from the mitochondrion and transfers them to…
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Tubulin lattice in cilia is in a stressed form regulated by microtubule inner proteins [Biophysics and Computational Biology]
Cilia, the hair-like protrusions that beat at high frequencies to propel a cell or move fluid around are composed of radially bundled doublet microtubules. In this study, we present a near-atomic resolution map of the Tetrahymena doublet microtubule by cryoelectron microscopy. The map demonstrates that the network of microtubule inner…
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Organization of fast and slow chromatin revealed by single-nucleosome dynamics [Biophysics and Computational Biology]
Understanding chromatin organization and dynamics is important, since they crucially affect DNA functions. In this study, we investigate chromatin dynamics by statistically analyzing single-nucleosome movement in living human cells. Bimodal nature of the mean square displacement distribution of nucleosomes allows for a natural categorization of the nucleosomes as fast and…
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Monomeric structure of an active form of bovine cytochrome c oxidase [Biophysics and Computational Biology]
Cytochrome c oxidase (CcO), a membrane enzyme in the respiratory chain, catalyzes oxygen reduction by coupling electron and proton transfer through the enzyme with a proton pump across the membrane. In all crystals reported to date, bovine CcO exists as a dimer with the same intermonomer contacts, whereas CcOs and…
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Force-induced recruitment of cten along keratin network in epithelial cells [Cell Biology]
The cytoskeleton provides structural integrity to cells and serves as a key component in mechanotransduction. Tensins are thought to provide a force-bearing linkage between integrins and the actin cytoskeleton; yet, direct evidence of tensin's role in mechanotransduction is lacking. We here report that local force application to epithelial cells using…
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Mechanical fatigue of human red blood cells [Cell Biology]
Fatigue arising from cyclic straining is a key factor in the degradation of properties of engineered materials and structures. Fatigue can also induce damage and fracture in natural biomaterials, such as bone, and in synthetic biomaterials used in implant devices. However, the mechanisms by which mechanical fatigue leads to deterioration…
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Atp6ap2 deletion causes extensive vacuolation that consumes the insulin content of pancreatic {beta} cells [Cell Biology]
Pancreatic β cells store insulin within secretory granules which undergo exocytosis upon elevation of blood glucose levels. Crinophagy and autophagy are instead responsible to deliver damaged or old granules to acidic lysosomes for intracellular degradation. However, excessive consumption of insulin granules can impair β cell function and cause diabetes. Atp6ap2…
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Relative hydrophilicities of cis and trans formamides [Chemistry]
Secondary formamides are widely encountered in biology and exist as mixtures of both cis and trans isomers. Here, we assess hydrophilicity differences between isomeric formamides through direct competition experiments. Formamides bearing long aliphatic chains were sequestered in a water-soluble molecular container having a hydrophobic cavity with an end open to…
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Heme binding to human CLOCK affects interactions with the E-box [Chemistry]
The circadian clock is an endogenous time-keeping system that is ubiquitous in animals and plants as well as some bacteria. In mammals, the clock regulates the sleep–wake cycle via 2 basic helix–loop–helix PER-ARNT-SIM (bHLH-PAS) domain proteins—CLOCK and BMAL1. There is emerging evidence to suggest that heme affects circadian control, through…
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Climate drives loss of phylogenetic diversity in a grassland community [Ecology]
While climate change has already profoundly influenced biodiversity through local extinctions, range shifts, and altered interactions, its effects on the evolutionary history contained within sets of coexisting species—or phylogenetic community diversity—have yet to be documented. Phylogenetic community diversity may be a proxy for the diversity of functional strategies that can…
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Fishing down then up the food web of an invaded lake [Ecology]
Analysis of commercial catches reveals a serial depletion of some oceanic fish stocks over time, resulting in fisheries focusing on increasingly smaller species closer to the base of the food chain. This effect, described as fishing down the marine food web, is observed when the trophic level of the catch…
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The value of thoughts and prayers [Economic Sciences]
A standard response of both policy makers and private citizens to hardships—from natural disasters to mass shootings—is to offer "thoughts and prayers." Critics argue that such gestures are meaningless and may obstruct structural reforms intended to mitigate catastrophes. In this study, we elicit the value of receiving thoughts and prayers…
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Fine particulate matter damages and value added in the US economy [Economic Sciences]
Emissions of most pollutants that result in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) formation have been decreasing in the United States. However, this trend has not been uniform across all sectors or regions of the economy. We use integrated assessment models (IAMs) to compute marginal damages for PM2.5-related emissions for each county…
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Neuromuscular actuation of biohybrid motile bots [Engineering]
The integration of muscle cells with soft robotics in recent years has led to the development of biohybrid machines capable of untethered locomotion. A major frontier that currently remains unexplored is neuronal actuation and control of such muscle-powered biohybrid machines. As a step toward this goal, we present here a…
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Elevated mutation and selection in wild emmer wheat in response to 28 years of global warming [Evolution]
Global warming has been documented to threaten wild plants with strong selection pressures, but how plant populations respond genetically to the threats remains poorly understood. We characterized the genetic responses of 10 wild emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccoides Koern.; WEW) populations in Israel, sampling them in 1980 and again in 2008,…
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Pervasive convergent evolution and extreme phenotypes define chaperone requirements of protein homeostasis [Evolution]
Maintaining protein homeostasis is an essential requirement for cell and organismal viability. An elaborate regulatory system within cells, the protein homeostasis network, safeguards that proteins are correctly folded and functional. At the heart of this regulatory system lies a class of specialized protein quality control enzymes called chaperones that are…
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Identification of C2CD4A as a human diabetes susceptibility gene with a role in {beta} cell insulin secretion [Genetics]
Fine mapping and validation of genes causing β cell failure from susceptibility loci identified in type 2 diabetes genome-wide association studies (GWAS) poses a significant challenge. The VPS13C-C2CD4A-C2CD4B locus on chromosome 15 confers diabetes susceptibility in every ethnic group studied to date. However, the causative gene is unknown. FoxO1 is…
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T cell activation and immune synapse organization respond to the microscale mechanics of structured surfaces [Immunology and Inflammation]
Cells have the remarkable ability to sense the mechanical stiffness of their surroundings. This has been studied extensively in the context of cells interacting with planar surfaces, a conceptually elegant model that also has application in biomaterial design. However, physiological interfaces are spatially complex, exhibiting topographical features that are described…
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Differential requirements for Fc{gamma}R engagement by protective antibodies against Ebola virus [Immunology and Inflammation]
Ebola virus (EBOV) continues to pose significant threats to global public health, requiring ongoing development of multiple strategies for disease control. To date, numerous monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that target the EBOV glycoprotein (GP) have demonstrated potent protective activity in animal disease models and are thus promising candidates for the control…
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PTPN1/2-mediated dephosphorylation of MITA/STING promotes its 20S proteasomal degradation and attenuates innate antiviral response [Immunology and Inflammation]
Upon cytosolic viral DNA stimulation, cGMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) catalyzes synthesis of 2′3′cGMP-AMP (cGAMP), which binds to the adaptor protein MITA (mediator of IRF3 activation, also called STING, stimulator of IFN genes) and induces innate antiviral response. How the activity of MITA/STING is regulated to avoid excessive innate immune response is…
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Proliferation-competent Tcf1+ CD8 T cells in dysfunctional populations are CD4 T cell help independent [Immunology and Inflammation]
T cell maintenance in chronic infection and cancer follows a hierarchical order. Short-lived effector CD8 T cells are constitutively replaced from a proliferation-competent Tcf1-expressing progenitor population. This occurs spontaneously at low levels and increases in magnitude upon blocking PD-1 signaling. We explore how CD4 T cell help controls transition and…
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Genetic ablation of acid ceramidase in Krabbe disease confirms the psychosine hypothesis and identifies a new therapeutic target [Medical Sciences]
Infantile globoid cell leukodystrophy (GLD, Krabbe disease) is a fatal demyelinating disorder caused by a deficiency in the lysosomal enzyme galactosylceramidase (GALC). GALC deficiency leads to the accumulation of the cytotoxic glycolipid, galactosylsphingosine (psychosine). Complementary evidence suggested that psychosine is synthesized via an anabolic pathway. Here, we show instead that…
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Structural insights into diverse modes of ICAM-1 binding by Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes [Microbiology]
A major determinant of pathogenicity in malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum is the adhesion of parasite-infected erythrocytes to the vasculature or tissues of infected individuals. This occludes blood flow, leads to inflammation, and increases parasitemia by reducing spleen-mediated clearance of the parasite. This adhesion is mediated by PfEMP1, a multivariant…
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Unstable chromosome rearrangements in Staphylococcus aureus cause phenotype switching associated with persistent infections [Microbiology]
Staphylococcus aureus small-colony variants (SCVs) are associated with unusually chronic and persistent infections despite active antibiotic treatment. The molecular basis for this clinically important phenomenon is poorly understood, hampered by the instability of the SCV phenotype. Here we investigated the genetic basis for an unstable S. aureus SCV that arose…
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Statistical inference of body representation in the macaque brain [Neuroscience]
The sense of one's own body is a pillar of self-consciousness and could be investigated by inducing human illusions of artificial objects as part of the self. Here, we present a nonhuman primate version of a rubber-hand illusion that allowed us to determine its computational and neuronal mechanisms. We implemented…
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Molecular control limiting sensitivity of sweet taste neurons in Drosophila [Neuroscience]
To assess the biological value of environmental stimuli, animals' sensory systems must accurately decode both the identities and the intensities of these stimuli. While much is known about the mechanism by which sensory neurons detect the identities of stimuli, less is known about the mechanism that controls how sensory neurons…
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Interfacial charge-transfer Mott state in iridate-nickelate superlattices [Physics]
We investigate SrIrO3/LaNiO3 superlattices in which we observe a full electron transfer at the interface from Ir to Ni, triggering a massive structural and electronic reconstruction. Through experimental characterization and first-principles calculations, we determine that a large crystal field splitting from the distorted interfacial IrO6 octahedra surprisingly dominates over the…
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Thermalization and possible signatures of quantum chaos in complex crystalline materials [Physics]
Analyses of thermal diffusivity data on complex insulators and on strongly correlated electron systems hosted in similar complex crystal structures suggest that quantum chaos is a good description for thermalization processes in these systems, particularly in the high-temperature regime where the many phonon bands and their interactions dominate the thermal…
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Photoenhanced metastable c-axis electrodynamics in stripe-ordered cuprate La1.885Ba0.115CuO4 [Physics]
Quantum materials are amenable to nonequilibrium manipulation with light, enabling modification and control of macroscopic properties. Light-based augmentation of superconductivity is particularly intriguing. Copper-oxide superconductors exhibit complex interplay between spin order, charge order, and superconductivity, offering the prospect of enhanced coherence by altering the balance between com
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Optical deformation of single aerosol particles [Physics]
Advancements in designing complex models for atmospheric aerosol science and aerosol–cloud interactions rely vitally on accurately measuring the physicochemical properties of microscopic particles. Optical tweezers are a laboratory-based platform that can provide access to such measurements as they are able to isolate individual particles from an ensemble. The surprising ability…
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The gut microbiome regulates host glucose homeostasis via peripheral serotonin [Physiology]
The gut microbiome is an established regulator of aspects of host metabolism, such as glucose handling. Despite the known impacts of the gut microbiota on host glucose homeostasis, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. The gut microbiome is also a potent mediator of gut-derived serotonin synthesis, and this peripheral source of…
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Arabidopsis PP6 phosphatases dephosphorylate PIF proteins to repress photomorphogenesis [Plant Biology]
The PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTORs (PIFs) play a central role in repressing photomorphogenesis, and phosphorylation mediates the stability of PIF proteins. Although the kinases responsible for PIF phosphorylation have been extensively studied, the phosphatases that dephosphorylate PIFs remain largely unknown. Here, we report that seedlings with mutations in FyPP1 and FyPP3, 2…
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Arabidopsis H+-ATPase AHA1 controls slow wave potential duration and wound-response jasmonate pathway activation [Plant Biology]
Electrogenic proton pumps have been implicated in the generation of slow wave potentials (SWPs), damage-induced membrane depolarizations that activate the jasmonate (JA) defense pathway in leaves distal to wounds. However, no defined H+-ATPases have been shown to modulate these electrical signals. Pilot experiments revealed that the proton pump activator fusicoccin…
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Auronidins are a previously unreported class of flavonoid pigments that challenges when anthocyanin biosynthesis evolved in plants [Plant Biology]
Anthocyanins are key pigments of plants, providing color to flowers, fruit, and foliage and helping to counter the harmful effects of environmental stresses. It is generally assumed that anthocyanin biosynthesis arose during the evolutionary transition of plants from aquatic to land environments. Liverworts, which may be the closest living relatives…
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A field experiment on community policing and police legitimacy [Social Sciences]
Despite decades of declining crime rates, longstanding tensions between police and the public continue to frustrate the formation of cooperative relationships necessary for the function of the police and the provision of public safety. In response, policy makers continue to promote community-oriented policing (COP) and its emphasis on positive, nonenforcement…
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Building more accurate decision trees with the additive tree [Statistics]
The expansion of machine learning to high-stakes application domains such as medicine, finance, and criminal justice, where making informed decisions requires clear understanding of the model, has increased the interest in interpretable machine learning. The widely used Classification and Regression Trees (CART) have played a major role in health sciences,…
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Untapped capacity for resilience in environmental law [Sustainability Science]
Over the past several decades, environmental governance has made substantial progress in addressing environmental change, but emerging environmental problems require new innovations in law, policy, and governance. While expansive legal reform is unlikely to occur soon, there is untapped potential in existing laws to address environmental change, both by leveraging…
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Correction for Lister and Garcia, Reply to Willig et al.: Long-term population trends in the Luquillo Rainforest [Correction]
LETTER Correction for "Reply to Willig et al.: Long-term population trends in the Luquillo Rainforest," by Brad Lister and Andres Garcia, which was first published May 29, 2019; 10.1073/pnas.1904582116 (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 116, 12145–12146). The authors wish to note the following: "On page 12145, right column, first paragraph,…
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Correction for Branch and Wulfmeyer, Deliberate enhancement of rainfall using desert plantations [Correction]
EARTH, ATMOSPHERIC, AND PLANETARY SCIENCES Correction for "Deliberate enhancement of rainfall using desert plantations," by Oliver Branch and Volker Wulfmeyer, which was first published September 3, 2019; 10.1073/pnas.1904754116 (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 116, 18841–18847). The authors note that, due to a printer's error, the Acknowledgments section was not included…
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Glowing bacteria in anglerfish 'lamp' come from the water
New research shows that female deep-sea anglerfish's bioluminescent bacteria—which illuminate their "headlamp"—most likely come from the water.
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Fatal flaws in UK Government's price of a life
The measurement by which the UK Government attaches a monetary value to saving a human life is invalid and should be overhauled, according to Professor of Risk Management at the University of Bristol, Philip Thomas.
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Glowing bacteria in anglerfish 'lamp' come from the water
New research shows that female deep-sea anglerfish's bioluminescent bacteria—which illuminate their "headlamp"—most likely come from the water.
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The Actual Harms of Vaping
When a deadly virus swept the U.S. in 2009, killing thousands of people, panic felt especially necessary. A variant of the influenza that spreads every year, the "swine flu" made headlines as new reports of deaths rolled in. Graphic, tragic tales of lives lost spread fear. Many Americans still remember that winter as particularly treacherous. But swine flu ultimately did no more damage in the cou
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Rigging Elections, Turning C02 Into Sugar, And Dinosaur Extinction
A month's worth of cool science stories summed up. Rigging Elections, Turning C02 Into Sugar, And Dinosaur Extinction Video of Rigging Elections, Turning C02 Into Sugar, And Dinosaur Extinction Earth Tuesday, October 1, 2019 – 12:30 Alistair Jennings, Contributor On this monthly roundup, Alistair Jennings from Inside Science sums up some of September's most interesting science: are social networ
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Hackers Keep Playing Porn on Electronic Billboards, Public TVs
Distracted Driving Hackers keep commandeering public television screens and electronic billboards to play porn videos. Late Saturday night, drivers in Michigan were shocked to see an electronic billboard next to I-75 North displaying a video featuring adult performers Xev Bellringer and Princess Leia. The next morning, New Zealand shoppers saw porn playing on the street-facing screens above sport
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Skeptical Science New Research for Week #39, 2019
51 articles, 20 open access Situational awareness: "That ship has sailed." In a meeting of oil and gas executives this past summer, Mark Barron suggested energy companies accept that as a functional matter of politics anthropogenic climate change is fact and that their industry must deal with the reality of an under-40 US population seeing climate change as "an existential crisis that we need to
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Ice sheet melting: it's not just about sea level rise
This is a re-post from The Science Breaker by Kaitlin Naughten Climate change is causing the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets to melt, which releases cold, fresh meltwater into the nearby ocean. This meltwater causes sea level rise, but a lesser-known side effect is the disruption of deep ocean currents and climate patterns worldwide. Our modelling study investigated these processes. You've pro
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How sustainable is tuna? New global catch database exposes dangerous fishing trends
In a study published in Fisheries Research, scientists from the Sea Around Us initiative found that global tuna catches have increased over 1,000 per cent in the past six decades, fueled by a massive expansion of industrial fisheries.
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Gene responsible for lutein esterification in bread wheat identified
Researchers have identified and confirmed the gene responsible for lutein esterification in bread wheat. The activity of this gene controls the timing of esterification in grain, which is related to storage and nutritional qualities of bread wheat and other grains.
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Massachusetts Tops Energy Efficiency Rankings, but Other States Close In
Climate initiatives improve some states' rankings as others fall behind — Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
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The Chinese Academy of Sciences at 70
Nature, Published online: 01 October 2019; doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02950-5 Over the past few decades, the academy's investments have made it one of the world's richest. Could its financial autonomy be a model for others?
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A kinder research culture is possible
Nature, Published online: 01 October 2019; doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02951-4 Wellcome is right to call out hyper-competitiveness in research and question the focus on excellence. But other funders must follow its move.
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Daily briefing: How to learn to love your teaching burden
Nature, Published online: 01 October 2019; doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02968-9 Teaching shouldn't be a hassle, how science made China a superpower and researchers report feeling pressured to cite unnecessary papers.
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Ex-Yahoo Engineer Pleads Guilty to Hacking 6K Accounts
(via Pentagram) A former Yahoo software engineer pleaded guilty to hacking into thousands of accounts in search of private and personal records. Reyes …
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TiVos Edge DVR arrives with support for Dolby Vision and Atmos
Image: TiVo First leaked earlier this year, the TiVo Edge DVR is now official. As expected, it includes support for both the Dolby Vision and Atmos standards, which will benefit …
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Racial discrimination in childhood may speed aging
Early life stress from racial discrimination puts African Americans at greater risk for accelerated aging, a marker for premature development of serious health problems, and perhaps a shorter life expectancy, researchers report. For a new study in Health Psychology , Sierra Carter, an assistant professor of psychology at Georgia State University, used data based on questionnaires and blood sample
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The Path to a Profitable and Protected Amazon
Thousands of products can be sustainably harvested from the forest, and indigenous peoples are crucial in helping us find them — Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
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New research identifies the strengths and weaknesses of super material
Scientists have measured how the super-plastic material ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene, commercially known as Dyneema or Spectra, interacts when bolted to other materials. The research has established guidelines and failure maps for use of the material in joints with steel bolts. The research shows that while the material deforms at the joints, it's incredible difficult to actually break
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Discovered new regulation for infant growth
Researchers have identified new genetic signals for the regulation of how infants grow. This may be a crucial step in the fight against growth-related diseases.
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Cracking how tardigrades survive the extremes
Scientists have gained a new understanding of how tiny, ultra-resilient invertebrates known as tardigrades, or 'water bears,' are protected in extreme conditions. Tardigrades are found in water environments around the world — including mountainous, deep sea and Antarctic environments. The researchers discovered that a tardigrade protein named Dsup binds to chromatin — DNA inside cells — and for
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Jellyfish's 'superpowers' gained through cellular mechanism
Jellyfish are animals that possess the unique ability to regenerate body parts. A team of scientists has now revealed the cellular mechanisms that give jellyfish these remarkable 'superpowers.'
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Exposure to BPA in the womb linked to wheezing and poorer lung function in children
Pregnant women exposed to higher levels of the commonly used chemical bisphenol A (BPA) are more likely to have children who suffer with wheezing and poorer lung function, according to new research.
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New research identifies the strengths and weaknesses of super material
Scientists have measured how the super-plastic material ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene, commercially known as Dyneema or Spectra, interacts when bolted to other materials. The research has established guidelines and failure maps for use of the material in joints with steel bolts. The research shows that while the material deforms at the joints, it's incredible difficult to actually break
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Handling traumatic grief reactions in children and adolescents post-9/11
In the wake of the World Trade Center attack on September 11, 2001 (9/11), researchers defined the 'traumatically bereaved' as those who experienced the loss of a mother, father, sister, brother, grandmother, grandfather, aunt, uncle, other family member, friend, and/or someone else after 9/11 happened. A new study reports that this disorder warrants separate clinical attention.
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250-million-year-old evolutionary remnants seen in muscles of human embryos
A team of evolutionary biologists have demonstrated that some limb muscles known to be present in many mammals but absent in the adult human are actually formed during early human development and then lost prior to birth. These findings offer insight into how our arms and legs evolved from our mammalian ancestors, and also help explain rare limb anomalies found in humans born with congenital malfo
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Rising ozone is a hidden threat to corn
By exposing a genetically diverse group of corn plants in the field to future ozone levels, researchers discovered hidden vulnerabilities.
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This sleeping octopus twitches in technicolor—but is she dreaming?
What's she thinking? (Nature on PBS/) In the house of David Scheel, Heidi the octopus lies dreaming—potentially. A video has been making rounds on the internet showing Heidi asleep in her tank. Her mantle (the ball of muscle behind her eyes) expands and deflates, and you can practically hear her tiny cartoon snores. Each time the octopus twitches, her body pulses with a new array of colors and te
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SpaceX Releases Beautiful Diagrams of Starship, Super Heavy
Biggest Blast Off On Saturday, SpaceX CEO Elon Musk showed off his space company's latest prototype of its Starship spaceship. And now, SpaceX has published a new page of diagrams dedicated to the behemoth rocket, as well as the Super Heavy, the booster that will launch the Starship into orbit. The page comes with a detailed infographic outlining some of the outrageous specs of the company's reco
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The Path to a Profitable and Protected Amazon
Thousands of products can be sustainably harvested from the forest, and indigenous peoples are crucial in helping us find them — Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
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What Fan Fiction Teaches That the Classroom Doesn't
N. K. Jemisin, the only author to win the prestigious Hugo Award for best science-fiction or fantasy novel three years in a row, partly credits fan fiction for her ability to draw in readers. Jemisin started writing fan fiction, in which authors imagine new stories based on preexisting fictional works, while in grad school for counseling. "I was miserable and lonely. I didn't have a lot of friend
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Did long ago tsunamis lead to mysterious, tropical fungal outbreak in Pacific northwest?
The Great Alaskan Earthquake of 1964 and the tsunamis it spawned may have washed a tropical fungus ashore, leading to a subsequent outbreak of often-fatal infections among people in coastal regions of the Pacific Northwest, according to a new article.
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Better sleep habits lead to better college grades
Two professors have found a strong relationship between students' grades and how much sleep they're getting. What time students go to bed and the consistency of their sleep habits also make a big difference. And no, getting a good night's sleep just before a big test is not good enough — it takes several nights in a row of good sleep to make a difference.
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The hidden ark: How a grassroots initiative can help save fish from extinction
Freshwater fish are the most threatened vertebrate group, and species are disappearing faster than scientists can describe them. A new study shows that aquarium hobbyists can play an important role in freshwater fish conservation by filling in the gaps left by the scientific community and conservation organizations.
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Genetic markers linked to the start of symptoms of Parkinson's disease
Researchers have identified a group of genetic variants related to the starting point of Parkinson's disease. These results, published in the journal Movement Disorders, will enable delimiting the research on new therapeutic targets, and could have implications in the diagnosis of the disease.
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Slut med amatør-astronauter? Regeringen vil forbyde større civile raketopsendelser
Regeringen følger rådet fra en arbejdsgruppe, der konkluderede, at ingen steder i Danmark egner sig til større raketopsendelser. Mindre raketopsendelser skal dog stadig være tilladte.
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New Artificial Blood Could Be Transfused Into Any Patient
A team of scientists at Japan's National Defense Medical College have created artificial blood that could be used in any patient, regardless of their blood type, Japanese newspaper The Asahi Shimbun reports . If it moves into human trials, the invention could prove extremely useful in cases when blood of a certain type isn't available. "It is difficult to stock a sufficient amount of blood for tr
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US court: FCC had the right to dump net-neutrality rules
A federal court is ruling that the Federal Communications Commission had the right to dump net-neutrality rules, but couldn't bar states like California from passing their own.
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Here's Why Elon Musk is Feuding With the Head of NASA
On paper, NASA administrator Jim Bridenstine and SpaceX CEO Elon Musk should be the best of friends. Years of collaboration and hard work are about to pave the way for the long-awaited return of launching humans into space from American soil — but instead of chumming it up, the duo are at each others' throats. The trouble started when Bridenstine released a statement on Friday — a day before Musk
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Emerging parasitic disease mimics the symptoms of visceral leishmaniasis in people
A new study suggests that transmission of a protozoan parasite from insects may also cause leishmaniasis-like symptoms in people. The parasite, however, does not respond to treatment with standard leishmaniasis drugs. The research was conducted by scientists at the Federal Universities of Sergipe and São Carlos, the University of São Paulo, and the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, all in Brazil, along wit
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Protozoans and pathogens make for an infectious mix
The new observation that strains of V. cholerae can be expelled into the environment after being ingested by protozoa, and that these bacteria are then primed for colonisation and infection in humans, could help explain why cholera is so persistent in aquatic environments. The disease-causing bacteria are protected in the protozoan gut and ejected into the environment in membrane-bound expelled fo
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Glowing bacteria in anglerfish 'lamp' come from the water
New research shows that female deep-sea anglerfish's bioluminescent bacteria — which illuminate their 'headlamp' — most likely come from the water.
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Can a donor voucher program broaden representation in local campaign financing?
A new study investigated the effectiveness of Seattle, WA's Democracy Voucher program in expanding participation from marginalized communities in a local election, where voters were each given four, twenty-five-dollar vouchers to assign to the local candidates of their choice.
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High-fructose and high-fat diet damages liver mitochondria, study finds
High levels of fructose in the diet inhibit the liver's ability to properly metabolize fat. This effect is specific to fructose. Indeed, equally high levels of glucose in the diet actually improve the fat-burning function of the liver.
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NASA satellite sees a large Hurricane Lorenzo headed toward Azores
Hurricane Lorenzo was heading toward the Azores Islands when NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite provided forecasters with an image of the storm. Satellite imagery revealed the large extent of the storm.
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Discovery enables clear identification of diseased beta cells in type 2 diabetes
Studies of diabetes rely on the ability of researchers to sort diseased cells from healthy cells. For years, researchers have noted that typical RNA sequencing analysis of these cells was poorly able to separate type 2 cells from non-diseased control cells. Researchers realized there must be a fundamental difference between diseased and healthy cells that had gone undiscovered. Now, researchers at
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Uncovering new therapeutic targets for airway inflammation in sickle cell disease
A new study by De, Agrawal, Morrone et al, challenges the common notion that airway in-flammation in Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is secondary to asthma, even though the two disor-ders often coexist.
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Just add water: simple step boosts polymer's ability to filter CO2 from mixed gases
An international team of researchers has found it can significantly boost an existing polymer's ability to selectively remove carbon dioxide out of gas mixtures by first submerging the material in liquid water.
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African child deaths could be prevented by improving environmental quality and reducing population
Children under 5 years of age in Africa are much more likely to die as a direct result of poor health linked to air pollution, unsafe water, lack of sanitation, increased family size, and environmental degradation, according to the first continent-wide investigation of its kind. An international team of researchers have analysed data to break down the correlation between increased child mortality,
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Climate change could pit species against one another as they shift ranges
Species have few good options when it comes to surviving climate change — they can genetically adapt to new conditions, shift their ranges, or both. But new research indicates that conflicts between species as they adapt and shift ranges could lead experts to underestimate extinctions, and underscores the importance of landscape connectivity.
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Babies have fewer respiratory infections if they have well-connected bacterial networks
Microscopic bacteria, which are present in all humans, cluster together and form communities in different parts of the body, such as the gut, lungs, nose and mouth. Now, for the first time, researchers have shown the extent to which these microbial communities are linked to each other across the body, and how these networks are associated with susceptibility to respiratory infections in babies.
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Does being a 'superwoman' protect African American women's health?
A new study explores whether different facets of being a strong black woman, which researchers sometimes refer to as 'superwoman schema,' ultimately protect women from the negative health impacts of racial discrimination — or cause more harm.
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Teen study reveals how schools influence e-cigarette use, outlines prevention strategies
When e-cigarettes hit the US market in 2007, they were promoted as a safer, healthier alternative to traditional, combustible cigarettes. The unintended consequence of vaping devices and e-cigarettes, however, is a new generation of vapers — teenagers — becoming addicted to nicotine. This study examines how schools influence e-cigarette use in adolescence, outlining various prevention strategies
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Quantum material goes where none have gone before
Physicists have created a quantum material that can travel through a previously unexplored region marked by strange electronic properties. The journey is by an alloy of cerium palladium and aluminum.
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The Messy Consequences of the Golden State Killer Case
This summer should have been a triumphant time for genealogy and forensics. It marked a year since a genealogist had helped law enforcement track down the man suspected of being the notorious Golden State Killer , and in the ensuing months genealogists had helped police identify suspects in more than 40 other cases. In June, such work led to its first conviction . In July, the first exoneration .
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Where Toxic Masculinity Goes to Die
There's no elegant way to put this, but I'm in love with an online forum devoted to facial hair. Naturally, and like many other discussion boards, Beard Board is full of men—but the men here are kindhearted and supportive of one another. Cruelty is forbidden; generosity is encouraged. The site can feel like a haven, which is important, because while it's nominally about beards—growing them, groom
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D.E.A. Let Opioid Production Surge as Crisis Grew, Justice Dept. Says
The department's inspector general said the agency, which is also under the umbrella of the Justice Department, authorized large increases in the production of painkillers even as drug-related deaths soared.
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Humans Are Disturbing Earth's Carbon Cycle More Than the Dinosaur-Killing Asteroid Did
The anthropogenic climate crisis is disturbing our planet's carbon cycle more than the dinosaur-killing asteroid did.
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Leaked Audio: Mark Zuckerberg Is Terrified of Elizabeth Warren
Internal Candor Presidential candidate Elizabeth Warren's plan to break up huge tech corporations has Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg suiting up for war. At an internal Q&A session with Facebook employees, Zuckerberg spoke candidly about issues facing the company. His concerns ranged from election security and TikTok to the possibility of a Warren presidency, according to two hours of leaked audio o
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Over en halv liter sodavand om dagen kan forkorte dit liv
Du bør skifte både almindelig og light sodavand ud med vand til hverdag, anbefaler forsker.
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Product authentication at your fingertips
A team led by a chemist at the University of California, Riverside, has fabricated for the first time plasmonic color-switchable films of silver nanoparticles. Until now, such color changing of nanoparticles was mainly achieved in liquids, limiting their potential for practical applications. The technology has a number of applications: product authentication, color displays, signage, sensors, and
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Mild-to-moderate hearing loss in children leads to changes in how brain processes sound
Deafness in early childhood is known to lead to lasting changes in how sounds are processed in the brain, but new research published today in eLife shows that even mild-to-moderate levels of hearing loss in young children can lead to similar changes.
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Radiology organizations publish statement on ethics of AI in Radiology
Experts in the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in radiology, from many of the world's leading radiology, medical physics and imaging informatics groups, today published an aspirational statement to guide the development of AI in radiology. The multi-society statement focuses on three major areas: data, algorithms and practice.
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Exploring the brain in a new way: WVU researcher records neurons to understand cognition
Whether we're searching for Waldo or our keys in a room of clutter, we tap into a part of the frontal region of the brain when performing visual, goal-related tasks. Some of us do it well, whereas for others it's a bit challenging. One West Virginia University researcher set out to investigate why, and what specifically this part of the brain, called the pre-supplementary motor area, does during s
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Earthquake in the cell
Nuclear abnormalities such as nuclear blebs and micronuclei have devastating consequences for the genetic material and are associated with cancer or ageing. Scientists from the MPI of Immunobiology and Epigenetics in Freiburg (Germany) now revealed that the epigenetic enzyme MOF is crucial for the morphological integrity of the mammalian nucleus. Moreover, the study characterized the epigenetic la
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Molecular motors — Rotation on an eight-shaped path
Chemical engineers at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet (LMU) in Munich, Germany, have developed the first molecular motor that enables an eight-shaped movement.
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'Poisoned arrowhead' used by warring bacteria could lead to new antibiotics
A weapon bacteria use to vanquish their competitors could be copied to create new forms of antibiotics, according to Imperial College London research.
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Early warning signals heralded fatal collapse of Krakatau volcano
On 22 December 2018, a flank of the Anak Krakatau plunged into the Sunda strait between the Indonesian islands of Sumatra and Java, triggering a tsunami that killed 430 people. An international research team has now shown that the volcano produced clear warning signals before its collapse. The researchers recommend to use their study to improve monitoring of volcanoes.
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Squid-inspired robots might have environmental, propulsion applications
Inspired by cephalopods, scientists developed an aquatic robot that mimics their form of propulsion. These high-speed, squidlike robots are made of smart materials, which make them hard to detect, while maintaining a low environmental footprint. Physicists used numerical simulations to illustrate the physical mechanisms and fluid mechanics of a squid's swimming method. By using this form of locomo
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Rural, urban drive times to nearest opioid treatment programs differ
Comparing drive times to the nearest opioid treatment programs in urban and rural counties in five US states with the highest county rates of opioid-related overdose deaths was the focus of this research letter. Methadone for treating opioid use can only be dispensed from certified treatment programs in the United States, of which there is a shortage in rural counties. This analysis included 489 c
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Did IV high-dose vitamin C improve outcomes for patients with sepsis and severe lung condition?
This randomized clinical trial looked at whether high-dose vitamin C delivered intravenously could reduce organ failure, inflammation and vascular injury in patients with sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a severe lung condition that is a common organ injury associated with sepsis. Previous research has suggested that intravenous vitamin C may lessen inflammation and vascular
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Barrier to rural opioid treatment: Driving distance to methadone clinics
People who live in rural counties in five states heavily affected by the opioid epidemic must drive longer distances to obtain methadone, a treatment for opioid addiction, compared to individuals from urban counties, say Yale researchers. Their study, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), suggests these long drive times in rural counties could be reduced by making me
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New study links vitamin C therapy to better survival rates after sepsis
New research published in the October issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association suggests that patients with sepsis and septic lung injury could have a better chance of survival and recover more quickly when treated with vitamin C infusions. On average, the vitamin C group spent three fewer days in the ICU at day 28 and a week less in the hospital overall by day 60 than the placebo g
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WiFi system identifies people through walls by their walk
A new system uses video of a person walking to identify that person through walls using two WiFi transceivers. This novel video-WiFi cross-modal gait-based person identification system, which they refer to as XModal-ID (pronounced Cross-Modal-ID), could have a variety of applications, from surveillance and security to smart homes . For instance, consider a scenario in which law enforcement has a
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Venstre kalder rundbarbering af grøn støttepulje »grotesk«
Det er ikke med oppositionens gode vilje, at mere end halvdelen af støttepuljen til teknologineutrale udbud af sol og vind er skåret bort. Men regeringen har sikret sig opbakning fra sine støttepartier.
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How Impeachment Helps Congress
A president, his congressional opponents, foreign leaders, and the U.S. Supreme Court first tangled over executive privilege toward the end of George Washington's first term. They are almost certainly headed for a collision in 2019. In November 1794, John Jay, then the first chief justice and also President George Washington's special envoy, signed the "Treaty of Amity Commerce and Navigation, be
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Exclusive: Rocket test in Alaska polluted 230 tonnes of soil
Aerospace firm Astra Space flew two rockets tests last year – both malfunctioned, contaminating 230 tonnes of soil and damaging spaceport buildings
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iPhone 11 cases for people with butterfingers
Get a grip. (Andy Feliciotti via Unsplash/) Nobody's perfect. Blame it on Mercury in retrograde or your last margarita, but most folks have dropped their phones at one point or another. Sometimes we get lucky and our phones come away without a scratch, but other times the slip can set you back hundreds of bucks. For a gadget as important and expensive to replace as your smartphone, you'll want a
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Human embryos have extra hand muscles found in lizards but not most adults
In developing human embryos, muscles are made, then lost, in a pattern that mirrors the appearance of the structures during evolution.
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Hackers Turn Michigan Billboard Into X-Rated Scene
(via charlesdeluvio/Unsplash) Drivers face enough distractions on the road without adding 14 feet of pornography to the list. Police in Auburn Hills, …
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Menopause: life after reproduction
Nature, Published online: 01 October 2019; doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02940-7 Julia Prague investigates a book that draws on evolutionary theories to explore post-reproductive strategies in society.
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Even meat lovers go veggie when plant-heavy meals abound
Nature, Published online: 30 September 2019; doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02934-5 Dining-hall data suggest that a rise in vegetarian options leads customers to embrace meat-free meals.
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Decades-Old Code Is Putting Millions of Critical Devices at Risk
Nearly two decades ago, a company called Interpeak created a network protocol that became an industry standard. It also had severe bugs that are only now coming to light.
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How Jurassic Plankton Stole Control of the Ocean's Chemistry
Evolution is usually depicted as a consequence of the never-ending war between living things — a "Struggle for Existence amongst all organic beings," as Charles Darwin put it. The physical environment around those living things plays a part, but it's secondary to the intimate relationships that organisms have with one another. Whether talking about symbioses or the ongoing competitions between sp
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Now you see them, now you don't: embryonic muscles echo evolution
Early muscles reflect ancestral change, new imaging reveals. Barry Keily reports.
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Tsunami dumped tropical disease on North American coastline
Scientists solve a riddle and sound a warning. Mark Bruer reports.
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Tiny 'Lizard-Like' Muscles Found in Developing Embryos Vanish Before Birth
Detailed 3D images of embryos reveal that some muscles form and then vanish during early human development.
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Beyond Einstein: Mystery surrounding photon momentum solved
According to Einstein, light consists of particles (photons) that transfer only quantised energy to the electron of the atom. If the photon's energy is sufficient, it knocks the electrons out of the atom. But what happens to the photon's momentum in this process? Physicists at Goethe University are now able to answer this question. To do so, they developed and constructed and new spectrometer with
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Researchers synthesize new liquid crystals allowing directed transmission of electricity
Liquid and solid – most people are unaware that there can be states in between. Liquid crystals are representative of one such state. While the molecules in liquids swim around at random, neighboring molecules in liquid crystals are aligned as in regular crystal grids, but the material is still liquid.
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For the first time, UMD professor observes crystallized iron product, hemozoin, made in mammals
For the first time ever, a UMD professor has observed a crystallized iron product called hemozoin being made in mammals, with widespread implications for future research and treatment of blood disorders. Findings could be used to treat sickle cell disease and malaria patients, while opening up diverse research avenues across immunology, parasitology, neuroscience, microbiology, and even urology.
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Intriguing discovery provides new insights into photoelectric effect
The discovery that free electrons can move asymmetrically provides a deeper understanding of one of the basic processes in physics: the photoelectric effect. It was first described by Albert Einstein and explains how high frequency light releases electrons from a material. The results have been published in Physical Review Letters.
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Fatal flaws in UK Government's price of a life
The measurement by which the UK Government attaches a monetary value to saving a human life is invalid and should be overhauled, according to Professor of Risk Management at the University of Bristol, Philip Thomas. In a new paper, published in the journal Measurement, Professor Thomas argues the UK Value of a Prevented Fatality or VPF is a flawed tool which considerably underestimates the value o
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No evidence that power posing works
Striking a power pose before an important meeting or interview is not going to boost your confidence or make you feel more powerful, says an Iowa State University researcher. Marcus Credé, an associate professor of psychology, reviewed nearly 40 studies on the topic and found not a single one supports the claims that power posing works.
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'Poisoned arrowhead' used by warring bacteria could lead to new antibiotics
A weapon bacteria use to vanquish their competitors could be copied to create new forms of antibiotics, according to Imperial College London research.
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Why you should shop at your local farmers market | Mohammad Modarres
The average farmer in America makes less than 15 cents of every dollar on a product that you purchase at a store. They feed our communities, but farmers often cannot afford the very foods they grow. In this actionable talk, social entrepreneur Mohammad Modarres shows how to put your purchasing power into action to save local agriculture from collapse and transform the food industry from the bottom
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Early warning signals heralded fatal collapse of Krakatau volcano
On 22 December 2018, a flank of the Anak Krakatau volcano plunged into the Sunda strait between the Indonesian islands of Sumatra and Java, triggering a tsunami that killed 430 people. An international research team led by Thomas Walter of the German Research Centre for Geosciences GFZ in Potsdam has now shown that the volcano produced clear warning signals before its collapse. This was the result
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'Poisoned arrowhead' used by warring bacteria could lead to new antibiotics
A weapon bacteria use to vanquish their competitors could be copied to create new forms of antibiotics, according to Imperial College London research.
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Squid-inspired robots might have environmental, propulsion applications
Inspired by the unique and efficient swimming strategy of cephalopods, scientists developed an aquatic robot that mimics their form of propulsion.
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If at first you don't succeed, try, try again
Failure can lead to greater career success. Natalie Parletta reports.
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Quantum computing milestone excites scientists
But quantum computers are still a dream. Christopher Ferrie from the University of Technology Sydney explains.
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Your video can ID you through walls with help of WiFi
Researchers have enabled, for the first time, determining whether the person behind a wall is the same individual who appears in given video footage, using only a pair of WiFi transceivers outside.
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Monthly phone check-in may mean less depression for families of patients with dementia
A monthly, 40-minute phone call from a non-clinical professional may suppress or reverse the trajectory of depression so frequently experienced by family members caring for patients with dementia at home, according to a new study.
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Sleeping pills reduce suicidal thoughts in patients with severe insomnia
Insomnia is a driver of suicide, and particularly people with severe insomnia may safely benefit from taking a sedative to help address their sleep problems as it reduces their suicidal thoughts, investigators report.
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Microbes in warm soils released more carbon than those in cooler soils
Simply by moving tropical soils down a mountainside into warmer environments, a team has discovered that much more CO2 may be released due to increased microbial activity as soils warm.
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Gadgets for keeping your phone charged while driving
Keep your phone full-up on a road trip. (Anton Murygin via Unsplash/) On average, Americans spend just under an hour driving every day. For many, a phone is key to avoiding traffic, catching up on podcasts, listening to playlists, and keeping in touch with family. For all that, your cell needs to stay charged. And, really, there's no reason a commuter can't use that time to charge other devices,
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Rare Genetic Disease: Models and Mechanisms
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Microsoft's secure OneDrive personal vault rolls out worldwide
Earlier this year, Microsoft announced it would beef up security for its OneDrive file hosting service by offering a private files section secured by variety of authentication methods. …
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WhatsApp is taking a page from Snapchat: Leaked screenshots hint at 'self-destructing' feature
WhatsApp could be following in Snapchat's footsteps with new self-destructing messages. Leaked images suggest the app is testing a new feature that lets you set an expiration time for chats.
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Pandora overhauls mobile app to focus on hyper-personalization
Photo by Amelia Holowaty Krales / The Verge Pandora has revamped its smartphone app to focus on personalization, leveraging the data from its Music Genome Project to serve up custom-curated …
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Call of Duty: Mobile is out but good luck trying to play it – CNET
Take the multiplayer action wherever you go when it starts working.
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Omega-3 fish oil supplements linked with lower cardiovascular disease risk
People who received omega-3 fish oil supplements in randomized clinical trials had lower risks of heart attack and other cardiovascular disease (CVD) events compared with those who were given placebo.
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Early life racial discrimination linked to depression, accelerated aging
Early life stress from racial discrimination puts African Americans at greater risk for accelerated aging, a marker for premature development of serious health problems and perhaps a shorter life expectancy, according to a new study.
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"Vi vet ännu mindre om nanoplast än om mikroplast"
Hälsoriskerna med mikroplaster verkar vara få. Hur ser du på rapportens resultat? – Det är bra att WHO svarar på den oro som finns vad gäller mikroplaster, speciellt eftersom man har hittat mikroplaster i både kranvatten och buteljerat vatten. Sedan kanske sättet WHO kommunicerar på är lite märkligt. Rapporten säger ungefär: baserat på det vi vet så är det inte farligt. Men vi vet inte så mycket
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Humanity's emissions '100-times greater' than volcanoes
Human activity churns out up to 100 times more planet-warming carbon each year as all the volcanoes on Earth, says a decade-long study released Tuesday.
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The Year of the Home Run Reaches October
This Major League Baseball regular season has been, by virtually unanimous agreement , the Year of the Home Run. There were 6,776 hit across the majors this year, clearing the previous record by 671. Fourteen teams set new franchise marks for homers. Four of those—the Minnesota Twins, the Los Angeles Dodgers, the New York Yankees, and the Houston Astros—bested the previous record total for any on
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New method improves measurement of animal behaviour using deep learning
Konstanz researchers develop deep learning toolkit for high-speed measurement of body posture in animals.
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A metronome for quantum particles
Physicists in Vienna have found a way to measure the elusive quantum phase of electrons. This enables a new, better view of important phenomena used in photosensors or photovoltaics.
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Immunterapi til mesoteliompatienter kan være alternativ til kemo
Forsøg med immunterapibehandling til patienter med den uhelbredelige lungehindekræft mesoteliom peger på mulig behandlingsgevinst for nogle patientgrupper.
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New research identifies the strengths and weaknesses of super material
Imagine a velvety, soft material that is extremely light, but also strong enough to stop a bullet. This is close to a description of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), a super-plastic material commercially known as Dyneema or Spectra, which is already taking over from the para-aramid fibrous material, Kevlar, in e.g. bullet-proof jackets.
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Scientists quantify global volcanic CO2 venting; estimate total carbon on Earth
Volcanoes, colliding and spreading continental and oceanic plates, and other phenomena re-studied with innovative high-tech tools, provide important fresh insights to Earth's innermost workings, scientists say.
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Discovered new regulation for infant growth
Researchers at the University of Bergen in Norway have identified new genetic signals for the regulation of how infants grow. This may be a crucial step in the fight against growth-related diseases.
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Epilepsy: Function of 'brake cells' disrupted
In some forms of epilepsy, the function of certain "brake cells" in the brain is presumed to be disrupted. This may be one of the reasons why the electrical malfunction is able to spread from the point of origin across large parts of the brain. A current study by the University of Bonn, in which researchers from Lisbon were also involved, points in this direction.
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Chemicals for pharmaceuticals could be made cheaper and greener by new catalysts
High value chemicals used to make pharmaceuticals could be made much cheaper and quicker thanks to a series of new catalysts made by scientists at the University of Warwick in collaboration with GoldenKeys High-Tech Co., Ltd. in China.
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Horse nutrition: Prebiotics do more harm than good
Prebiotics are only able to help stabilise the intestinal flora of horses to a limited degree. Before they can reach the intestines, commercially available supplements partially break down in the animals' stomachs, which can lead to inflammation of the stomach lining. This was discovered by researchers at Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU) and the University of Veterinary Medicine Han
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Full-body interaction videogames enhance social skills in children with autism disorders
Communicating with others is one of the biggest difficulties for autistic children. Asking for help, initiating social interaction and sharing their emotions become skills that require learning through exercises and therapy. Interventions based on games that require the use of technology have proved to facilitate motivation and learning processes in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD).
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NIH researchers develop MRI with lower magnetic field for cardiac and lung imaging condition
National Institutes of Health researchers, along with researchers at Siemens, have developed a high-performance, low magnetic-field MRI system that vastly improves image quality of the lungs and other internal structures of the human body. The new system is more compatible with interventional devices that could greatly enhance image-guided procedures that diagnose and treat disease, and the system
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Revolutionary simple blood tests for diabetic complications, cancer
With a revolutionary new approach that analyzed just a few drops of blood, Northwestern Medicine scientists and international collaborators detected earlier and more accurately if diabetic patients had developed life-threatening vascular complications such as heart disease, atherosclerosis and kidney failure. It is the latest discovery in a new blood-testing technology that Northwestern scientists
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Scientists quantify global volcanic CO2 venting; estimate total carbon on Earth
Reporting on 10 years of Deep Carbon Observatory research, scientists say. Just two-tenths of 1% of Earth's total carbon is above surface; Human CO2 emissions are now 40 to 100 times greater than nature's; And a handful of events over Earth 4.5 billion year existence — immense magmatic eruptions and meteor impacts — have caused catastrophic volumes of carbon out-gassing, leading to a warmer atmo
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UPS Now Runs the First Official Drone Airline
The FAA has granted a Part 135 certification for the logistics giant's drone business, propelling the little fliers closer to a commercial future.
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Maskinbygger måtte ty til forsimplet bin-picking
PLUS. En automationsopgave for toiletsædeproducenten Pressalit endte som Egatecs første favntag med bin-picking – omend løsningen hverken var tilsigtet eller helt traditionel.
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If Hunter Biden Is Fair Game, So Are Trump's Kids
President Trump's forceful claims that he did nothing wrong in his conversation with Ukraine's head of state squares with his short-term political interests. But he's setting a perilous precedent for his children. That wrinkle struck me when I read a defense of Trump in National Review by the Republican political consultant Luke Thompson. In Thompson's telling, the government has a compelling int
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We've totted up all Earth's carbon – and 99 per cent is underground
An epic project has worked out how much carbon there is on Earth. The answer is 1.85 billion billion tonnes – and most of it is underground
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Zuckerberg to 'go to the mat' to fight breakup: Report
Facebook chief Mark Zuckerberg has pledged to "go to the mat" to fight a government attempt to break up the social media giant, according to a report Tuesday based on a leaked audio recording.
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How to bend flat glass perfectly around corners
Researchers from the Fraunhofer Institute for Mechanics of Materials IWM have developed a new process that can bend sheets of glass to produce angular corners. Unlike conventional processes, this does not impair the optical properties of the glass. Bent glass looks destined to play a key role in future building design, and there are also potential applications in the fields of medical technology a
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Novartis and Microsoft join forces to develop drugs using AI
Five-year agreement is one of the most expansive tie-ups between big pharma and big tech
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Målrettet terapi bremser udviklingen af fremskreden prostatacancer
PARP-inhibitoren olaparib forsinkede sygdomsprogression blandt patienter med metastaserende prostatacancer med fire måneder i forhold til ny hormonel behandling, viser resultater fra PROfound-studiet.
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Immunterapi og kemoterapi forlænger progressionsfri overlevelse ved blærekræft
Førstelinjebehandling med atezolizumab og platinbaseret kemoterapi giver to måneder mere uden sygdomsprogression, viser undersøgelse præsenteret på ESMO.
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Why You Shouldn't Worry About China's New 'Hypersonic' Nuclear Death Machine
China already had the power to kill you with nukes. This doesn't change anything, but it could fan the flames of an arms race.
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Blood-Based Epigenetic Screen Tests for Diabetes Complications
Researchers could accurately detect life-threatening vascular complications in type 2 diabetes patients by analyzing hydroxymethylated cytosines in freely circulating DNA.
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A brain protein that could put the brakes on Alzheimer's
University of California, Irvine biologists blazing new approaches to studying Alzheimer's have made a major finding on combating inflammation linked to the disease. The School of Biological Sciences researchers' discovery about the role of a protein called TOM-1 heralds a shift toward examining the molecular underpinnings of Alzheimer's processes. Their paper has just been published in Proceeding
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NUS researchers contribute to a Science paper on high-performance low-cost thermoelectrics
Researchers from the National University of Singapore and Beihang University reported the high-performance SnS thermoelectric crystals combining the desirable features of low-cost, earth-abundant materials and environmental friendliness. For the first time, they discovered the interplay of triple electronic bands leading to the high performance of thermoelectric SnS crystals, which is promoted by
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Neuroimaging reveals hidden communication between brain layers during reading
Language involves many different regions of the brain. Researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics and the Donders Institute at Radboud University discovered previously hidden connections between brain layers during reading, in a neuroimaging study reported in PNAS. The team used laminar Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (lfMRI) to investigate what happens when people read
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How Facebook's Libra Could Kick Off a Digital Currency War
Facebook's plans to launch a digital currency, Libra, has sent shockwaves through the international finance world and may have sounded the starting gun on a digital currency race. The contestants have been preparing for a while, as has the financial sector, watching eagerly f r om the sidelines. Questions abound amongst the spectators. What should central banks around the world do about Libra? Is
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New method improves measurement of animal behavior using deep learning
A new toolkit goes beyond existing machine learning methods by measuring body posture in animals with high speed and accuracy. Developed by researchers from the Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective behavior at the University of Konstanz and the Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, this deep learning toolkit, called DeepPoseKit, combines previous methods for pose estimation with state-of
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Lab-made blood vessels: Mechanics matters
Biodegradable tubes that turn into living blood vessels once implanted in the human body. In an imaginary, modern remake of Fantastic Voyage, Isaac Asimov would probably navigate his submersible through the folds of our cardiovascular system, to figure out how this process occurs. And, he would understand that, regardless of how perfect these tubes look in the lab, once implanted in the human body
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Researchers open a new path to end citric fruit alternate bearing
Researchers of Valencia's Polytechnic University and international collaborators have established the epigenetic mechanism through which citrus fruit inhibits the flowering of citric fruit trees. This discovery is essential to understand alternate bearing, a phenomenon that affects a large number of the most prized citric fruit varieties and which globally accounts for annual losses of around €20
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A metronome for quantum particles
A new measurement protocol, developed at TU Wien (Vienna), makes it possible to measure the quantum phase of electrons—an important step for attosecond physics.
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Whoa! Is That Death Star Wreckage on That Planet?
A physicist analyzes a colossal Easter egg in the latest *Star Wars* trailer. Do the filmmakers understand the gravity of the situation?
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One Free Press Coalition Spotlights Journalists Under Attack
One year later, still no resolution in the Jamal Khashoggi killing, and a diabetic journalist is on a hunger strike in an Azerbaijan prison.
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New method improves measurement of animal behavior using deep learning
A new toolkit goes beyond existing machine learning methods by measuring body posture in animals with high speed and accuracy. Developed by researchers from the Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective behavior at the University of Konstanz and the Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, this deep learning toolkit, called DeepPoseKit, combines previous methods for pose estimation with state-of
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Lab-made blood vessels: Mechanics matters
Biodegradable tubes that turn into living blood vessels once implanted in the human body. In an imaginary, modern remake of Fantastic Voyage, Isaac Asimov would probably navigate his submersible through the folds of our cardiovascular system, to figure out how this process occurs. And, he would understand that, regardless of how perfect these tubes look in the lab, once implanted in the human body
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Researchers open a new path to end citric fruit alternate bearing
Researchers of Valencia's Polytechnic University and international collaborators have established the epigenetic mechanism through which citrus fruit inhibits the flowering of citric fruit trees. This discovery is essential to understand alternate bearing, a phenomenon that affects a large number of the most prized citric fruit varieties and which globally accounts for annual losses of around €20
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High-resolution RNA-sequencing enables detection of disease at its earliest stages
Researchers in Sweden and the U.S. have devised a new method for studying individual cells in human tissue, which could lead to even earlier detection of diseases such as cancer and ALS. The method offers a 1,400-fold increase in spatial resolution.
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High-value chemicals for pharmaceuticals could be made cheaper and greener by new catalysts
High value chemicals used to make pharmaceuticals could be made much cheaper and quicker thanks to a series of new catalysts made by scientists at the University of Warwick in collaboration with GoldenKeys High-Tech Co., Ltd. in China.
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High-resolution RNA-sequencing enables detection of disease at its earliest stages
Researchers in Sweden and the U.S. have devised a new method for studying individual cells in human tissue, which could lead to even earlier detection of diseases such as cancer and ALS. The method offers a 1,400-fold increase in spatial resolution.
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Physicist suggests 'quantum foam' may explain away huge cosmic energy
Steven Carlip, a physicist at the University of California, has come up with a theory to explain why empty space seems to be filled with a huge amount of energy—it may be hidden by effects that are canceling it out at the Planck scale. He has published a paper describing his new theory in the journal Physical Review Letters.
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Science demonstrates that what doesn't kill you makes you stronger
Through advanced data analysis, researchers have established a causal relationship between failure and future success.
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This flat structure morphs into shape of a human face when temperature changes
Researchers have designed 3-D printed mesh-like structures that morph from flat layers into predetermined shapes, such as a human face, in response to changes in ambient temperature.
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How to configure your smart thermostat to save the most money
Saving money with a smart thermostat depends on a lot of factors, including the type of home you live in and your usage. (Dan LeFebvre via Unsplash/) The promise of smart home tech is based on convenience. Why get off the couch when you can automate your lights, TV, and other gadgets, or even turn them on with your voice? Smart thermostats go a step further, claiming they're not only convenient,
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AMD Tweaks Radeon, Ryzen Bundles to Entice Gamers
AMD has announced new incentive programs for gamers considering a Ryzen or Radeon solution. If you're in the market, you'll want to take advantage of these …
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New research identifies the strengths and weaknesses of super material
Scientists have measured how the super-plastic material ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene, commercially known as Dyneema or Spectra, interacts when bolted to other materials. The research has established guidelines and failure maps for use of the material in joints with steel bolts. The research shows that while the material deforms at the joints, it's incredible difficult to actually break
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Record-breaking observations find most remote protocluster of galaxies
An international team of astronomers with participation by researchers from DAWN, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen has discovered a protocluster of galaxies 13.0 billion light years away. This protocluster is the most distant protocluster ever found. The discovery suggests that a large structure such as a protocluster already existed at a time when the universe was only about 800 mil
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New species of parasite is identified in fatal case of visceral leishmaniasis
Phylogenomic analysis shows that pathogen isolated in Brazilian hospital does not belong to the genus Leishmania. Researchers are investigating whether this species alone can cause severe disease or intensifies symptoms in co-infected patients.
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Exposure to BPA in the womb linked to wheezing and poorer lung function in children
Pregnant women exposed to higher levels of the commonly used chemical bisphenol A (BPA) are more likely to have children who suffer with wheezing and poorer lung function, according to research presented at the European Respiratory Society International Congress.
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Just three days in hospital can change the bacteria in your gut
A study of people in an intensive care unit has found that being in hospital can lead to harmful strains of bacteria taking over your microbiome
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How a 'Superwoman' persona affects black women's health
A new study finds positive and negative health effects for African American women who use a "Superwoman" persona to cope with the stress of discrimination. The Superwoman persona refers to the idea of feeling a need to be strong, self-sacrificing, and emotionless, says Yijie Wang, assistant professor of human development and family studies at Michigan State University. Wang and Amani Allen, assoc
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Which comes first: Smartphone dependency or depression?
New research suggests a person's reliance on his or her smartphone predicts greater loneliness and depressive symptoms, as opposed to the other way around.
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Pineapple genome sequences hint at plant domestication in a single step
An international team published their analysis of the genome of the red pineapple, a plant grown for fiber production and as an ornamental.
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Species could buffer reproduction against climate change through sperm and egg plasticity
Beetles have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to reproduce despite warmer temperatures—according to new research from the University of East Anglia.
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Surrogacy advance could aid rare chicken breeds
Hens that cannot produce their own chicks have successfully acted as surrogates for rare chicken breeds.
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Dansk forsøg bliver bekræftet af stort studie på ESMO
Professor Karen-Lise Garm Spindler kunne glæde sig over, at et stort studie om kolerektalcancer, der vil kunne føre til mere præcis behandling, og som bakker op om dansk forsøg med cirkulerende tumor-DNA.
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Godt nyt på vej til patienter med blærecancer
Overlæge Andreas Carus får en optimistisk følelse på ESMO og tror på, at der om to år er nye behandlinger til patienter med blære- og uroteliacancer.
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»Vi har gjort det igen og har ændret standardbehandling«
Overlæge Mansoor Raza Mirza kunne afrunde diskussionen af tre banebrydende studier om PARP-hæmmere til patienter med ovariecancer, der fører til ny standardbehandling i 1. linje. Han tror på, at det kan føre til, at patienter med ovariecancer på et tidspunkt vil blive raske.
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Rotation on an eight-shaped path
Chemical engineers at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) in Munich, Germany, have developed the first molecular motor that enables an eight-shaped movement.
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Species could buffer reproduction against climate change through sperm and egg plasticity
Beetles have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to reproduce despite warmer temperatures—according to new research from the University of East Anglia.
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Surrogacy advance could aid rare chicken breeds
Hens that cannot produce their own chicks have successfully acted as surrogates for rare chicken breeds.
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Sensors ready to monitor bridges during hurricanes
Researchers are starting to gather real-time data on how waves and rising water affect bridges during hurricanes. Civil engineering professor Jennifer Bridge of the University of Florida and her students are investigating how best to provide early warning to communities when a bridge is in danger of failing due to storm damage. Monitoring coastal bridge health could also help engineers design mor
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The Economic Imperative of Reforming STEM Education
To avoid stagnated growth and labor shortfalls, the U.S. must rethink its approach now — Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
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Judge Forces Elon Musk to Hire Back Fired Tesla Union Organizer
Union Busting A federal judge ruled on Friday that Tesla and its CEO, Elon Musk, violated federal labor laws by punishing or attempting to dissuade employees who wanted to organize a union. Administrative law judge Amita Baman Tracy issued a humiliating ruling forcing Tesla to stop impeding union organizers, hire back an employee who was fired over union-related activities, and read a notice clar
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Tougher penalties to protect Sri Lanka elephants after mass deaths
Sri Lanka announced harsher penalties in a bid to protect wild elephants on Tuesday, as investigators probed whether seven jumbos found poisoned over the weekend were killed by villagers.
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Studying a cell's crawling motion in a fluid
Cell motility, the spontaneous movement of cells from one location to another, plays a fundamental role in many biological processes, including immune responses and metastasis. Recent physics studies have gathered new evidence suggesting that mammalian cells do not only crawl on solid substrates, including complex 3-D mediums of a tissues, but can also swim in fluids.
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Tougher penalties to protect Sri Lanka elephants after mass deaths
Sri Lanka announced harsher penalties in a bid to protect wild elephants on Tuesday, as investigators probed whether seven jumbos found poisoned over the weekend were killed by villagers.
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The Economic Imperative of Reforming STEM Education
To avoid stagnated growth and labor shortfalls, the U.S. must rethink its approach now — Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
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Upgrades aim to improve deep brain stimulation
Upgrading deep brain stimulation devices could help make them smarter and less intrusive. Doctors use deep brain stimulation (DBS) to treat people with essential tremor, Parkinson's disease, and other conditions . A research team at the Center for Neurotechnology at the University of Washington, a National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center, is working to improve the technology. Along
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What did ancient crocodiles eat? Study says as much as a snout can grab
To study the diet of ancient crocodiles, two researchers combined mathematical analyses of the animals' shapes, surveys of modern crocodiles' diet, modeling methods for reconstructing the diet of fossil groups, and forensic-style interpretations of damaged bones from the distant past.
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Fruit flies live longer with combination drug treatment
A triple drug combination has been used to extend the lifespan of fruit flies by 48 percent in a new study.
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Molecular mechanism of botanical folk medicines used to treat hypertension
Common herbs, including lavender, fennel and chamomile, have a long history of use as folk medicines used to lower blood pressure. In a new study, researchers explain the molecular mechanisms that make them work.
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Collapse of desert bird populations likely due to heat stress from climate change
Last year, biologists discovered that bird populations in the Mojave Desert had crashed over the past 100 years. The biologists now have evidence that heat stress is a key cause. Simulations with a computerized 'virtual bird' suggest that with higher temperatures, birds need more water to keep cool. Larger insectivores or carnivores should be most affected, and small seed-eaters less so if drinkin
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Bacteria bullets target toxic algae
Communities across the United States and around the world, along salty bays to freshwater lakes, increasingly are grappling with the dangerous effects of microscopic algae that suddenly grow out of control in these waters. This dramatic growth may be triggered by storms, a glut of nutrients, rising temperatures and potentially other factors.
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Researchers develop 3-D printing substrate with dynamic bonds for adjustable properties
Fantastic shapes can be made using 3-D printing, but for many applications the material used needs to be much stronger than what is currently available. This is something that chemists in Eindhoven are working on: "The material used by the current generation of 3-D printers is similar to spaghetti. We're making spaghetti that sticks together like Velcro."
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Bacteria bullets target toxic algae
Communities across the United States and around the world, along salty bays to freshwater lakes, increasingly are grappling with the dangerous effects of microscopic algae that suddenly grow out of control in these waters. This dramatic growth may be triggered by storms, a glut of nutrients, rising temperatures and potentially other factors.
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GoPro Hero8 Black And Max Action Cams Debut With Funky Mods
GoPro cameras were the only action cameras out there for a while, but that's definitely not the case today. There are a bunch of different competitors targeting the action market. In July, …
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Users need to consent to online tracking cookies: EU court
Online companies in the EU can no longer present internet users with a pre-checked box telling them cookies will be planted on their smartphone or computer if they don't deselect the option, …
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Study exposes insider trading on Australian stock market
Insider trading by company directors and associates trading on the Australian Security Exchange (ASX) is rife, according to new research from The ANU.
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Why the world should care about the future of the Amazon
Two months after visiting Manu National Park in the Peruvian Amazon for Prof. Alex Trillo's tropical terrestrial biology course, a group of Gettysburgians are now in shock.
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Growing HCA crystals
Zoë Fisher and Katarina Koruza from the ESS Deuteration and Macromolecular Crystallization (DEMAX) Support lab and Lund University have been using vapor diffusion methods to grow large protein crystals for neutron techniques as part of SINE2020's Crystal Growth work package. However, as well as being able to grow crystals large enough for these techniques, they also want to make them deuterated. D
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Face masks could raise pollution risks
Nature, Published online: 01 October 2019; doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02938-1 People can get a false sense of security from flimsy gauze, and linger too long outdoors in toxic air, argue Wei Huang and Lidia Morawska.
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From the archive
Nature, Published online: 01 October 2019; doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02907-8 How Nature reported the mystery of where houseflies go during the winter in 1919, and a spectacular fossil find from 1969.
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Østbanen: Lokaltog sænker hastigheden på slidte skinner
Passagererne på Østbanens lokaltog kan se frem til længere rejsetider og færre afgange.
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Egypt displays looted coffin returned from New York's Met
Egypt displayed a gilded ancient coffin from the first century B.C. on Tuesday, which New York's Metropolitan Museum of Art returned last week after U.S. investigators determined it to be a looted antiquity.
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Indonesia scraps plans to close komodo dragon island
Indonesia has scrapped plans to ban tourists from an island home to komodo dragons and will instead limit visitor numbers and raise entry prices to create a "premium destination", officials said.
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Ancient artifacts returned to Iran from US university
The Iranian government says that nearly 1,800 ancient artifacts have arrived in Iran as part of the return of thousands of antiquities loaned decades ago to the University of Chicago.
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Did long ago tsunamis lead to mysterious, tropical fungal outbreak in Pacific northwest?
The Great Alaskan Earthquake of 1964 and the tsunamis it spawned may have washed a tropical fungus ashore, leading to a subsequent outbreak of often-fatal infections among people in coastal regions of the Pacific Northwest, according to a paper co-authored by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and the nonprofit Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), an af
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EPA's proposed coal ash amendments will boost risk of toxic contamination, study finds
Allowing coal ash to be spread on soil or stored in unlined pits and landfills will raise the risk that several toxic elements, including carcinogenic hexavalent chromium, could leach out of the coal ash and contaminate nearby water supplies across the U.S., according to preliminary findings from a new Duke University study.
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Indonesia scraps plans to close komodo dragon island
Indonesia has scrapped plans to ban tourists from an island home to komodo dragons and will instead limit visitor numbers and raise entry prices to create a "premium destination", officials said.
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Did long ago tsunamis lead to mysterious, tropical fungal outbreak in Pacific northwest?
The Great Alaskan Earthquake of 1964 and the tsunamis it spawned may have washed a tropical fungus ashore, leading to a subsequent outbreak of often-fatal infections among people in coastal regions of the Pacific Northwest, according to a paper co-authored by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and the nonprofit Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), an af
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Down Amongst the Water Molecules
This new paper shows one reason why it's so tricky to calculate compound binding in an active site (which is what we'd want to do in order to do effective in silico virtual screening). The authors (a multicenter team from York, Demuris, Vernalis, and St. Jude) are looking at a virulence protein from H. influenzae called SiaP. It binds sialic acid, but it also binds a whole set of water molecules
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How to Prime Preschoolers for Success
The best programs teach kids language skills and focusing abilities through innovative, child-centered activities — Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
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Hæmatologi-professor: Vi nærmer os fælles biologiske algoritmer
De målrettede behandlinger, som hæmatologien beskæftiger sig med, byder på værdifuld fælles information på tværs af vidt forskellige kræftsygdomme, siger Aarhus-professoren Francesco d'Amore, der holdt oplæg på ESMO.
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Crocodile-killing bacteria identified by researchers
A groundbreaking study by a north Australian research team which identified a deadly bacterium responsible for killing saltwater crocodiles at a Top End Wildlife Park has recently been published in the journal, Microbial Genomics.
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Protozoans and pathogens make for an infectious mix
Single celled organisms in the environment are protecting pathogenic bacteria and priming them for human infection, an international team of researchers has discovered.
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Advanced imaging reveals ancient inscriptions on 2,000-year-old pottery
A Columbian College of Arts and Sciences professor is using cutting-edge imaging technology to decipher the inscriptions on fragments of broken pottery excavated more than 50 years ago in Jordan. The fragments, long thought to be lost, were recently rediscovered.
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Crocodile-killing bacteria identified by researchers
A groundbreaking study by a north Australian research team which identified a deadly bacterium responsible for killing saltwater crocodiles at a Top End Wildlife Park has recently been published in the journal, Microbial Genomics.
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Protozoans and pathogens make for an infectious mix
Single celled organisms in the environment are protecting pathogenic bacteria and priming them for human infection, an international team of researchers has discovered.
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A step toward controlling soybean rust
The United States is the world's leading soybean producer, and soybeans are used to produce biodiesel. The fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi causes Asian Soybean Rust (ASR) and is the major pathogen of soybean. Left uncontrolled, soybean rust could reduce crop yields by as much as 90 percent.
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Fish may be key to controlling growth of reef bacteria
In response to local and global climate stressors, a type of bright red bacteria has proliferated on reefs worldwide often snuffing the life out of precious corals and changing the reef ecosystem.
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Baby sharks know when to run away from hurricanes
When a hurricane is coming, even baby sharks get out of the way.
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A step toward controlling soybean rust
The United States is the world's leading soybean producer, and soybeans are used to produce biodiesel. The fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi causes Asian Soybean Rust (ASR) and is the major pathogen of soybean. Left uncontrolled, soybean rust could reduce crop yields by as much as 90 percent.
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Fish may be key to controlling growth of reef bacteria
In response to local and global climate stressors, a type of bright red bacteria has proliferated on reefs worldwide often snuffing the life out of precious corals and changing the reef ecosystem.
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Baby sharks know when to run away from hurricanes
When a hurricane is coming, even baby sharks get out of the way.
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Deuteration of molecules using enzymes
Typical routes for making per-deuterated molecules for neutron scattering use chemical methods that are unsuitable for molecules with sensitive functional groups, for example the use of metal catalysts, high temperature and high pressure. Therefore, Task 5.3 in SINE2020's Chemical Deuteration work package explored the use of enzyme catalysts that are efficient, very molecule specific and generate
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A new polythene-B4C based concrete for shielding
Shielding plays an important role at neutron sources for both radiation safety and for minimizing background noise in neutron experiments. Shielding is regularly made from concrete, which contains hydrogen atoms that help to slow down neutrons.
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Astronomers identify four globular cluster planetary nebulae candidates
Astronomers from Chile and Argentina report the detection of four new planetary nebulae (PN) candidates residing in galactic globular clusters (GCs). If confirmed, the discovery would double the number of known PNe in galactic GCs. The finding is presented in a paper published September 19 on the arXiv pre-print server.
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Everything You Need to Enjoy One Tech-Free Day a Week
If you're going to ditch your phone for a technology Shabbat (and you totally should), you'll need a few bits of gear that date back to the disco era.
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Netflix, Save Yourself and Give Me Something Random to Watch
I want off the Netflix carousel. Please give me an "I Feel Lucky" button for entertainment.
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The Timeless Futurism of Jeanette Winterson's 'Frankissstein'
The author's latest novel reanimates Mary Shelley's classic for a world where life and identity have all new meanings.
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How to Prime Preschoolers for Success
The best programs teach kids language skills and focusing abilities through innovative, child-centered activities — Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
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Mechanisms of real-time speech interpretation in the human brain revealed
Scientists have come a step closer to understanding how we're able to understand spoken language so rapidly, and it involves a huge and complex set of computations in the brain.
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A closer look at monogamy and polygamy in brood parasitic birds
Researchers have discovered that cowbirds conform to Bateman's Principle, despite investing no energy into parental care. Surprisingly, 75% of the cowbirds in the system were monogamous. Future research will expand upon these findings and broaden the understanding of how cowbirds might select the nests they parasitize, what role the males could play to assist the females, and why monogamy could be
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German fishermen's skepticism towards EU impedes compliance with its regulations
Negative perception of a regulatory authority diminishes the honesty of those regulated. This is the conclusion of an experiment with EU-skeptic commercial fishermen and Brexit voters. The findings can help to assess the effectiveness of unmonitored EU fisheries regulations.
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Cannabis study reveals how CBD offsets the psychiatric side-effects of THC
Researchers have shown for the first time the molecular mechanisms at work that cause cannabidiol, or CBD, to block the psychiatric side-effects caused by tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main psychoactive chemical in cannabis.
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First prostate cancer therapy to target genes delays cancer progression
For the first time, prostate cancer has been treated based on the genetic makeup of the cancer, resulting in delayed disease progression, delayed time to pain progression, and potentially extending lives in patients with advanced, metastatic prostate cancer, reports a large phase 3 trial. This marks a significant advance for prostate cancer treatment, which has lagged behind other common cancers w
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Breast cancer: New data on cohort with recurrence score 26-100 shows 93% cancer-free rate at 5 years
In the prospective TAILORx trial, 93% of women with hormone-sensitive, HER2-negative, axillary node-negative breast cancer and a high Recurrence Score 26-100 were estimated to be cancer-free at five years. This outcome was much better than expected with endocrine therapy alone. The finding adds to limited data on outcomes with a high RS of 26-100, treated with taxane and/or anthracycline-containin
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Så kan svarta hål se ut från olika håll
Materia som dras in mot det svarta hålet samlas i en virvlande skiva, upphettad av den häftiga rörelsen. Visualiseringen bygger på beräkningar av hur skivan rör sig, och hur ljuset kröks utanför det svarta hålet. Strukturen av mörkare och ljusare band uppkommer på grund av magnetiska virvlar i kombination med att olika delar av skivan rör sig olika fort.
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Using nanomachines to help fight the war on diabetes
Anti-diabetic drugs may become cheaper and more accessible thanks to a breakthrough from CSIRO, Australia's national science agency.
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Researchers synthesize 'impossible' superconductor
Researchers from the U.S., Russia, and China have bent the rules of classical chemistry and synthesized a "forbidden" compound of cerium and hydrogen—CeH9—which exhibits superconductivity at a relatively low pressure of 1 million atmospheres. The paper came out in Nature Communications.
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Chemists synthesize perseanol for the first time
A team of chemists at California Institute of Technology has totally synthesized perseanol using a 16-step process for the first time. In their paper published in the journal Nature, the group describes their process and how well it worked.
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Why magnetism in certain materials is different in atomically thin layers and their bulk forms
Researchers led by MIT Department of Physics Professor Pablo Jarillo-Herrero last year showed that rotating layers of hexagonally structured graphene at a particular "magic angle" could change the material's electronic properties from an insulating state to a superconducting state. Now researchers in the same group and their collaborators have demonstrated that in a different ultra-thin material t
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Earth could warm even faster as climate change progresses
As climate change continues, the rate at which Earth warms could increase in the future, according to new simulations. Researchers used a state-of-the-art climate model to successfully simulate—for the first time—the extreme warming of the Early Eocene Period, which scientists consider an analog for Earth's future climate. The researchers found that the rate of warming increased dramatically as c
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Coral bleaching is caused by more than just heat
Analysis of reef damage in the Indo-Pacific during the 2016 El Nino reveals that several stressors influence bleaching.
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New Zealand could be lifeboat to save humanity from extinction in a catastrophic pandemic, researchers say
New Zealand, Australia and Iceland could act as island refuges to save humanity from extinction in the event of a catastrophic global pandemic, researchers have found.
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Coral bleaching is caused by more than just heat
Analysis of reef damage in the Indo-Pacific during the 2016 El Nino reveals that several stressors influence bleaching.
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Island reveals rising tide of plastic waste
A remote island in the southern Atlantic Ocean reveals the scale of the problem of plastic waste facing our seas.
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Ny modell kan räkna fram mer exakt risk för demens
MCI (Mild cognitive impairment) är ett tidigt tecken på att minnet börjar försämras. Det kan till exempel visa sig genom att personen börjar glömma sådant man tidigare kommit ihåg eller får nedsatt koncentrationsförmåga. MCI – mild kognitiv svikt MCI (Mild cognitive impairment) är ett begrepp som har flera olika namn på svenska. Bland annat kallas MCI för mild kognitiv svikt eller lindrig kogniti
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How artificial intelligence will impact self-employment
People who are self-employed in some of the lowest paid and most popular jobs are at the greatest risk of being displaced by artificial intelligence (AI), according to new research from the University at Buffalo School of Management.
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Humanism
noun. a system of social organization in which the reward-motivated behavior of its members is modified to serve the propagation of human influence and welfare of human beings, through the advancement of science, technology, and philosophy. submitted by /u/IcySteam [link] [comments]
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Austrian researchers develop most precise time measurement ever. Can measure the quantum phase of electrons to the attosecond, billionths of a billionth of a second.
submitted by /u/lughnasadh [link] [comments]
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New concept with anthraquinone-based organic cathode advances aluminum battery technology. "concept for an aluminum battery delivering twice the energy density as previous versions, made of abundant materials, and with the potential to reduce production costs and environmental impact."
submitted by /u/solar-cabin [link] [comments]
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NY governor announces $3M for municipalities to purchase zero-emissions vehicles and infrastructure
submitted by /u/solar-cabin [link] [comments]
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Bad ancestors: does the climate crisis violate the rights of those yet to be born? Our environmental vandalism has made urgent the question of ethical responsibilities across decades and centuries – "The eyes of all future generations are upon you"
submitted by /u/mvea [link] [comments]
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Starship Launch Animation
submitted by /u/QuantumThinkology [link] [comments]
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Hyundai hires a NASA engineer to run its new 'flying car' division
submitted by /u/mvea [link] [comments]
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How does climate change affect mountainous watersheds that provide water?
The image of huge chunks of ice breaking away from glaciers and ice sheets, then floating out to sea in Earth's most remote places, may be the most iconic symbol of a warming planet. And while most people will never see these familiar phenomena up close, what's happening within some of the iciest settings still affects people and regions thousands of miles away.
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Getting to the root of carbon storage in deep soils
Land use changes, nutrient depletion, and drought can make plant roots grow deeper into the soil. But scientists question how that growth affects carbon in the soil. Could more roots reaching deep soil layers result in more carbon being sequestered? Or will this root-driven mineral weathering unlock older carbon in deep soils? Combining advanced imaging techniques, scientists examined the impact o
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What If Planet 9 Is Actually a Tiny Black Hole?
Scientists have had a hard time agreeing on how many planets there are in the solar system. Most experts will tell you there are eight that we know of, but some people like NASA's Jim Bridenstine (and Jerry Smith) think Pluto should be among them . There's increasing evidence of another planet out there at the extreme edge of the solar system, but a new analysis suggests that may not be a planet
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Ny metod kan förhindra hjärnskador hos nyfödda
Var tionde bebis som föds behöver någon form av hjälp för att få igång andningen. Kommer inte andningen igång finns det risk att barnet får skador, exempelvis hjärnskador. Nu undersöker ett team på Skånes universitetssjukhus och Lunds universitet om skadorna minskar om man avvaktar med att klippa navelsträngen.
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Jellyfish's 'superpowers' gained through cellular mechanism
Jellyfish possess the ability to regenerate body parts. A team of Japanese scientists has now revealed the cellular mechanisms that give jellyfish these remarkable regenerative powers. Their findings were published on August 26, 2019 in PeerJ.
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The hidden ark: How a grassroots initiative can help save fish from extinction
Freshwater fish are a highly diverse group representing nearly half of all fish species. Due to accelerating human activities, they are also the most threatened vertebrate group, and are disappearing faster than they can be described. Currently, half of all freshwater fish species are still not formally assessed by conservation organizations, such as the International Union for Conservation of Nat
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Researchers employ low-cost sensors to detect and track the origins of air pollutants in India
At any moment in Delhi, India, a resident might start their car, releasing exhaust that floats into the atmosphere. In northwest India, a farmer might set fire to his field after the wheat harvest to clear it quickly, releasing smoke that'll be carried by the wind. A small family might burn wood to light their stove, releasing soot into the sky. Delhi, a city which boasts a population of over 28 m
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Jellyfish's 'superpowers' gained through cellular mechanism
Jellyfish possess the ability to regenerate body parts. A team of Japanese scientists has now revealed the cellular mechanisms that give jellyfish these remarkable regenerative powers. Their findings were published on August 26, 2019 in PeerJ.
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The hidden ark: How a grassroots initiative can help save fish from extinction
Freshwater fish are a highly diverse group representing nearly half of all fish species. Due to accelerating human activities, they are also the most threatened vertebrate group, and are disappearing faster than they can be described. Currently, half of all freshwater fish species are still not formally assessed by conservation organizations, such as the International Union for Conservation of Nat
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Did long ago tsunamis lead to mysterious, tropical fungal outbreak in Pacific northwest?
The Great Alaskan Earthquake of 1964 and the tsunamis it spawned may have washed a tropical fungus ashore, leading to a subsequent outbreak of often-fatal infections among people in coastal regions of the Pacific Northwest, according to a paper co-authored by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and the nonprofit Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), an af
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Doing the right thing: Authors retract paper on autism and social clues after realizing an error
A team of researchers in Europe has retracted a 2016 paper on how people with autism process social cues after finding an error in their analysis. The article, "Social Bayes: using Bayesian modeling to study autistic trait–related differences in social cognition," appeared in Biological Psychiatry, an Elsevier journal. The senior author of the paper is … Continue reading
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Dutch tractor protest sparks 'worst rush hour'
There were about 1,100km (700 miles) of jams as farmers reacted to plans to cut nitrogen emissions.
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Superstore Is TV's Most Interesting Workplace Sitcom
This story contains spoilers for the first episode of Superstore 's fifth season. Unfair labor practices might not seem like obvious fodder for prime-time comedy, but NBC's Superstore has tangled with the subject often since its 2015 debut. The sitcom, set at a fictional mega-retailer called Cloud 9, ended its last season on a note that felt pointed by the show's usual standards. Eager to quash w
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Electron switch may get us closer to quantum computers
A new method of relaying information by transferring the state of electrons moves scientists one step closer to creating fully functional quantum computers. Quantum computing has the potential to revolutionize technology, medicine, and science by providing faster and more efficient processors, sensors, and communication devices. But transferring information and correcting errors within a quantum
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We are all complicit in harassment and abuse
Nature, Published online: 01 October 2019; doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02944-3 To combat bad behaviour, researchers must collectively create ways to take responsibility, says Virginia Valian.
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India pushes for alternatives to animals in biomedical research
Nature, Published online: 01 October 2019; doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02947-0 Organs-on-a-chip and other technologies are becoming reliable models for testing drug efficacy and toxicity.
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Sikkerhedsstyrelsen politianmelder producent bag havarerende vindmøller
Husstandsvindmøller fra KVA Vind skulle opdateres gratis efter påbud fra Sikkerhedsstyrelsen. Alligevel har KVA Vind krævet betaling.
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Humans will definitely bring microbes to Mars—so we might as well bring our favorites
NASA's Curiosity rover was cleaned but not fully sterilized, so it likely has thousands of bacterial spores on it. An astronaut would be even germier. (NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS/) We may like to think of ourselves as independent agents, but our reliance on microbes to digest our food and fight off diseases makes us far from isolated. Foreign germs actually outnumber more familiar bits of our bodies l
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PlayStation Doubles Down on Cloud Gaming Starting … Now
With a price cut and a new commitment to high-profile games, Sony's PlayStation Now makes its case to customers.
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Facebook Watch and the Emotion-Harvesting Future of Television
I spent a couple weeks watching the social network's video channel. The shows there were very engaging … perhaps too engaging.
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Authority Figures: Movie Talk and the Rise of Review Culture
I like to watch movies. I also like to watch people who have watched movies talk about the movies … even when I haven't seen the movies myself.
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The Problem With YouTube's Terrible Closed 'Craptions'
In the absence of manually transcribed captions, YouTube's algorithm supplies auto-generated ones. The nonsensical results hurt everyone.
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Virtual Reality Therapy for PTSD
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) results from exposure to traumatic events. Soldiers in war, for example, are at high risk of PTSD because of repeated exposure over time. But even a single event, like experiencing the attacks on 9/11, can cause PTSD. The prevalence in the US is about 8.7%. Symptoms include: "the development of characteristic symptoms, such as distressing memories or dreams a
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Image of the Day: Meteorite Under the Scope
Artist Carol Roullard specializes in microcrystal photography.
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Beekeepers Seek Resistance to the Honeybee's Most Fearsome Enemy
Facing the scourge of a parasitic Asian mite, commercial beekeepers are trying to breed a resistant strain—but other threats loom — Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
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Beekeepers Seek Resistance to the Honeybee's Most Fearsome Enemy
Facing the scourge of a parasitic Asian mite, commercial beekeepers are trying to breed a resistant strain—but other threats loom — Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
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Why Was 'Oumuamua So Weird? New Research Tries to Track Its Origins.
Obviously, some chain of unfortunate events led to the ejection of 'Oumuamua from its home system. But what could possibly cause such a catastrophe?
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Could the Moon Act As a Fishing Net for Extraterrestrial Life?
The moon's surface could act as a fishing net for extraterrestrial life, preserving the remains of organisms or even technology from beyond our solar system.
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Study finds rising ozone a hidden threat to corn
Like atmospheric methane and carbon dioxide, ground-level ozone is on the rise. But ozone, a noxious chemical byproduct of fossil fuel combustion, has received relatively little attention as a potential threat to corn agriculture.
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Nanoparticles wiggling through mucus may predict severe COPD
In a proof-of-concept experiment, researchers say they have successfully used microscopic human-made particles to predict the severity of patients' chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by measuring how quickly the particles move through mucus samples. The technique, say the researchers, could eventually help doctors deliver more effective treatments sooner.
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