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Human impacts on global freshwater fish biodiversity
Freshwater fish represent one-fourth of the world's vertebrates and provide irreplaceable goods and services but are increasingly affected by human activities. A new index, Cumulative Change in Biodiversity Facets, revealed marked changes in biodiversity in >50% of the world's rivers covering >40% of the world's continental surface and >37% of the world's river length, whereas
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Cholangiocyte organoids can repair bile ducts after transplantation in the human liver
Organoid technology holds great promise for regenerative medicine but has not yet been applied to humans. We address this challenge using cholangiocyte organoids in the context of cholangiopathies, which represent a key reason for liver transplantation. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we show that primary human cholangiocytes display transcriptional diversity that is lost in organoid culture. H
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Mechanism of membrane-tethered mitochondrial protein synthesis
Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) are tethered to the mitochondrial inner membrane to facilitate the cotranslational membrane insertion of the synthesized proteins. We report cryo–electron microscopy structures of human mitoribosomes with nascent polypeptide, bound to the insertase oxidase assembly 1–like (OXA1L) through three distinct contact sites. OXA1L binding is correlated with a serie
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Prospective mapping of viral mutations that escape antibodies used to treat COVID-19
Antibodies are a potential therapy for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), but the risk of the virus evolving to escape them remains unclear. Here we map how all mutations to the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 affect binding by the antibodies in the REGN-COV2 cocktail and the antibody LY-CoV016. These complete maps uncover a single amino acid mutation that f
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Mentor as you'd want to be mentored
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Clinically relevant mutations in core metabolic genes confer antibiotic resistance
Although metabolism plays an active role in antibiotic lethality, antibiotic resistance is generally associated with drug target modification, enzymatic inactivation, and/or transport rather than metabolic processes. Evolution experiments of Escherichia coli rely on growth-dependent selection, which may provide a limited view of the antibiotic resistance landscape. We sequenced and analyzed E. co
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Microbial single-cell RNA sequencing by split-pool barcoding
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has become an essential tool for characterizing gene expression in eukaryotes, but current methods are incompatible with bacteria. Here, we introduce microSPLiT (microbial split-pool ligation transcriptomics), a high-throughput scRNA-seq method for Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria that can resolve heterogeneous transcriptional states. We applied micr
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Absolute and arbitrary orientation of single-molecule shapes
DNA origami is a modular platform for the combination of molecular and colloidal components to create optical, electronic, and biological devices. Integration of such nanoscale devices with microfabricated connectors and circuits is challenging: Large numbers of freely diffusing devices must be fixed at desired locations with desired alignment. We present a DNA origami molecule whose energy lands
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Recurrent evolution of vertebrate transcription factors by transposase capture
Genes with novel cellular functions may evolve through exon shuffling, which can assemble novel protein architectures. Here, we show that DNA transposons provide a recurrent supply of materials to assemble protein-coding genes through exon shuffling. We find that transposase domains have been captured—primarily via alternative splicing—to form fusion proteins at least 94 times independently over
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Plant evolution driven by interactions with symbiotic and pathogenic microbes
During 450 million years of diversification on land, plants and microbes have evolved together. This is reflected in today's continuum of associations, ranging from parasitism to mutualism. Through phylogenetics, cell biology, and reverse genetics extending beyond flowering plants into bryophytes, scientists have started to unravel the genetic basis and evolutionary trajectories of plant-microbe
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De novo design of transmembrane {beta} barrels
Transmembrane β-barrel proteins (TMBs) are of great interest for single-molecule analytical technologies because they can spontaneously fold and insert into membranes and form stable pores, but the range of pore properties that can be achieved by repurposing natural TMBs is limited. We leverage the power of de novo computational design coupled with a "hypothesis, design, and test" approach to det
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Inferring the effectiveness of government interventions against COVID-19
Governments are attempting to control the COVID-19 pandemic with nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). However, the effectiveness of different NPIs at reducing transmission is poorly understood. We gathered chronological data on the implementation of NPIs for several European and non-European countries between January and the end of May 2020. We estimated the effectiveness of these NPIs, which
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Implant improves balance for people with inner ear disorder
A surgically-implanted stimulator could ease walking, relieve dizziness, and improve quality of life for people with bilateral vestibular hypofunction—loss of the inner ears' balance. Getting around without the need to concentrate on every step is something most of us can take for granted because our inner ears drive reflexes that make maintaining balance automatic. For about 1.8 million adults w
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Neoadjuvant combination immunotherapy improves outcomes for early stage non-small cell lung cancer
The first randomized Phase II clinical trial to report on single and combined neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in stage I-III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) found combination therapy produced a significant clinical benefit.
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Deep learning may help doctors choose better lung cancer treatments
Researchers have developed a deep learning model that, in certain conditions, is more than 71 percent accurate in predicting survival expectancy of lung cancer patients, significantly better than traditional machine learning models that the team tested. The other machine learning models the team tested had about a 61 percent accuracy rate.
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New UCF study examines leeches for role in major disease of sea turtles in Florida
University of Central Florida researchers are homing in on the cause of a major disease of sea turtles, with some of their latest findings implicating saltwater leeches as a possible factor. The results, published recently in the journal Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, present the first evidence of a significant association between leeches and the disease in sea turtles, according to the researcher
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
Baby whale found dead on beach south of Israel's Tel Aviv
Israeli officials said Thursday that a dead whale has washed up on a beach south of Tel Aviv.
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Baby whale found dead on beach south of Israel's Tel Aviv
Israeli officials said Thursday that a dead whale has washed up on a beach south of Tel Aviv.
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Internet trends suggest COVID-19 spurred a return to earlier values and activities
American values and attitudes have changed dramatically during COVID-19, report researchers, including UCLA Professor Patricia Greenfield, in a new study of online behavior that analyzed more than half a billion words and phrases posted on Twitter, blogs and internet forums. This may be the largest analysis of socio-cultural change, using behavioral data, ever conducted in psychology.
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Promoting and protecting human milk and breastfeeding during COVID-19
With stressors mounting daily on the health care system due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a de-prioritization of the childbearing family has been noted. Their care has changed, resulting in mothers forced to go through labor and birth without their partners, parents barred from NICU visitation, and discharge of mothers and newborns early without enough expert lactation care.
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En miljon år gammalt dna belyser mammutarnas historia
För en miljon år sedan levde mammutar på den sibiriska stäppen. Nu har forskare extraherat genetiskt material från mammutbetar som legat begravda i permafrosten – och kartlagt stora delar av mammutarnas genom. Forskarna vid Centrum för paleogenetik i Stockholm har analyserat världens hittills äldsta kända dna, från mammutar som levde för upp till 1,2 miljoner år sedan. Kartläggningen avslöjar att
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Genetics may play role in determining immunity to COVID-19
UC San Diego researchers report that individual immune response to SARS-CoV-2 may be limited by a set of variable genes that code for cell surface proteins essential for the adaptive immune system. The finding may help explain why COVID-19 immunity varies by individual.
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COVID-19 in Africa is severely underestimated, finds Zambia study by Boston University
A new Boston University School of Public Health (BUSPH) study in Lusaka, Zambia's capital, challenges the common belief that Africa somehow 'dodged' the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings indicate that low numbers of reported infections and deaths across Africa may simply be from lack of testing, with the coronavirus taking a terrible but invisible toll on the continent.
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South American lizard's blood pressure mechanism is more efficient at cool temperatures
The black and white tegu lizard, which depends on external environmental factors to regulate body temperature, can survive swings between 15 and 35 degrees Celsius in a single day while keeping blood pressure steady.
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Paper: STEM skills gap modest among IT help desk workers
The incidence of prolonged hiring difficulties for workers with science and technology backgrounds is consistent with persistent hiring frictions and not a 'skills gap' in the labor market for information technology help desk workers, one of the largest computer occupations in the US, says new research by U. of I. labor professor Andrew Weaver.
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
The distribution of vertebrate animals redefines temperate and cold climate regions
The distribution of vegetation is routinely used to classify climate regions worldwide, yet whether these regions are relevant to other organisms is unknown. Umeå researchers have established climate regions based on vertebrate species' distributions in a new study published in eLife. They found that while high-energy climate regions are similar across vertebrate and plant groups, there are large
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The distribution of vertebrate animals redefines temperate and cold climate regions
The distribution of vegetation is routinely used to classify climate regions worldwide, yet whether these regions are relevant to other organisms is unknown. Umeå researchers have established climate regions based on vertebrate species' distributions in a new study published in eLife. They found that while high-energy climate regions are similar across vertebrate and plant groups, there are large
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STEM skills gap modest among IT help desk workers
Workers with science, technology, engineering and math backgrounds are typically in high demand—but the demand isn't so overwhelming that a 'skills gap' exists in the labor market for information technology help desk workers, one of the largest computer occupations in the U.S., says new research from a University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign expert who studies labor economics and work issues.
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Spotted lanternfly: Research accelerates in effort to contain invasive pest
When the invasive spotted lanternfly arrived in the United States in 2014, it was immediately recognized for the threat it posed to native plants and crops. A community of researchers and experts in science, agriculture, and government sprang into action to respond, improving our chances for containing the pest and curbing its potential for damage.
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
Spotted lanternfly: Research accelerates in effort to contain invasive pest
When the invasive spotted lanternfly arrived in the United States in 2014, it was immediately recognized for the threat it posed to native plants and crops. A community of researchers and experts in science, agriculture, and government sprang into action to respond, improving our chances for containing the pest and curbing its potential for damage.
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Mindfulness benefits hinge on who's around
When it comes to the success of mindfulness-based meditation programs, the instructor and the group are often more significant than the type or amount of meditation practiced. For people who feel stressed, anxious, or depressed, meditation can offer a way to find some emotional peace. Structured mindfulness-based meditation programs, in which a trained instructor leads regular group sessions feat
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Study: Preschoolers with higher cardiorespiratory fitness do better on cognitive tests
Researchers report that 4-6-year-old children who walk further than their peers during a timed test – a method used to estimate cardiorespiratory health – also do better on cognitive tests and other measures of brain function. Published in the Journal of Clinical Medicine, the study suggests that the link between cardiorespiratory fitness and cognitive health is evident even earlier in life than p
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Deep seabed mining must benefit all humankind
As investors set their sights on the mineral resources of the deep seabed, the International Seabed Authority (ISA) is developing regulations that will govern their future exploration and possible exploitation. A new IASS Policy Brief, published in cooperation with the Federal Environment Agency (UBA), presents three recommendations to ensure that future deep seabed mining would be to the common b
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How lithium-rich cathode materials for high energy EV batteries store charge at hig
High energy storage batteries for EVs need high capacity battery cathodes. New lithium-excess magnesium-rich cathodes are expected to replace existing nickel-rich cathodes but understanding how the magnesium and oxygen accommodate charge storage at high voltages is critical for their successful adaption. Research led by WMG, University of Warwick in collaboration with US researchers employed a ran
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Wolves prefer to feed on the wild side
When there is a choice, wolves in Mongolia prefer to feed on wild animals rather than grazing livestock. This is the discovery by a research team from the University of Göttingen and the Senckenberg Museum Görlitz. Previous studies had shown that the diet of wolves in inland Central Asia consists mainly of grazing livestock, which could lead to increasing conflict between nomadic livestock herders
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Surface testing for SARS-CoV2 in hematology/oncology settings reveals negligible detection
Researchers from Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, the state's only National Cancer Institute-designated Comprehensive Cancer Center, evaluated the frequency of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, on various environmental surfaces in outpatient and inpatient hematology/oncology settings located within Rutgers Cancer Institute and Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, an RWJBarnaba
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Human impact on solar radiation levels for decades
Based on the long-term Potsdam radiation time series, ETH Professor Martin Wild and his collaborators have shown that variations in the intensity of sunlight over decades are down to ultra-fine, man-made dirt particles in the atmosphere.
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Human brain taps into visual cues when lacking a sense of touch – study
Evidence that a sense of our physical selves can develop even without the sense of touch has been uncovered in a new study by researchers in the UK and the United States.
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Social tool tracks brand reputation in real time and over the long term
An international team of researchers has developed a tool for assessing brand reputation in real time and over time. In a demonstration that looked at leading brands, the researchers found that changes in a given brand's stock shares reflected real-time changes in the brand's reputation.
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Investigating the wave properties of matter with vibrating molecules
The working group led by Prof. Stephan Schiller, Ph.D. from Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf (HHU) has used a novel, high-precision laser spectroscopic experiment to measure the internal vibration of the simplest molecule. This allowed the researchers to investigate the wave character of the motion of atomic nuclei with unprecedented accuracy. They present their findings in the current edition
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Pandemic got you down? A little nature could help
Researchers have long been aware of the positive impact of a connection with nature on psychological health and, according to a new study published in the journal Personality and Individual Differences, the pandemic hasn't decreased the power of nature to improve mental well-being.
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The distribution of vertebrate animals redefines temperate and cold climate regions
The distribution of vegetation is routinely used to classify climate regions worldwide, yet whether these regions are relevant to other organisms is unknown. Umeå researchers have established climate regions based on vertebrate species' distributions in a new study published in eLife. They found that while high-energy climate regions are similar across vertebrate and plant groups, there are large
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Shale gas development in PA increases exposure of some to air pollutants
Air pollution levels may have exceeded air quality standards during the development of some Marcellus Shale natural gas wells in Pennsylvania, potentially impacting more than 36,000 people in one year alone during the drilling boom, according to Penn State scientists.
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LHC/ATLAS: A unique observation of particle pair creation in photon-photon collisions
Creation of matter in an interaction of two photons belongs to a class of very rare phenomena. From the data of the ATLAS experiment at the LHC, collected with the new AFP proton detectors at the highest energies available to-date, a more accurate – and more interesting – picture of the phenomena occurring during photon collisions is emerging.
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Older adults and antibiotics: Study shows healthy attitudes but unhealthy practices
While most adults over 50 understand that overuse of antibiotics is a problem, and say they're cautious about taking the drugs, a sizable minority have used antibiotics for something other than their original purpose, and appear to think the drugs could help treat colds, which are caused by viruses not bacteria.
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A study with 1,600 dogs: More than 20 gene loci associated with canine hip dysplasia
An extensive study on canine hip dysplasia conforms to the polygenic background of the disease. Genes located in different chromosomes have a strong association with a protein modification process previously linked to inflammatory arthritis.
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Giant predatory worms roamed the seafloor until 5.3 million years ago
An international study in which the University of Granada participated–recently published in the journal Scientific Reports–has identified a new fossil record of these mysterious animals in the northeast of Taiwan (China), in marine sediments from the Miocene Age (between 23 and 5.3 million years ago). These organisms, similar to today's Bobbit worm (Eunice aphroditois), were approximately 2 m l
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
How location dictates biological clocks of species: Study in beetles offers new insights
One of the most intriguing features in all living beings is the 'biological clock,' an internal time-keeping mechanism that governs our behavioral pattern (such as the sleep-wake cycle). In fact, the biological clock dictates the developmental timing of various processes, such as when flowers bloom and insects reproduce. Biologists refer to these activities collectively as circadian rhythms, owing
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Smartphone study points to new ways to measure food consumption
A team of researchers has devised a method using smartphones in order to measure food consumption—an approach that also offers new ways to predict physical well-being.
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How location dictates biological clocks of species: Study in beetles offers new insights
One of the most intriguing features in all living beings is the 'biological clock,' an internal time-keeping mechanism that governs our behavioral pattern (such as the sleep-wake cycle). In fact, the biological clock dictates the developmental timing of various processes, such as when flowers bloom and insects reproduce. Biologists refer to these activities collectively as circadian rhythms, owing
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An efficient method for separating O-18 from O-16, essential for use in cancer treatment
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) plays a major role in the early detection of various types of cancer. A research group led by Specially Appointed Professor Katsumi Kaneko of the Research Initiative for Supra-Materials (RISM), Shinshu University have discovered a method to separate oxygen-18 from oxygen-16, an essential isotope for PET diagnosis, at high speed and high efficiency. The results of
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Ny professor i psykiatrisk sygepleje
Tværfaglig forskning i psykiatrisk sygepleje bliver styrket med ansættelsen af psykolog Julie Midtgaard som ny professor og forskningsleder på Psykiatrisk Center Glostrup.
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Selective concentration of cationic species
Sample pretreatment processes such as concentration or classification are essential to finding trace substances present in a fluid. In scientific communities recently, prolific research is being conducted on sample pretreatment techniques utilizing electrokinetics. However, due to the lack of commercial anion-permselective material—an essential component—its potential application is limited to onl
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Locked MOFs are the key to high porosity
A highly porous metal organic framework, assembled from molecular building blocks designed to lock together in a specific orientation, has been developed by researchers at KAUST.
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Unexpected decrease in ammonia emissions due to COVID-19 lockdowns
Most Chinese working in the cities return to work today after a seven-day public holiday, Spring Festival. The annual Spring Festival, which also marks the start of Chinese New Year, traditionally begins with the second new moon following the winter solstice, usually in January or February. Like westerners on Thanksgiving and Christmas, people across China return to their hometown to reunite with
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Study reveals a new potential mechanism underlying loss of muscle mass during menopause
A new study conducted in collaboration between the universities of Minnesota (USA) and Jyväskylä (Finland) reveals that estrogen deficiency alters the microRNA signalling in skeletal muscle, which may activate signalling cascades leading to loss of muscle mass.
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Smartphone study points to new ways to measure food consumption
A team of researchers has devised a method using smartphones in order to measure food consumption–an approach that also offers new ways to predict physical well-being.
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Rådande teori är jorden uppstod genom kollisioner mellan asteroider som klumpades ihop, och att det tog mellan 30 till 100 miljoner år för Tellus att få sin nuvarande form och storlek. Men, ny forskning visar att vår planet snarare bildades av millimeterstora småstenar som sögs ihop till en himlakropp och att det "bara" tog fem miljoner år. För cirka 4 550 miljoner år sedan bildades vårt planetsy
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Climate change concern unaffected by pandemic, study shows
Covid-19 has not made people any less concerned about climate change – despite the pandemic disrupting and dominating many aspects of their lives, a study suggests.Over a period of 14 months – including the first three months of the Covid-19 lockdown – neither concern about climate change nor belief in the severity of the problem declined in the UK, the research found.
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Hospital hygiene: A closer look reveals realistic frequency of infection
A research team led by Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and the University of Bern found a correlation between the frequency of infections after surgery and performance in quality audits. Lower surgical site infection rates correlate with a lower audit score. In other words, looking more closely reveals more reported infections. Recommendations for possible correction are presented.
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I, the obstacle — dogs show body-awareness, a new component of mental self-representation
Dogs understand the relationship between their body and the environment in a problem solving task. Researchers found that dogs can recognise their body as an obstacle, which ability is one of the basic manifestations of self-representation in humans. Self-representation is the ability of holding information in one's own mental model about themselves. In humans this capacity reached an extremely co
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Scientists identify over 140,000 virus species in the human gut
Viruses are the most numerous biological entities on the planet. Now researchers at the Wellcome Sanger Institute and EMBL's European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) have identified over 140,000 viral species living in the human gut, more than half of which have never been seen before.
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COVID-19: Over 20.5 million years of life may have been lost due to COVID-19
Over 20.5 million years of life may have been lost due to COVID-19 globally, with an average of 16 years lost per death, according to a study published in Scientific Reports.
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3-dimensionally printed nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2 testing
This is a diagnostic study that examines the accuracy and acceptability of a 3-dimensionally printed swab for identifying SARS-CoV-2.
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Exposure to spoken communication in children with cochlear implants during COVID-19 lockdown
This study examined how lockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic changed the spoken communication environments of children with cochlear implants by comparing the sounds they were exposed to before and during the resulting closures of schools and nonessential businesses.
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PTSD in patients after severe COVID-19 infection
Characteristics associated with posttraumatic stress disorder in patients after severe COVID-19 were analyzed in this observational study.
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Store fat or burn it? Targeting a single protein flips the switch
As obesity becomes a growing issue worldwide – nearly tripling over the last-half century – scientists are trying to gain a better understanding of the condition at the molecular level. Now, new research led by UC San Francisco scientists suggests that a single protein could play an outsize role in weight gain.
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UNEP synthesis of scientific assessments provides blueprint to secure humanity's future
The UN Secretary-General and Executive Director of UNEP launch "Making Peace with Nature," a year-long synthesis of major UN scientific assessments. This summary underscores the level of emergency documented and reveals an intersection of common conclusions that clearly identify core policy change priorities.The new report also prescribes priority actions required of every major segment of society
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Gut microbiome implicated in healthy aging and longevity
The gut microbiome is an integral component of the body, but its importance in the human aging process is unclear. ISB researchers and their collaborators have identified distinct signatures in the gut microbiome that are associated with either healthy or unhealthy aging trajectories, which in turn predict survival in a population of older individuals. The work is set to be published in the journa
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Increasing temperatures will hit meat and milk production in East Africa
Heat stress will detrimentally impact futurelivestock production in East Africa without urgent adaptation measures.
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Giving oxygen to the question of air quality
Volatile alkanes can rapidly acquire oxygen atoms in a free radical chain reaction, a process significant for fuel combustion and air pollution.
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Animal behaviour: Dogs may have body-awareness and understand consequences of own actions
Dogs may be able to recognize their own body as an obstacle and also understand the consequences of their own actions, according to a study involving 32 pet dogs published in Scientific Reports .
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Scientists entered people's dreams and got them 'talking'
Dreaming experiments involved real-time conversations between sleepers and scientists
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Giving oxygen to the question of air quality
The simplest of organic molecules have a much more complex relationship with oxygen than previously thought. Researchers from KAUST and their international collaborators have shown that alkanes participate extensively in autoxidation reactions with oxygen molecules. The discovery, which overturns current chemical wisdom, has implications for air quality prediction and efficient fuel combustion in
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A novel gel electrophoresis technique for rapid biomarker diagnosis via mass spectrometry
Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis enables high-resolution separation of proteins extracted from biological samples, but it requires more than one day of pretreatment to recover the separated proteins trapped inside the gel for detection by mass spectrometry. BAC-DROP, our novel electrophoresis technology, uses a dissolvable form of polyacrylamide gel, which allows sample pretreatment to be comple
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Blueprint for fault-tolerant qubits
Building a quantum computer is a challenging task because of the fragility of quantum bits. To deal with this problem, various types of active error correction techniques have been developed. In contrast, researchers from Jülich and Aachen together with partners from Basel and Delft have now proposed a design for an inherently fault protected circuit with passive error correction that could signif
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Physics of tumours: Cancer cells become fluidised and squeeze through tissue
Working with colleagues from Germany and the US, researchers at Leipzig University have achieved a breakthrough in research into how cancer cells spread. The team of biophysicists led by Professor Josef Alfons Käs, Steffen Grosser and Jürgen Lippoldt demonstrated for the first time how cells deform in order to move in dense tumour tissues and squeeze past neighbouring cells. They have now publishe
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New revelations of tiger genomes
A new study reveals differences in the genomic history of tiger subspecies, pointing to the importance of understanding evolutionary history for future conservation
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Selective concentration of cationic species
POSTECH Professor Geunbae Lim Develops a Multiscale-Porous Anion Exchange Membrane.
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Quantum computing: when ignorance is wanted
Quantum technologies for computers open up new concepts of preserving the privacy of input and output data of a computation. Scientists from the University of Vienna, the Singapore University of Technology and Design and the Polytechnic University of Milan have shown that optical quantum systems are not only particularly suitable for some quantum computations, but can also effectively encrypt the
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Magnetic attraction: Breakthrough test for malaria
After nearly a decade of research, a new test that detects the magnetic properties of malaria-infected blood could soon be used to help eliminate the mosquito-borne disease.
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Unexpected decrease in ammonia emissions due to COVID-19 lockdowns
Scientists introduced machine learning algorithms to models that separated meteorological influences and confirmed that the actual atmospheric ammonia concentration dropped to a new minimum during the 2020 Spring Festival at both urban and rural sites.
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Perception critical to women's breast reconstruction decision making
Women who undergo surgical treatment for breast cancer often also have reconstructive surgery but new research from QUT in Australia reveals many feel left out of the decision making process. Approximately one in every three women surveyed stated their surgeon had more input than they did.
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Biochemistry News – Chemistry News
Giving oxygen to the question of air quality
The simplest of organic molecules have a much more complex relationship with oxygen than previously thought. Researchers from KAUST and their international collaborators have shown that alkanes participate extensively in autoxidation reactions with oxygen molecules. The discovery, which overturns current chemical wisdom, has implications for air quality prediction and efficient fuel combustion in
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Deadly winter storm pushes into eastern US
A deadly winter weather system that brought record-busting cold to the southern and central United States, knocking out power for millions in oil-rich Texas, pushed up the East Coast Thursday as heavy snowfall and icy buildups disrupted coronavirus vaccinations.
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[R] Predictive coding is a consequence of energy efficiency in recurrent neural networks
submitted by /u/sigh_ence [link] [comments]
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A discord server that you will enjoy!
An academic hub where casual conversation, personal expression, and intellectual exploration are all encouraged! An internet refuge to discuss humanities and sciences within a welcoming and inclusive community! An adaptive environment that will grow and develop with its members! Soul Sanctum : where heart, mind, and spirit meet. Come join us, and see what you think! https://discord.gg/Aqu7vyEY5j
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submitted by /u/markmana [link] [comments]
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Can I conduct structural equation modeling (for mediation-moderation) with qEEG data?
I know how to conduct it but I used it for just self report data and for mediation/moderation analysis. This time, I will have EEG data (ERP). I would like to conduct the same mediation/moderation by using EEG data theoretically reflects the same cause x effect relationship. submitted by /u/helloiambrain [link] [comments]
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Need good college recommendations for cogsci (not in the US)
Hello, I'd like to know if there's any good universities for an undergrad in cogsci focused more on AI outside of the US. It's such an interesting field which has soo much potential and I wanna learn what it's about. Maybe a bit of a cheaper cost course since I'm prolly gonna be an international student… Any recommendations will be greatly appreciated. Cheers!! submitted by /u/weebsempai69420 [
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Chomsky – "Language is the basis of cognizance" – what do you understand by this statement?
Well, first – what do you understand by the word, "cognition"? It's meaning, implications, practical applications? And therefore, how do you understand language as being its base? Quotation was taken from Lex Fridmans interview with him at MIT (can link if necessary) https://youtu.be/cMscNuSUy0I This interview is also stupid – but he alludes again language being the basis of our cognizance – in t
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Meditations on the intersection of humanity and technology | Olivia Arthur
Documentary photographer Olivia Arthur has been exploring a new frontier: the evolution of the blurring line between humanity and technology. In this meditative talk, she shows her work documenting the remarkable ways humans have merged with machines — from bionics and motorized limbs to synthetic muscles and strikingly realistic robots — and offers wisdom on the complexity, adaptability and res
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Optimizing Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) Manufacturing
Scientists wield nature's power to optimize adeno-associated virus (AAV) production and maximize gene therapy safety.
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
Eco-fusion is the new normal, as native and non-native species mix together
The ruddy duck, originally from North America, was introduced to Britain as an ornamental wildfowl in the 1940s and soon spread throughout the country. Only after a decade or more of expensive culling, has this non-native duck been largely removed.
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Eco-fusion is the new normal, as native and non-native species mix together
The ruddy duck, originally from North America, was introduced to Britain as an ornamental wildfowl in the 1940s and soon spread throughout the country. Only after a decade or more of expensive culling, has this non-native duck been largely removed.
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Researchers discover affordable method for production of transparent solar cells
Physicists from ITMO University have discovered an accessible method that makes it possible to use transparent materials for solar cells while preserving their efficiency. The new technology is based on the method of doping—the modification of properties of materials by way of adding impurities—but without the use of expensive special-purpose equipment. Results of this research have been published
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New tool assesses brand reputation in real time and in the long term
An international team of researchers has developed a framework for assessing brand reputation in real time and over time, and built a tool for implementing the framework. In a proof of concept demonstration looking at leading brands, the researchers found that changes in a given brand's stock shares reflected real-time changes in the brand's reputation.
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Energy-harvest technology to make roads safer
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are an emerging technology that harvests the freely available mechanical energy from daily human activities.
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New piece of the puzzle increases understanding of speciation
Speciation is important because it increases biodiversity. A thesis from the University of Gothenburg examines the speciation process in multiple marine species where different populations of the same species might evolve into two completely new species.
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Decades of terroir debate settled: Weather and soil crucial to making great whisky
A new academic study has provided conclusive proof of terroir's influence on whisky, settling an industry-dividing debate for both whisky drinkers and producers alike.
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How location dictates biological clocks of species: Study in beetles offers new insights
Biological clocks are ubiquitous in living organisms and govern their behavioral pattern, from sleep-wake cycle to reproduction. Although they are well-understood, how they differ based on geographic location is unclear. In a new study, scientists from Japan report variations in the biological clocks of red flour beetles across the country, offering new insights into how they work.
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Locked MOFs are the key to high porosity
Sophisticated geometry design gives rise to a new form of crystalline material.
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A new piece of the HIV infection puzzle explored
Researchers from the European Molecular Biology Laboratory and Heidelberg University Hospital combine high-resolution imaging to observe the infection process in cell nuclei, opening the door for new therapeutics.
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Discovery of biomarker could help predict Alzheimer's years before symptoms emerge
A unique brain protein measured in the blood could be used to diagnose Alzheimer's disease decades before symptoms develop, according to new Edith Cowan University (ECU) research.
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University of Tsukuba researchers calculated the electronic structure of topological insulators excited by laser beams and found that massless states can be generated. This work may lead to a major advance in computer technology with circuits that generate less heat.
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
New piece of the puzzle increases understanding of speciation
Speciation is important because it increases biodiversity. A thesis from the University of Gothenburg examines the speciation process in multiple marine species where different populations of the same species might evolve into two completely new species.
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
More than 20 gene loci associated with canine hip dysplasia
An extensive study on canine hip dysplasia conforms to the polygenic background of the disease. Genes located in different chromosomes have a strong association with a protein modification process previously linked to inflammatory arthritis.
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More than 20 gene loci associated with canine hip dysplasia
An extensive study on canine hip dysplasia conforms to the polygenic background of the disease. Genes located in different chromosomes have a strong association with a protein modification process previously linked to inflammatory arthritis.
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Transit-oriented development causing displacement
Transit-oriented development—which concentrates high-density housing, commercial activities and public spaces around a rapid transit station—can both be a boon and a bane for communities, suggests a new UBC study.
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Radioactive 'cement' may be a safer way to treat spinal tumors
A radioactive bone cement that's injected into bone to provide support and local irradiation is proving to be a safer alternative to conventional radiation therapy for bone tumors, according to a new study. This brachytherapy cement placed into spinal bones directly irradiates tumors without harming the spinal cord. Further, the radioactive material will stay localized in the bones, which promise
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Penn-developed CAR T therapy shows long-lasting remissions in non-hodgkin lymphoma
A significant number of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) patients in a Penn Medicine-initiated clinical trial continue to be in remission five years after receiving the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy Kymriah, researchers in Penn's Abramson Cancer Center reported today in the New England Journal of Medicine.
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The Atlantic Daily: 4 Reasons the Pandemic Is Slowing Down
Every weekday evening, our editors guide you through the biggest stories of the day, help you discover new ideas, and surprise you with moments of delight. Subscribe to get this delivered to your inbox . Getty / The Atlantic The pandemic's grip is loosening. As we reported last week, cases are down 57 percent from the country's all-time peak in early January . For the first time since November, t
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Supercomputer turns back cosmic clock
Astronomers have tested a method for reconstructing the state of the early Universe by applying it to 4000 simulated universes using the ATERUI II supercomputer at the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ). They found that together with new observations the method can set better constraints on inflation, one of the most enigmatic events in the history of the Universe. The method can sh
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'Classic triad' of symptoms misses positive COVID-19 cases, study finds
Extending the symptoms that trigger a PCR test for COVID-19 could help detect around a third more cases of the disease.
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Impervious to cold? A gene helps people to ward off the chills
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00433-0 A mutation that is common in northern Europe is less so in Africa.
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Daily briefing: ESA is recruiting the first astronauts with disabilities
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00455-8 European Space Agency seeks parastronauts, real-world evidence for COVID vaccine safety and thunderstorm gamma rays could solve the mystery of lightning.
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Cone snail venom shows potential for treating severe malaria
Using venom from a cone snail, a first-of-its-kind study suggests these conotoxins may potentially treat malaria. The study provides important leads toward the development of new and cost-effective anti-adhesion or blockade-therapy drugs aimed at counteracting the pathology of severe malaria. Similarly, mitigation of emerging diseases like COVID-19 also could benefit from conotoxins as potential i
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TGen-led study confirms cell-free DNA in urine as potential method for cancer detection
What if a simple urine sample could detect cancer in its very earliest stages when the disease responds more favorably to treatment and improved outcomes are more likely? That was the question posed by scientists at the Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), who have found a way of zeroing in on early-stage cancer by analyzing short strands of cell-free DNA in urine. Their study's findi
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Detecting Subvisible Particles in Protein Therapeutics
New flow imaging microscopy technology visualizes a broad range of subvisible particles hidden in therapeutic suspensions.
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Bee diversity keeps colonies healthy
The most diverse bee communities have the lowest levels of three common viral pathogens, according to a new analysis of thousands of native and nonnative bees. Researchers netted and trapped more than 4,000 bees from 60 species at winter squash farms across the state of Michigan, where both managed honey bee colonies and wild native bees pollinate the squash flowers. All but one species— Apis mel
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Transit-oriented development causing displacement: study
Transit-oriented development–which concentrates high-density housing, commercial activities and public spaces around a rapid transit station–can both be a boon and a bane for communities, suggests a new UBC study.
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Increasingly fragmented tiger populations may require 'genetic rescue'
A new study reveals the lasting genetic impacts of increased isolation among different tiger subpopulations.
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A potentially dangerous side effect of testosterone therapy for transgender men is an increase in red blood cells that can raise the risk of blood clots, heart attack or stroke, according to a new study published in the Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.
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Immunosuppressive cell and cytokine response linked to bone nonunion
An abnormal suppression of the immune system linked to the onset of numerous diseases has been associated with poor functional regeneration of traumatic bone injuries. The discovery could guide a path for predicting which trauma patients may are less likely to respond to treatment.
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Waste into wealth: Harvesting useful products from microbial growth
Anca Delgado, a researcher in the Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology at Arizona State University, has been exploring how bacteria can convert organic waste into useful products. In a new study, she describes for the first time how the chain elongation processes are carried out by microorganisms under normal conditions in soil.
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Youth exposed to natural disasters report low post-traumatic stress
A study of over 1,700 U.S. young people exposed to four major hurricanes found that just a few of them reported chronic stress, and the trajectories among most youth reflected recovery or low-decreasing post-traumatic stress (PTS) symptoms, according to recently published research. The inquiry combined data from four studies of youths ages six to 16 who attended schools near the respective destruc
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Crocodile blood in Panama reveals evolutionary surprise
American crocodiles live on the Caribbean and Pacific coasts of the Neotropics but they arrived in the Pacific before Panama existed, say researchers. These crocodiles ( Crocodylus acutus ) are resilient animals from a lineage that has survived for over 200 million years. Skilled swimmers, crocodiles can travel long distances and live in freshwater to marine environments. But they can't roam far
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Brushing 'gold standard' for pet dental health
To help bring more awareness about pet's oral health, February is National Pet Dental Health Month in Canada and the United States.
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
Brushing 'gold standard' for pet dental health
To help bring more awareness about pet's oral health, February is National Pet Dental Health Month in Canada and the United States.
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
Don't disturb the cockatoos on your lawn, they're probably doing all your weeding for free
Australians have a love-hate relationship with sulfur-crested cockatoos, Cacatua galerita. For some, the noisy parrots are pests that destroy crops or the garden, damage homes and pull up turf at sports ovals.
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D-Wave demonstrates performance advantage in quantum simulation of exotic magnetism
Researchers at D-Wave Systems published a milestone study in collaboration with scientists at Google, demonstrating a computational performance advantage, increasingwith both simulation size and problem hardness, to over 3 million times that of corresponding classical methods. This work was achieved on a practical application with real-world implications, simulating the topological phenomena behin
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Don't disturb the cockatoos on your lawn, they're probably doing all your weeding for free
Australians have a love-hate relationship with sulfur-crested cockatoos, Cacatua galerita. For some, the noisy parrots are pests that destroy crops or the garden, damage homes and pull up turf at sports ovals.
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The effectiveness of zinc and vitamin C on the duration of COVID-19 infections
Vitamin C and zinc have been heralded as treatments for colds for decades, but how well do they work against COVID-19? A new clinical trial provides the answer. The post first appeared on Science-Based Medicine .
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Bacteria-based concrete offers climate benefits
"The building industry emits huge volumes of CO2", says SINTEF researcher Simone Balzer Le, who is part of a cross-disciplinary research team currently developing a biological cement called BioZEment. "The manufacture of cement, which is a binding agent in concrete, alone accounts for more than five percent of global greenhouse gas emissions."
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Why the curriculum should be based on students' readiness, not their age
I handed down the final report of a two-year review of the New South Wales school curriculum in June 2020. One of the review's key recommendations was to introduce what I called "untimed syllabuses." This is where students who need more time for their learning are given it, and those ready to move on to the next stage are able to do so.
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A secret, two-note formula tugs heartstrings in movies
Can a few seconds' worth of music convey the triumph of civil rights hero Martin Luther King Jr., the price he paid to achieve it and yet presage the struggles to come in our own time?
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Parents, educators and policymakers have faced rising concerns about what students have lost academically during a year of school closures and online learning. Until recently, however, they've lacked concrete evidence about what exactly those losses look like.
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
Our turtle program shows citizen science isn't just great for data, it makes science feel personal
Citizen science is ripe with benefits. Programs can involve hundreds, sometimes thousands, of volunteers who collect reliable, long-term and geographically widespread data. These people donate their time for a cause (or just for fun).
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Our turtle program shows citizen science isn't just great for data, it makes science feel personal
Citizen science is ripe with benefits. Programs can involve hundreds, sometimes thousands, of volunteers who collect reliable, long-term and geographically widespread data. These people donate their time for a cause (or just for fun).
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Forskere vil reducere prisen på havvind med ni procent
PLUS. Gigantiske havvindmøller på 14+ MW udfordrer de modeller, der danner grundlag for design og vedligeholdelse af havvindparker. Forskningsprojekt vil mindske usikkerheden og dermed spare industrien for en masse penge.
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Capitol unrest linked with Trump-voting 'islands,' proximity to Proud Boys chapters
Americans who lived near chapters of the far-right Proud Boys organization were more likely to have attended the Jan. 6 rally that turned into a riot on the U.S. Capitol, according to a new research from a University of Chicago scholar.
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A novel gel electrophoresis technique for rapid biomarker diagnosis via mass spectrometry
Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis enables high-resolution separation of proteins extracted from biological samples, but it requires more than one day of pretreatment to recover the separated proteins trapped inside the gel for detection by mass spectrometry. BAC-DROP, our novel electrophoresis technology, uses a dissolvable form of polyacrylamide gel, which allows sample pretreatment to be comple
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Survey reveals how pandemic has changed consumers' food habits
Old habits die hard, but a pandemic will create new ones—whether it's more frequent handwashing or more nights cooking at home.
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How damselfish and mysid shrimp co-exist in mutually beneficial relationship
Throughout nature, there are instances of animals aiding one another and living together in mutually beneficial relationships that have helped shape the world's landscapes and biodiversity.
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Searching for life in NASA's Perseverance Mars samples
NASA's Mars 2020 Perseverance rover will be the agency's ninth mission to land on the Red Planet. Along with characterizing the planet's geology and climate, and paving the way for human exploration beyond the Moon, the rover is focused on astrobiology, or the study of life throughout the universe. Perseverance is tasked with searching for telltale signs that microbial life may have lived on Mars
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Improving stroke treatment with a modified therapeutic molecule
A research team from the Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS) has improved the protective effect of a molecule against ischemic stroke, which is caused by an interruption of blood flow to the brain. The results of the study, conducted in collaboration with a Spanish team, were published in the Communications Biology of Nature Research journal.
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Biochemistry News – Chemistry News
Skies of blue: Recycling carbon emissions to useful chemicals and reducing global warming
Rapid global urbanization has dramatically changed the face of our planet, polluting our atmosphere with greenhouse gases and causing global warming. It is the need of the hour to control our activities and find more sustainable alternatives to preserve what remains of our planet for the generations to come.
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
How damselfish and mysid shrimp co-exist in mutually beneficial relationship
Throughout nature, there are instances of animals aiding one another and living together in mutually beneficial relationships that have helped shape the world's landscapes and biodiversity.
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Skies of blue: Recycling carbon emissions to useful chemicals and reducing global warming
Rapid global urbanization has dramatically changed the face of our planet, polluting our atmosphere with greenhouse gases and causing global warming. It is the need of the hour to control our activities and find more sustainable alternatives to preserve what remains of our planet for the generations to come.
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Kate Brown's "Plutopia": book review
A book review about the history of two nuclear communities, one capitalist, one socialist, and their toxic legacies.
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Publisher Correction: Epifluorescence-based three-dimensional traction force microscopy
Scientific Reports, Published online: 18 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83840-7
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PLUS. Hvis der skal lokal biogas i gasrøret til Lolland, kræver det yderligere milliard-tilskud til to nye biogasanlæg på Lolland og Falster, bekræfter biogas-entrepenøren, Nature Energy. Energiprofessor er overrasket
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Forskning & Framsteg – För dig som är nyfiken på allvar
Så kan nätmobbning minskas bland unga
Det finns många internationellt beprövade metoder för att minska nätmobbning, enligt en ny forskningsöversikt från Statens medieråd, som två forskare i psykologi vid Göteborgs universitet står bakom.
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A heat-radiating material goes sideways to keep its cool
Nature, Published online: 18 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00428-x Thanks to an unusual orientation, a cooling system maintains an internal temperature 12 ˚C lower than the outside air on a clear, sunny day.
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The UK's first national lockdown from March 2020 and its immediate aftermath saw a massive shift in consumer habits that was initially mandated but then lingered as shops and restaurants opened but risks from the virus remained.
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Avlopp från sjukhus gynnar antibiotikaresistenta bakterier
Sjukhusavlopp, som innehåller förhöjda halter av antibiotika, kan snabbt avdöda känsliga bakterier medan de multiresistenta fortsätter att växa, visar forskning från Göteborgs universitet. I sjukhusens avloppssystem kan det därför finnas risk för att av nya former av resistens utvecklas. Att avloppsvatten från sjukhus innehåller antibiotika från patienters urin och avföring är känt sedan tidigare
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Nyheder – Forskning – Videnskab
Misforstået hensyn til alle holdninger forstærker klimaskepsis
Mange af os kan uforskyldt være med til at understøtte den klimaskepsis, der vokser frem i…
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Towards tellurium-free thermoelectric modules for power generation from low-grade heat
Nature Communications, Published online: 18 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21391-1 Though earth abundant magnesium-based materials are attractive for thermoelectrics (TEs) due to their device-level performance, realizing efficient modules remains a challenge. Here, the authors report a scalable route to realizing Mg-based compounds for high performance TE modules.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Experimental evidence for the existence of a second partially-ordered phase of ice VI
Nature Communications, Published online: 18 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21351-9 Water ice exhibits several hydrogen-ordered and disordered phases and it's unclear if a disordered phase can transform into only one ordered phase. Here, the authors identify a partially hydrogen-ordered phase at high pressure, ice XIX, as the second hydrogen-ordered phase of ice VI beside ice XV.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 18 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-20901-5 Experimental demonstration of quantum speedup that scales with the system size is the goal of near-term quantum computing. Here, the authors demonstrate such scaling advantage for a D-Wave quantum annealer over analogous classical algorithms in simulations of frustrated quantum magnets.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 18 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21365-3 Early-life adversity is thought to increase the risk of psychopathology through epigenetic mechanisms. Here, the authors profile 6 histone marks, chromatin states and DNA methylation in the lateral amygdala in subjects with a history of early-life adversity.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 18 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21476-x Social impairment and anhedonia are common negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. Here, the authors show that the histamine H1 receptor in cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain has a critical role in sensorimotor gating, social behaviour, and anhedonia-like behaviour in mice.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 18 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21297-y The mechanisms that shape the regulatory T cell repertoire in patients with cancer are not completely understood. Here, the authors observe that, in breast cancer patients, tumor-resident regulatory T cells do not show clonal relationship with their circulating counterpart, but share a common origin with int
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 18 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21403-0 There is a renewed interest in Faraday waves patterns in the field of nonlinear metamaterials due to their tunable templating capacity. Kharbedia et al. show that free-standing water surfaces with ordered patterns can be generated and controlled by the Faraday waves with help of stiffening surfactants.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Eltrombopag directly inhibits BAX and prevents cell death
Nature Communications, Published online: 18 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21224-1 The BCL-2 family protein BAX functions to regulate mitochondria-driven cell death. Here the authors show that the drug Eltrombopag inhibits BAX and prevents apoptosis induced by cytotoxic stimuli.
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Novo Nordisk sætter nye standarder for fedmebehandling med nyt semaglutid-studie
Fase 3-studie med høje doser af semaglutid som vægttabsbehandling viser meget gode resultater. Det er en markant ændring i de behandlingstilbud, der er til rådighed for personer med svær overvægt, siger Jens Meldgaard Bruun, overlæge ved Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, der har været en del af det nye studie.
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Högstadielärare mest drabbade av att skolor hålls öppna
En jämförelse mellan föräldrar med barn i årskurs 9 och gymnasiets första år visar att övergången till distansundervisning spelade liten roll för den allmänna smittspridningen. Men att smittspridningen bland högstadielärare var dubbelt så hög som bland gymnasielärare. – Av 124 yrkesgrupper var högstadielärarna den sjunde mest drabbade, säger Helena Svaleryd, professor vid nationalekonomiska insti
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 18 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83693-0
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Clinical outcomes and risk factors of hepatopulmonary syndrome in children
Scientific Reports, Published online: 18 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83785-x
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 18 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83820-x
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 18 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83712-0 Surgical results of the resection of spinal meningioma with the inner layer of dura more than 10 years after surgery
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 18 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83302-0
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Subseasonal relationship between Arctic and Eurasian surface air temperature
Scientific Reports, Published online: 18 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83486-5
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 18 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83733-9
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(Re)Shaping cities to combat inequality
Communities worldwide are trying to address inequality. One promising approach could be to look at the design of a city, according to research with real-world data in the journal Nature Communications. An international team of scientists, including members of the Complexity Science Hub Vienna (CSH), show that urban planning directly influences the formation of social networks in a city and subsequ
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Gulf war illness not caused by depleted uranium from munitions, study shows
Inhalation of depleted uranium from exploding munitions did not lead to Gulf War illness (GWI) in veterans deployed in the 1991 Persian Gulf War, a new study co-authored by a leading researcher of the disease at UT Southwestern suggests. The findings, published today in Scientific Reports, help eliminate a long-suspected cause of GWI that has attracted international concern for three decades.
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Three years ago, chemists at the University of Innsbruck found evidence for the existence of a new variety of ice. Until then, 18 types of crystalline ice were known. The team led by Thomas Loerting now reports in Nature Communications on the elucidation of the crystal structure of ice XIX using neutron diffraction.
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Forskning & Framsteg – För dig som är nyfiken på allvar
Svampar i berggrunden bildar växthusgas
Siljansringen är Europas största meteoritkrater. Den har en diameter på över 50 kilometer och bildades för 380 miljoner år sedan. Det är känt sedan länge att det finns naturgas, metan, i dess berggrund, men gasens ursprung har varit svår att fastställa. Metan är en kraftig växthusgas som kan bildas när mikroorganismer bryter ner biologiskt material i en syrefri miljö, exempelvis våtmark. Men att f
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Learning lifeline for London kids struggling to do online lessons
In a community centre in a deprived London suburb—surrounded by old computers and tangled leads—volunteers take their screwdrivers to the piles of donated equipment.
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However, UK supermarkets and online retailers made an additional £4 billion each thanks to the coronavirus lockdown that began in March last year, according to recent estimates.
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Diagnostics company SphingoTec GmbH announced today that two distinct processes are involved in the development of septic shock and that SphingoTec's biomarkers for endothelial function (vascular integrity) and cardiovascular depression allow early identification of these underlying mechanisms requiring different interventions.
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Listen: Should We Accept Our New Sweatpants Reality?
Listen and subscribe: Apple Podcasts | Spotify | Stitcher | Google Podcasts To mid-aughts celebrities such as Paris Hilton and Britney Spears, they were high fashion. To the likes of Jerry Seinfeld and Eva Mendes, they're a sign of defeat; they declare to the world, as Jerry tells George Costanza in the Seinfeld pilot, "I'm miserable, so I might as well be comfortable." And since the start of the
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Study finds no gender discrimination when leaders use confident language
People tend to listen to big talkers, whether they are women or men. Still, more women prefer not to use assertive language, according to a new study led by Washington State University economist Shanthi Manian.
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How likely are consumers to adopt artificial intelligence for banking advice?
A new study published in Economic Inquiry is the first to assess the willingness of consumers to adopt advisory services in the banking sector that are based on artificial intelligence (AI). Investigators examined whether the likelihood that consumers adopt AI in banking services depends on tastes for human interaction across different cultures.
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Chip-krig eskalerer: Europa og USA på kollissionskurs
PLUS. EU er vred over udsigten til, at USA vil føre protektionistisk industristøtte til chip- og halvlederindustrien. Samtidig barsler EU dog med lignende tiltag, som skal sikre bilindustrien adgang til de nødvendige chips, som hele verden mangler på lige nu.
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New recommendations aim to eliminate racial bias in myeloma trials
Recommendations designed to address the under-representation of African Americans in clinical trials for multiple myeloma (MM), a blood cancer that is twice as deadly in this demographic as in whites.
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Vaccine-wary France turns to citizens' panel to boost trust in COVID-19 shots
Panel advice on vaccines could counteract legacy of mistrust from past health scandals
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Read a free issue of History of War magazine
Read a free History of War issue online! Plus, save money on each issue with fantastic print and digital subscription deals
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Forskning & Framsteg – För dig som är nyfiken på allvar
Jag skulle tro att de flesta som har haft trädgård någon gång har stött på kirskål – ett ogräs som bara de mest entusiastiska ogräsätarna kan älska i form av paj eller soppa. Den har en ganska söt och stickig smak, med lite drag av både kvanne och libsticka, men också tvål, om ni frågar mig. Växten får vackra flockblommor på sommaren och ett bladverk som egentligen inte alls är fult. Man skulle nä
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Forskning & Framsteg – För dig som är nyfiken på allvar
Alkohol som en del av människans kultur har kanske sitt ursprung i en mutation som inträffade redan för 10 miljoner år sedan hos en fruktätande anfader till människoaporna. Teorin "om den berusade apan" får nu delvis stöd av genetiska analyser.
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Forskning & Framsteg – För dig som är nyfiken på allvar
Visste du att varje nummer av Forskning & Framsteg har 130 000 läsare i genomsnitt. Till alla er vill vi säga tack! Många har varit med ändå sedan starten 1966 – det är imponerande. Just det här numret har dessutom extra många läsare i form av alla som fått två nummer i gåva av en trogen prenumerant. Varmt välkomna!
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Forskning & Framsteg – För dig som är nyfiken på allvar
Listan: Sverige i topp på EU:s lista över forskning och utveckling, FOU, 2019
Sverige var det EU-land som satsade mest pengar på Forskning och utveckling, FoU, i förhållande till BNP år 2019 med 3,39 procent. Genomsnittet för EU-länderna var 2,19 procent.
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Study finds no gender discrimination when leaders use confident language
People tend to listen to big talkers, whether they are women or men. Still, more women prefer not to use assertive language, according to a new study. Participants in an experiment more often followed advice of people using assertive "cheap talk," statements that cannot be verified as true. (Example: "I have extremely strong problem-solving skills.") They followed advice regardless of advice giver
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AI may mistake chess discussions as racist talk
'The Queen's Gambit,' the recent TV mini-series about a chess master, may have stirred increased interest in chess, but a word to the wise: social media talk about game-piece colors could lead to misunderstandings, at least for hate-speech detection software.
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Déjà brew? Another shot for lovers of coffee
In a world first genetic study, researchers from the Australian Centre for Precision Health at the University of South Australia found that that long-term, heavy coffee consumption – six or more cups a day – can increase the amount of lipids (fats) in your blood to significantly heighten your risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD).
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Physical conditions linked to psychological distress in patients with cancer
Among patients with cancer, having additional physical comorbidities was linked with a higher risk of experiencing psychological distress. The finding comes from a Psycho-Oncology analysis of 2017 data from the National Health Survey of Spain.
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Certain factors are linked with an elevated risk of bone fractures
A new study published in the Journal of Bone and Mineral Research has identified various factors that may indicate whether a person faces a higher likelihood of experiencing a bone fracture over the next two decades.
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How likely are consumers to adopt artificial intelligence for banking advice?
A new study published in Economic Inquiry is the first to assess the willingness of consumers to adopt advisory services in the banking sector that are based on artificial intelligence (AI).
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Real world data on hospital readmissions of patients with heart failure
In an analysis of information on 448 patients with heart failure who were discharged from a hospital in Sweden, 20.3% of patients were readmitted to the hospital within 30 days, and 60.9% were readmitted within 1 year. The ESC Heart Failure analysis found that most of the patients who needed to be rehospitalized were readmitted for heart failure.
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Addressing the biological causes of racial disparities in prostate cancer
A new review published in Cancer Reports examines the biological differences in the development of prostate cancer across ethnicities.
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Study examines aspirin and statin use among older Americans
An analysis published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society indicates that while adults aged 75 years and older do not benefit from taking aspirin to prevent cardiovascular disease, many do so on a regular basis.
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Setting hospital prices would save more than increasing competition or price transparency
Spending on hospital services is the largest health spending category in the U.S., accounting for one-third of national health expenses. A new study finds that among strategies to curb hospital prices among the commercially insured population in the U.S., direct price regulations such as setting rates are likely to achieve greater savings than other approaches like increasing competition or improv
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Why do humans struggle to think of ourselves as animals?
The pandemic has demonstrated why humans are ultimately an impressive species. From monitoring the genetic evolution of Sars-CoV-2 to devising vaccines in record time, we have put our minds together to reduce the impact of Covid-19. Yet, the global spread of a new disease is a reminder that we are not invincible, and remain at the mercy of our biology and the natural world. Speaking to author Mela
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Understanding Immune-Mediated Damage After Respiratory Infection
Paul Thomas from St. Jude Children's Research Hospital will discuss how he used single cell and spatial transcriptomics to discover the underlying mechanism of an inflammatory immune response in the lungs.
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Sådan flyttede BBC sit website til serverless
Serverless fungerer fint til websites med masser af trafik og skalerer bogstaveligt talt på minuttet.
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Stof fjerner en tredjedel af kvægs metan-udledning: Men økologerne må ikke være med
PLUS. Nye foder-tilsætningsstoffer vækker politiske forhåbninger om drivhusgasreduktioner i landbruget. Men Økologisk Landsforening vil hellere stoppe kødlandbrug.
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UAE Hope Probe has transmitted its first image of Mars
Launched in July 2020, the Hope Probe will study the atmosphere and climate of Mars. The Hope Probe is one of three spacecraft arriving to Mars in February, the others being China's Tianwen-1 and NASA's Perseverance. Although new to the space sector, the UAE Space Agency has bold plans, including a mission that aims to establish the first inhabitable settlement on Mars by 2117. The United Arab Em
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TB vaccine may protect newborns against other infectious diseases
The tuberculosis (TB) vaccine Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) could protect newborns against a variety of common infections, such as upper respiratory tract infections, chest infections and diarrhoea, according to a new study in Lancet Infectious Diseases.
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To aid vaccine research, U.K. approves deliberate infections of volunteers with coronavirus
First human COVID-19 challenge studies can proceed despite known risks, ethics board says
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New data on COVID-19 patients with diabetes show that one in five die within
Updated results from the CORONADO study, analysing the outcomes of patients with diabetes admitted to hospital with COVID-19, shows that one in five patients die within 28 days while around half are discharged. The study is published in Diabetologia (the journal of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes [EASD]).
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Discovery (uploads) on YouTube
Rick Turns to Tony For Help | Gold Rush
Stream Full Episodes of Gold Rush: discovery+ ► https://www.discoveryplus.com/show/gold-rush Discovery ► https://go.discovery.com/tv-shows/gold-rush/ Subscribe to Discovery: http://bit.ly/SubscribeDiscovery Join us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/GoldRush/ https://www.facebook.com/Discovery Follow us on Twitter: https://twitter.com/Gold_Rush https://twitter.com/Discovery We're on Instagram!
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Salk team reveals never-before-seen antibody binding, informing liver cancer, antibody design
In structural biology, some molecules are so unusual they can only be captured with a unique set of tools. That's precisely how a team led by Salk scientists defined how antibodies can recognize a compound called phosphohistidine–a highly unstable molecule that has been found to play a central role in some forms of cancer. The study was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Scie
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Understanding cellular clock synchronization
In humans, the disruption of circadian clocks is the cause of many metabolic diseases. Thanks to an observation tool based on bioluminescence, a research (UNIGE) were able to demonstrate that cells that compose a particular organ can be in-phase, even in the absence of the central brain clock. Indeed, the scientists managed to restore circadian function in the liver in completely arrhythmic mice,
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
Wolves, dogs and dingoes, oh my
Dogs are generally considered the first domesticated animal, while its ancestor is generally considered to be the wolf, but where the Australian dingo fits into this framework is still debated, according to a retired Penn State anthropologist.
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Wolves, dogs and dingoes, oh my
Dogs are generally considered the first domesticated animal, while its ancestor is generally considered to be the wolf, but where the Australian dingo fits into this framework is still debated, according to a retired Penn State anthropologist.
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One day to Jezero: NASA's Mars rover ready to stick its landing
Perseverance will descend to fossilized delta in search of past life
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Skoltech's recent achievement takes us one step closer to Mars
Scientists have developed an artificial intelligence (AI) system that enables processing images from autonomous greenhouses, monitoring plant growth, and automating the cultivation process. In their article, they share the experience in the scope of controlled-environment agriculture automation in the Antarctic station greenhouse facility called EDEN ISS.
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Wolves, dogs and dingoes, oh my
Dogs are generally considered the first domesticated animal, while its ancestor is generally considered to be the wolf, but where the Australian dingo fits into this framework is still debated, according to a retired Penn State anthropologist.
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Friends 'fur' life help build skills for life
A new UBC Okanagan study finds children not only reap the benefits of working with therapy dogs—they enjoy it too.
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Skies of blue: Recycling carbon emissions to useful chemicals and reducing global warming
Researchers optimize a novel process for the efficient conversion of carbon emissions into useful chemicals like acetate using microbes
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Deprive a mountain range of its wolves, and soon the burgeoning deer population will strip its slopes bare. "I now suspect that just as a deer herd lives in mortal fear of its wolves, so does a mountain live in mortal fear of its deer," wrote ecologist Aldo Leopold in his landmark 1949 title "A Sand County Almanac."
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New York State Sues Amazon Over Coronavirus Protocols
New York State sued Amazon on Wednesday over the disturbing coronavirus protocols — or lack thereof — at its warehouses. The lawsuit alleges that the e-commerce giant not only failed to adequately protect its warehouse workers from the COVID-19 pandemic but also took steps to punish anyone who spoke up about their workplace conditions, Agence France-Presse reports . "While Amazon and its CEO made
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More than 100 centenarians help to reveal a biomarker for long life
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00435-y Blood levels of a protein hint at the survival prospects of people over 90 years old.
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Long-Term COVID-19 Vaccine Studies Hampered As Placebo Recipients Get Real Shot
Scientists are trying to learn more about COVID-19 vaccines from original study participants. That quest is hampered because many people who received a placebo shot have now opted to get the vaccine.
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"Silent" Mutation Linked to Worse Kidney Cancer Outcome
A synonymous mutation in the tumor suppressor gene BAP1 can result in loss of function of the protein without altering its amino acid sequence.
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'Smart' asthma inhaler sensors improve pediatric asthma control
Sensor-based inhalers integrated into health care providers' clinical workflows may help improve medication adherence and support children with asthma – and their families – to more effectively manage this condition, according to a new Northwestern and Lurie Children's study published in Pediatrics.
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FSU College of Medicine researcher develops new possibilities to prevent sudden cardiac death
Stephen Chelko, an assistant professor of biomedical sciences at the Florida State University College of Medicine, has developed a better understanding of the pathological characteristics behind arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, as well as promising avenues for prevention.
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Neural network could help clinicians look for 'ugly duckling' pre-cancerous skin lesions
A neural network system that analyzes photographs can rank and distinguish suspicious, potentially precancerous skin lesions, which can turn into the deadly skin malignancy melanoma if not caught and removed early.
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SuperAger brains resist protein tangles that lead to Alzheimer's
A new study showed cognitive SuperAgers have resistance to the development of fibrous tangles in a brain region related to memory and which are known to be markers of Alzheimer's disease. Their resistance appears to help protect their memory.
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Friends fur life help build skills for life
A new UBC Okanagan study finds children not only reap the benefits of working with therapy dogs-they enjoy it too.
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Dr. Frederick Boop presents at the ISPN 2020 Virtual Meeting
Understanding the molecular biology of brain tumors is key to prognosis and treatment said Le Bonheur Neuroscience Institute Co-Director Frederick Boop, MD, in his presentation "How Molecular Biology Impacts Clinical Practice" at the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery (ISPN) 2020 Virtual Meeting.
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NASA-funded network tracks the recent rise and fall of ozone depleting pollutants
A short-lived resurgence in the emission of ozone depleting pollutants in eastern China will not significantly delay the recovery of Earth's protective 'sunscreen' layer, according to new research published Feb. 10 in Nature.
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3D microscopy clarifies understanding of body's immune response to obesity
Researchers who focus on fat know that some adipose tissue is more prone to inflammation-related comorbidities than others, but the reasons why are not well understood. Thanks to a new analytical technique, scientists are getting a clearer view of the microenvironments found within adipose tissue associated with obesity. This advance may illuminate why some adipose tissues are more prone to inflam
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Fueling the future: Novel two-polymer membrane boosts hydrogen fuel cell performance
Fuel cells are an attractive sustainable energy source due to their eco-friendly by-product, water. However, existing fuel cells are either expensive or low performance. Now, scientists from Korea have designed a robust and highly conductive fuel cell ion-exchange membrane using two readily available polymer materials and a unique technique, opening doors to fuel cells that are both cheap and high
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Upending complex crystal formation
PNNL researchers discover a new route to forming complex crystals.
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COVID-19 associated with leukoencephalopathy on brain MRI
According to an open-access article in ARRS' American Journal of Roentgenology (AJR), COVID-19-related disseminated leukoencephalopathy (CRDL) represents an important–albeit uncommon–differential consideration in patients with neurologic manifestations of coronavirus disease (COVID-19).
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Cosmetic laser may boost effectiveness of certain anti-cancer therapies
In mice treated with cancer immunotherapy, shining a cosmetic laser on a tumor boosted the therapy's effectiveness. The strategy stimulated the immune system to attack nonmutated proteins on the tumor. The findings may help investigators make cancer immunotherapy effective against currently incurable cancers.
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Research news tip sheet: Story ideas from Johns Hopkins Medicine
Research News Tip Sheet: Story Ideas From Johns Hopkins Medicine.
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Fish contribute tons and tons of poo to carbon flux
Carbon in feces, respiration, and other excretions from fishes—roughly 1.65 billion tons annually—make up about 16% of the total carbon that sinks below the ocean's upper layers, research finds. Better data on this key part of the Earth's biological pump will help scientists understand the impact of climate change and seafood harvesting on the role of fishes in carbon flux, according to the study
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Modeling a better catalyst for PIBSAs
Polyisobutenyl succinic anhydrides (PIBSAs) are important for the auto industry because of their wide use in lubricant and fuel formulations. Their synthesis, however, requires high temperatures and, therefore, higher cost.
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Think Cities Have Pothole Problems Now? Just Wait
Cold, heat, stress and moisture are some of asphalt's worst enemies. Roads are likely to see more damage as climate change brings higher temperatures and more extreme weather swings.
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Termite gut microbes could aid biofuel production
Wheat straw, the dried stalks left over from grain production, is a potential source of biofuels and commodity chemicals. But before straw can be converted to useful products by biorefineries, the polymers that make it up must be broken down into their building blocks. Now, researchers reporting in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering have found that microbes from the guts of certain termite sp
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Like a scene from a horror movie, tomato fruitworm caterpillars silence their food plants' cries for help as they devour their leaves. That is the finding of a multidisciplinary team of researchers, who said the results may yield insights into the abilities of crop plants — such as tomato and soybean — to withstand additional stressors, like climate change.
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Most teen bullying occurs among peers climbing the social ladder
Findings suggest why anti-bullying programs don't work. Paper is the first known to show that teens' rivals are often their own friends.
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Fish diet heats up marine biodiversity hotspot
A never-before-seen biodiversity pattern of coral reef fishes suggests some fishes might be exceptionally vulnerable to environmental change. It highlights, for the first time, a unique link between the diet and distribution of species across the marine realm.
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Mutation in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein renders virus up to eight times more infectious
A mutation in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2–one of several genetic mutations in the concerning variants that have emerged in the United Kingdom, South Africa, and Brazil — makes the virus up to eight times more infectious in human cells than the initial virus that originated in China, according to research published in the journal eLife.
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Researchers identify gene implicated in neuroblastoma, a childhood cancer
A new study by Mayo Clinic researchers has identified that a chromosome instability gene, USP24, is frequently missing in pediatric patients with neuroblastoma, an aggressive form of childhood cancer. The finding provides important insight into the development of this disease. The study is published in Cancer Research, the journal of the American Association for Cancer Research.
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Edible holograms could someday decorate foods
Holograms are everywhere, from driver's licenses to credit cards to product packaging. And now, edible holograms could someday enhance foods. Researchers reporting in ACS Nano have developed a laser-based method to print nanostructured holograms on dried corn syrup films. The edible holograms could also be used to ensure food safety, label a product or indicate sugar content, the researchers say.
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Unprotected African health workers die as rich countries buy up COVID-19 vaccines
Growing toll on fragile health systems prompts calls for more global equity
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Bepridil is potent against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro [Chemistry]
Guided by a computational docking analysis, about 30 Food and Drug Administration/European Medicines Agency (FDA/EMA)-approved small-molecule medicines were characterized on their inhibition of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) main protease (Mpro). Of these small molecules tested, six displayed a concentration that inhibits response by 50% (IC50) value…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Rapid emergence of virus-host mutualism under stress [Evolution]
Broad Spectrum of Outcomes in Virus–Host Interactions The article by González et al. (1) in PNAS illuminates the flexibility of the virus–host relationships by demonstrating a rapid shift to mutualism under stress in an RNA plant virus model. A common public perception of a virus, particularly relevant in the time…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Kathryn Anderson, grand dame of developmental biology [Retrospectives]
One of the most inspirational scientists we have ever known found her own inspiration in the pages of Life magazine. In a 2016 interview with one of us, Kathryn Anderson (1952–2020) mentioned that "in eighth grade, an article caught my eye about human development with a really beautiful picture of…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Emerging evidence suggests that intratumoral interferon (IFN) signaling can trigger targetable vulnerabilities. A hallmark of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is its extensively reprogrammed metabolic network, in which nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and its reduced form, NADH, are critical cofactors. Here, we show that IFN signaling, present in a subset of…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Centrioles and basal bodies (CBBs) are found in physically linked pairs, and in mammalian cells intercentriole connections (G1–G2 tether and S–M linker) regulate centriole duplication and function. In trypanosomes BBs are not associated with the spindle and function in flagellum/cilia nucleation with an additional role in mitochondrial genome (kinetoplast DNA…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Stable reliability diagrams for probabilistic classifiers [Statistics]
A probability forecast or probabilistic classifier is reliable or calibrated if the predicted probabilities are matched by ex post observed frequencies, as examined visually in reliability diagrams. The classical binning and counting approach to plotting reliability diagrams has been hampered by a lack of stability under unavoidable, ad hoc implementation…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease of the central nervous system driven by peripheral immune cell infiltration and glial activation. The pathological hallmark of MS is demyelination, and mounting evidence suggests neuronal damage in gray matter is a major contributor to disease irreversibility. While T cells are found…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Plant fertilization involves both an egg cell, which fuses with a sperm cell, and synergid cells, which guide pollen tubes for sperm cell delivery. Therefore, egg and synergid cell functional specifications are prerequisites for successful fertilization. However, how the egg and synergid cells, referred to as the "egg apparatus," derived…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Severe traumatic injuries are a widespread and challenging clinical problem, and yet the factors that drive successful healing and restoration of function are still not well understood. One recently identified risk factor for poor healing outcomes is a dysregulated immune response following injury. In a preclinical model of orthopedic trauma,…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Disgust is hypothesized to be an evolved emotion that functions to regulate the avoidance of pathogen-related stimuli and behaviors. Individuals with higher pathogen disgust sensitivity (PDS) are predicted to be exposed to and thus infected by fewer pathogens, though no studies have tested this directly. Furthermore, PDS is hypothesized to…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Cartilage is essential throughout vertebrate life. It starts developing in embryos when osteochondroprogenitor cells commit to chondrogenesis, activate a pancartilaginous program to form cartilaginous skeletal primordia, and also embrace a growth-plate program to drive skeletal growth or an articular program to build permanent joint cartilage. Various forms of cartilage malformation…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Cellular survival requires the ion gradients built by the Na+/K+ pump, an ATPase that alternates between two major conformations (E1 and E2). Here we use state-specific engineered-disulfide cross-linking to demonstrate that transmembrane segment 2 (M2) of the pump's α-subunit moves in directions that are inconsistent with distances observed in existing…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Slow waves (SWs) are globally propagating, low-frequency (0.5- to 4-Hz) oscillations that are prominent during sleep and anesthesia. SWs are essential to neural plasticity and memory. However, much remains unknown about the mechanisms coordinating SW propagation at the macroscale. To assess SWs in the context of macroscale networks, we recorded…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Electrochemical oxidation of CH4 is known to be inefficient in aqueous electrolytes. The lower activity of methane oxidation reaction (MOR) is primarily attributed to the dominant oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the higher barrier for CH4 activation on transition metal oxides (TMOs). However, a satisfactory explanation for the origins of…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Double inhibition and activation mechanisms of Ephexin family RhoGEFs [Biochemistry]
Ephexin family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) transfer signals from Eph tyrosine kinase receptors to Rho GTPases, which play critical roles in diverse cellular processes, as well as cancers and brain disorders. Here, we elucidate the molecular basis underlying inhibition and activation of Ephexin family RhoGEFs. The crystal structures of…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
The Shieldin complex, composed of REV7, SHLD1, SHLD2, and SHLD3, protects DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) to promote nonhomologous end joining. The AAA+ ATPase TRIP13 remodels Shieldin to regulate DNA repair pathway choice. Here we report crystal structures of human SHLD3–REV7 binary and fused SHLD2–SHLD3–REV7 ternary complexes, revealing that assembly of…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
More than 109,000 people in the United States were awaiting organ transplants in November 2020, and approximately 17 die each day before receiving one (1). Seeking to expand the pool of organs available to these patients, clinicians are beginning to look to sources once considered off-limits: organs from deceased donors…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
The transthyretin (TTR) amyloidoses (ATTR) are progressive, degenerative diseases resulting from dissociation of the TTR tetramer to monomers, which subsequently misfold and aggregate, forming a spectrum of aggregate structures including oligomers and amyloid fibrils. To determine whether circulating nonnative TTR (NNTTR) levels correlate with the clinical status of patients with…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
The establishment of cardiac function in the developing embryo is essential to ensure blood flow and, therefore, growth and survival of the animal. The molecular mechanisms controlling normal cardiac rhythm remain to be fully elucidated. From a forward genetic screen, we identified a unique mutant, grime, that displayed a specific…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Toward ecoevolutionary dynamics [Population Biology]
As biologist Andrew Hendry recently wrote, "research initiatives in ecology and evolution have periodically dated but never married" (1). This also holds for the theoretical underpinnings of the two fields. Roughly speaking, the first mathematical models of population ecology are a century old, and the first stirrings of evolutionary game…
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Brazil's coronavirus vaccine rollout beset by supply problems
Rio de Janeiro and several other cities to suspend some jabs because of shortages
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Science Advances current issue
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Do sweat it! Wearable microfluidic sensor to measure lactate concentration in real time
Lactate, a compound present in sweat, is an important biomarker to quantify during exercise. However, available wearable sensors can cause skin irritation, which calls for the use of different materials. In a recent study, scientists at Tokyo University of Science have developed a soft and nonirritating microfluidic sensor for the real-time measurement of lactate concentration in sweat. This weara
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Proton therapy induces biologic response to attack treatment-resistant cancers
Mayo Clinic researchers have developed a novel proton therapy technique to more specifically target cancer cells that resist other forms of treatment. The technique is called LEAP, an acronym for 'biologically enhanced particle therapy.' The findings are published today in Cancer Research, the journal of the American Association for Cancer Research.
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Climate change and suppression tactics are critical factors increasing fires
Both climate change and forest management have been blamed for wildfire hazards increasing across western North America, but the relative influence of these drivers is still heavily debated. The results of a recent study show that in some ecosystems, human-caused climate change is the predominant factor; in other places, the trend can also be attributed to a century of fire suppression that has pr
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Study: Screen surgery patients for frailty
A study of mortality after various kinds of surgery suggests that frailty, a clinical syndrome marked by slow walking speed, weak grip and other indicators, should be assessed before all noncardiac surgeries. Dr. Paula Shireman of The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio is one of the coauthors on the multicenter research.
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You snooze, you lose – with some sleep trackers
Wearable sleep tracking devices – from Fitbit to Apple Watch to never-heard-of brands stashed away in the electronics clearance bin – have infiltrated the market at a rapid pace in recent years. And like any consumer products, not all sleep trackers are created equal, according to West Virginia University neuroscientists.
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Modeling a better catalyst for PIBSAs
Polyisobutenyl succinic anhydrides (PIBSAs) are important for the auto industry because of their wide use in lubricant and fuel formulations. New research led by the Computer-Aided Nano and Energy Lab (CANELa) at the University of Pittsburgh, in collaboration with the Lubrizol Corporation, builds a deeper understanding of the catalyst used to synthesize PIBSAs.
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Advances in x-ray imaging can help patients with breast cancer
A new approach to X-ray imaging can help surgeons performing breast cancer tumour removal surgery, giving 2.5 times better detection of diseased tissue around the edge of the tumour than with standard imaging.
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Researchers develop tiny sensor for measuring subtle pressure changes inside the body
Researchers have developed an extremely sensitive miniaturized optical fiber sensor that could one day be used to measure small pressure changes in the body.
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To reduce stunting in India, space out births
Adequate spacing between births can help to alleviate the likelihood of stunting in children, according to a new study from TCI. Sunaina Dhingra and Prabhu Pingali find that differences in height between firstborn and later-born children may be due to inadequate time between births. When children are born at least three years after their older siblings, the height gap between them disappears.
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Platelets may play key role in development of lupus
Platelets may play a key role in the development of lupus, according to a study published today by researchers at Université Laval and CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre. Extracellular DNA circulating in the blood of patients with lupus causes the inflammatory reaction associated with the disease. The researchers have shown that this DNA comes in part from the platelets, better known f
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Credit card-sized soft pumps power wearable artificial muscles
Robotic clothing that is entirely soft and could help people to move more easily is a step closer to reality thanks to the development of a new flexible and lightweight power system for soft robotics.
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This robot doesn't need any electronics
Engineers at the University of California San Diego have created a four-legged soft robot that doesn't need any electronics to work. The robot only needs a constant source of pressurized air for all its functions, including its controls and locomotion systems. The team, led by Michael T. Tolley, a professor of mechanical engineering at the Jacobs School of Engineering at UC San Diego, details its
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Changing livestock in ancient Europe reflect political shifts
In ancient European settlements, livestock use was likely primarily determined by political structure and market demands, according to a study published February 17, 2021 in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Ariadna Nieto-Espinet and colleagues of the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Barcelona.
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High-risk gene for neurodevelopmental disorders linked to sleep problems in flies
The mutation of a gene that has been associated with neurodevelopmental disorders like autism spectrum disorder led to marked sleep disturbances in fruit flies, according to a new study from scientists in the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. The findings, published Wednesday in Science Advances, provide further evidence that sleep is linked to early neurodevelopmental
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Researchers find diverse supportive partnerships among older gay men with and without HIV
Recent data reveals that gay men living with HIV report having supportive relationships with family, friends, or in informal relationships rather than with primary romantic partners, while gay men who are HIV negative report having relationships mainly with primary partners. Additionally, gay men living with HIV were more likely to report no primary or secondary supportive partnerships compared to
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Lakes isolated beneath Antarctic ice could be more amenable to life than thought
Lakes underneath the Antarctic ice sheet could be more hospitable than previously thought, allowing them to host more microbial life.
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Robotic dogs & laughter therapy: combating loneliness & isolation while social distancing
Robotic dogs, laughter therapy and mindfulness are some of the ways that might help people – particularly the elderly – cope with loneliness and social isolation while social distancing, say researchers at the University of Cambridge.
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Protein linked to Alzheimer's, strokes cleared from brain blood vessels
Amyloid deposits in the brain increase the risk of dementia and strokes. Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have identified an antibody that clears amyloid deposits from the brain without raising the risk of brain bleeds.
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Toward a disease-sniffing device that rivals a dog's nose
A new system can detect the chemical and microbial content of an air sample with even greater sensitivity than a dog's nose. Researchers at MIT and elsewhere coupled this to a machine-learning process that can identify the distinctive characteristics of the disease-bearing samples.
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Suggesting healthy food 'swaps' to online shoppers may reduce the calories they buy
Suggesting healthy food 'swaps' to online shopping customers may effectively reduce the calories they buy, according to simulation study.
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Learning from prostate cancer-detecting dogs to improve diagnostic tests
New research demonstrates the ability of dogs to detect aggressive prostate cancer from urine samples and suggests that an artificial neural network could learn from this olfactory ability, with an eye toward replicating it in novel detection tools. Claire Guest of Medical Detection Dogs in Milton Keynes, U.K., and colleagues present these findings in the open-access journal PLOS ONE on February 1
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Helping Congress get the most from research
In a new study, Penn State researchers demonstrated that facilitating researcher-policymaker interactions in rapid response processes can influence both how legislators think about policy issues and how they draft legislation.
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A year of virtual science conferences: how are you managing?
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00447-8 Nature is polling readers about the move to online meetings during the COVID pandemic.
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Quantum network is step towards ultrasecure internet
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00420-5 Experiment connects three devices with entangled photons, demonstrating a key technique that could enable a future quantum internet.
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Science Advances current issue
Mass production of zigzag and near-zigzag single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), whether by growth or separation, remains a challenge, which hinders the disclosure of their previously unknown property and practical applications. Here, we report a method to separate SWCNTs by chiral angle through temperature control of a binary surfactant system of sodium cholate (SC) and SDS in gel chromatography
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Science Advances current issue
The invention of the maser stimulated revolutionary technologies such as lasers and atomic clocks. Yet, realizations of masers are still limited; in particular, the physics of masers remains unexplored in periodically driven (Floquet) systems, which are generally defined by time-periodic Hamiltonians and enable observation of many exotic phenomena such as time crystals. Here, we investigate the F
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Science Advances current issue
Repression of Wnt/{beta}-catenin signaling by SOX9 and Mastermind-like transcriptional coactivator 2
Wnt/β-catenin signaling requires inhibition of a multiprotein destruction complex that targets β-catenin for proteasomal degradation. SOX9 is a potent antagonist of the Wnt pathway and has been proposed to act through direct binding to β-catenin or the β-catenin destruction complex. Here, we demonstrate that SOX9 promotes turnover of β-catenin in mammalian cell culture, but this occurs independen
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Science Advances current issue
Living tissues embody a unique class of hybrid materials in which active and thermal forces are inextricably linked. Mechanical characterization of tissues demands descriptors that respect this hybrid nature. In this work, we develop a microrheology-based force spectrum analysis (FSA) technique to dissect the active and passive fluctuations of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in three-dimensional (
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Science Advances current issue
Crown-like structures (CLSs) are adipose microenvironments of macrophages engulfing adipocytes. Their histological density in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) predicts metabolic disorder progression in obesity and is believed to initiate obesity comorbidities. Here, we use three-dimensional (3D) light sheet microscopy and deep learning to quantify 3D features of VAT CLSs in lean and obese states. Ob
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Science Advances current issue
The chromatin remodeler ISWI acts during Drosophila development to regulate adult sleep
Sleep disruptions are among the most commonly reported symptoms across neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), but mechanisms linking brain development to normal sleep are largely unknown. From a Drosophila screen of human NDD-associated risk genes, we identified the chromatin remodeler Imitation SWItch/SNF ( ISWI ) to be required for adult fly sleep. Loss of ISWI also results in disrupted circadian
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Science Advances current issue
Genomic profiling of native R loops with a DNA-RNA hybrid recognition sensor
An R loop is a unique triple-stranded structure that participates in multiple key biological processes and is relevant to human diseases. Accurate and comprehensive R loop profiling is a prerequisite for R loops studies. However, current R loop mapping methods generate large discrepancies, therefore an independent method is in urgent need. Here, we establish an independent R loop CUT&Tag (Tn5-bas
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Science Advances current issue
Administrative records are increasingly used to identify registered voters who may have moved, with potential movers then sent postcards asking them to confirm their address of registration. It is important to understand how often these registrants did not move, and how often such an error is not corrected by the postcard confirmation process, because uncorrected errors make it more difficult for
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Science Advances current issue
Controlled generation of luminescent centers in hexagonal boron nitride by irradiation engineering
Luminescent centers in the two-dimensional material hexagonal boron nitride have the potential to enable quantum applications at room temperature. To be used for applications, it is crucial to generate these centers in a controlled manner and to identify their microscopic nature. Here, we present a method inspired by irradiation engineering with oxygen atoms. We systematically explore the influen
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Science Advances current issue
Microscopic structure and dynamics study of granular segregation mechanism by cyclic shear
Granular mixtures with size difference can segregate upon shaking or shear. However, the quantitative study of this process remains difficult because it can be influenced by many mechanisms. Conflicting results on similar experimental systems are frequently obtained when the experimental conditions are not well controlled, which is mainly due to the fact that many mechanisms can be at work simult
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Science Advances current issue
An engineered decoy receptor for SARS-CoV-2 broadly binds protein S sequence variants
The spike S of SARS-CoV-2 recognizes ACE2 on the host cell membrane to initiate entry. Soluble decoy receptors, in which the ACE2 ectodomain is engineered to block S with high affinity, potently neutralize infection and, because of close similarity with the natural receptor, hold out the promise of being broadly active against virus variants without opportunity for escape. Here, we directly test
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Science Advances current issue
Editorial expression of concern
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Science Advances current issue
Loss-of-function mutations of DNAJC6 , encoding HSP40 auxilin, have recently been identified in patients with early-onset Parkinson's disease (PD). To study the roles of DNAJC6 in PD pathogenesis, we used human embryonic stem cells with CRISPR-Cas9–mediated gene editing. Here, we show that DNAJC6 mutations cause key PD pathologic features, i.e., midbrain-type dopamine (mDA) neuron degeneration, p
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Science Advances current issue
Cancer fibrosis serves as a major therapeutic barrier in desmoplastic tumors. Relaxin (RLN; a systemic hormone) is efficacious to decrease fibrosis, but the in vivo mechanism of action is not clear. Considering the localization of relaxin family peptide receptor type 1 (RXFP1), the receptor for RLN, on macrophages, we hypothesize that macrophages can be modulated by RLN to ameliorate cancer fibro
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Science Advances current issue
A pebble accretion model for the formation of the terrestrial planets in the Solar System
Pebbles of millimeter sizes are abundant in protoplanetary discs around young stars. Chondrules inside primitive meteorites—formed by melting of dust aggregate pebbles or in impacts between planetesimals—have similar sizes. The role of pebble accretion for terrestrial planet formation is nevertheless unclear. Here, we present a model where inward-drifting pebbles feed the growth of terrestrial pl
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Science Advances current issue
Solid tumors generate a suppressive environment that imposes an overwhelming burden on the immune system. Nutrient depletion, waste product accumulation, hypoxia, and pH acidification severely compromise the capacity of effector immune cells such as T and natural killer (NK) cells to destroy cancer cells. However, the specific molecular mechanisms driving immune suppression, as well as the capaci
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Science Advances current issue
Dynamic flows create potentially habitable conditions in Antarctic subglacial lakes
Trapped beneath the Antarctic ice sheet lie over 400 subglacial lakes, which are considered to be extreme, isolated, yet viable habitats for microbial life. The physical conditions within subglacial lakes are critical to evaluating how and where life may best exist. Here, we propose that Earth's geothermal flux provides efficient stirring of Antarctic subglacial lake water. We demonstrate that mo
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Science Advances current issue
Do photosynthetic complexes use quantum coherence to increase their efficiency? Probably not
Answering the titular question has become a central motivation in the field of quantum biology, ever since the idea was raised following a series of experiments demonstrating wave-like behavior in photosynthetic complexes. Here, we report a direct evaluation of the effect of quantum coherence on the efficiency of three natural complexes. An open quantum systems approach allows us to simultaneousl
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Science Advances current issue
Dislocation-mediated shear amorphization in boron carbide
The failure of superhard materials is often associated with stress-induced amorphization. However, the underlying mechanisms of the structural evolution remain largely unknown. Here, we report the experimental measurements of the onset of shear amorphization in single-crystal boron carbide by nanoindentation and transmission electron microscopy. We verified that rate-dependent loading discontinui
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Science Advances current issue
Glioblastoma is characterized by the robust infiltration of immunosuppressive tumor-associated myeloid cells (TAMCs). It is not fully understood how TAMCs survive in the acidic tumor microenvironment to cause immunosuppression in glioblastoma. Metabolic and RNA-seq analysis of TAMCs revealed that the arginine-ornithine-polyamine axis is up-regulated in glioblastoma TAMCs but not in tumor-infiltra
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Science Advances current issue
Bismuth-based double perovskite Cs 2 AgBiBr 6 is regarded as a potential candidate for low-toxicity, high-stability perovskite solar cells. However, its performance is far from satisfactory. Albeit being an indirect bandgap semiconductor, we observe bright emission with large bimolecular recombination coefficient (reaching 4.5 ± 0.1 x 10 –11 cm 3 s –1 ) and low charge carrier mobility (around 0.0
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Science Advances current issue
Relaxed initiation pausing of ribosomes drives oncogenic translation
Translation is a crucial process in cancer development and progression. Many oncogenic signaling pathways target the translation initiation stage to satisfy the increased anabolic demands of cancer cells. Using quantitative profiling of initiating ribosomes, we found that ribosomal pausing at the start codon serves as a "brake" to restrain the translational output. In response to oncogenic RAS si
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Online tool helps estimate COVID's true toll on sub-Saharan Africa
Although early reporting portrayed sub-Saharan Africa as being largely spared from the coronavirus pandemic, an international team led by Princeton researchers reported that determining the true impact of the novel coronavirus in sub-Saharan Africa may be complicated by a tremendous variability in risk factors and obscured by surveillance challenges. The researchers developed an interactive online
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Quantum collaboration gives new gravity to the mysteries of the universe
Scientists have used cutting-edge research in quantum computation and quantum technology to pioneer a radical new approach to determining how our Universe works at its most fundamental level.
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Study shows how some neurons compensate for death of their neighbors
By studying several neuron pairs that innervate distinct muscles in a fruit fly model, researchers found that some neurons compensate for the loss of a neighboring partner.
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How Spanish children get to school: New study on active commuting
The researchers analysed how Spanish children and adolescents get to school, based on studies examining the commuting patterns of 36,781 individuals over a 7-year period (2010-2017)
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New highly radioactive particles found in Fukushima
The 10 year anniversary of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident occurs in March. Work just published in the Journal 'Science of the Total Environment' documents new, large (> 300 micrometers), highly radioactive particles that were released from one of the damaged Fukushima reactors.
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Global mapping projects aid humanitarian organisations
In disaster management and the implementation of the UN Sustainability Development Goals, free digital world maps like OpenStreetMap open up new possibilities to coordinate aid interventions and carry out sustainability projects. The required mapping data are collected by volunteer mappers either locally or on the basis of satellite images. An international team of researchers led by geoinformatio
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New tech aims to tackle 'disseminated intravascular coagulation' blood disorder
Researchers have developed a new tool for addressing disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) – a blood disorder that proves fatal in many patients. The technology has not yet entered clinical trials, but in vivo studies using rat models and in vitro models using blood from DIC patients highlight the tech's potential.
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New research finds drive-through mass-vaccination clinics could alter COVID-19 trajectory
Policymakers at all levels of government are racing to vaccinate hundreds of millions of people to save lives and blunt the deadly COVID-19 pandemic. New research published in the INFORMS Journal on Applied Analytics provides a simulated model for drive-through clinics that can be used for mass COVID-19 vaccinations based on the successful use of such a clinic to address H1N1.
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New potential therapy for Crohn's disease in children
Scientists from the Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute at Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago demonstrated that a nanotherapy reduces intestinal inflammation and shrinks lesions in a rodent model of severe Crohn's disease.
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Helping Congress get the most from research
In a new study, Penn State researchers demonstrated that facilitating researcher-policymaker interactions in rapid response processes can influence both how legislators think about policy issues and how they draft legislation.
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Vets' depression, social support & psychological resilience play role in later well being
Veterans who experienced the combination of low depression, high social support and high psychological resilience as they left military service were most likely to report high well-being a year later.
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Self-healing concrete for regions with high moisture and seismic activity
Preparing regular concrete scientists replaced ordinary water with water concentrate of bacteria Bacillus cohnii, which survived in the pores of cement stone. The cured concrete was tested for compression until it cracked, then researchers observed how the bacteria fixed the gaps restoring the strength of the concrete. The engineers of the Polytechnic Institute of Far Eastern Federal University (F
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Physical therapy after c-section improves outcomes
Women who received physical therapy after undergoing a cesarean section had significantly improved outcomes compared to those who did not according to a new study from University of Missouri Health Care.
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Scientists develop blood test to predict environmental harms to children
Scientists at Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health developed a method using a DNA biomarker to easily screen pregnant women for harmful prenatal environmental contaminants like air pollution linked to childhood illness and developmental disorders. This approach has the potential to prevent childhood developmental disorders and chronic illness through the early identification of chil
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Genotoxic E. coli 'caught in the act'
Max Planck researchers and their collaborators reveal transformation of colon organoids in vitro.
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Study links prolonged sedentary time to distractibility in adults with obesity, overweight
Scientists used accelerometers to track daily activity levels for a week in 89 adults with obesity or overweight and, in a series of tests, measured their ability to multitask and maintain their attention despite distractions. The study revealed that individuals who spent more sedentary time in bouts lasting 20 minutes or more were less able to overcome distractions.
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Fishes contribute roughly 1.65 billion tons of carbon in feces and other matter annually
Scientists have little understanding of the role fishes play in the global carbon cycle linked to climate change, but a Rutgers-led study found that carbon in feces, respiration and other excretions from fishes – roughly 1.65 billion tons annually – make up about 16 percent of the total carbon that sinks below the ocean's upper layers.
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Hide-and-seek can lead to higher drug prices
Pharmaceutical manufacturers and national authorities often negotiate secret rebates when determining drug prices. A UZH study shows that these rebate systems may hamper patient access to drugs. In the medium term, this practice can even lead to increasing drug prices.
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One in 10 Ohio women thought abortion illegal amid attempts to ban at 6 weeks
Though Ohio never formally enacted a so-called "heartbeat bill" banning abortions after six weeks of gestation, legislative and legal actions appear to have fueled beliefs that abortion is illegal in the state, a new study has found.
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How sessile seahorses managed to speciate and disperse across the world's oceans
Seahorses are extremely poor swimmers. Surprisingly, however, they can be found in all of the world´s oceans. On the basis of almost 360 different seahorse genomes, a group of researchers studied how these special fish were able to spread so suc-cessfully worldwide. Based on an evolutionary tree of 21 species it was possible to reconstruct the dispersal routes of seahorses worldwide and to explain
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3D-printing perovskites on graphene makes next-gen X-ray detectors
By using 3D aerosol jet-printing to put perovskites on graphene, scientists at EPFL have made X-ray detectors with record sensitivity that can greatly improve the efficiency and reduce the cost and health hazard of medical imaging devices.
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Top German geoscientist fired after police raid, faces allegations of financial crimes
Reinhard Hüttl, former national academy president, was head of the German Research Centre for Geosciences
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These fruit flies get picky about where they lay eggs
The invasive spotted wing drosophila ( Drosophila suzukii ) prefers to lay its eggs in places that no other spotted wing flies have visited, researchers have discovered. The finding raises questions about how the flies can tell whether a piece of fruit is virgin territory—and what that might mean for pest control. D. suzukii is a fruit fly native to east Asia, but has spread rapidly across North
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Winter storms boost carbon monoxide poisoning risk
Winter storms that have brought record-breaking cold and power outages to many parts of the United States also have heightened the risk of carbon monoxide poisoning. Every year, at least 430 people die in the United States and 50,000 people visit emergency rooms because of accidental carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Multiple recent stor
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Columbia researchers uncover altered brain connectivity after prolonged anesthesia
A body of evidence supports the association between prolonged anesthesia and cognitive impairment, but the Columbia study is first to address the effect of the procedure on neural connections.
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How and when do children recognize power and social hierarchies?
This is the subject of a paper published on 10 February in PLOS ONE, by Jesús Bas and Núria Sebastián, members of the Center for Brain and Cognition, which concludes that before the age of two, children are able to infer the social status of the people around them.
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ADHD, DBD and aggressiveness: Risky genetic factors
People with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) combined with disruptive behaviour disorders (DBDs) share about the 80% of genetic variants associated with aggressive and antisocial behaviours.
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Researchers have proved that that ozone is effective in disinfecting Coronavirus
It is possible to destroy the virus within minutes by gaseous ozone, which can be produced synthetically indoors. The advantage of gaseous ozone over liquid disinfectants (such as alcohol and bleach) is its ability to treat entire rooms, including all objects found in it and hard-to-reach locations.
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The psychological effects of COVID-19 on pregnancy and postpartum
Women who gave birth during the COVID-19 pandemic report having felt greater stress in the delivery process, and rate lower the quality of care received Furthermore, almost 15% more women developed symptoms of postpartum depression after giving birth during the pandemic
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University of Limerick research finds new link between personality and risk of death
Ground-breaking research led by University of Limerick, Ireland has revealed for the first time that the immune system directly links personality to long-term risk of death.
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Blockchain-based copyright protect
The study describes the technological and scientific challenges for the improvement and implementation of these systems.
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Quickly identify high-performance multi-element catalysts
Catalysts consisting of at least five chemical elements could be the key to overcoming previous limitations in the production of green hydrogen, fuel cells, batteries or CO2 reduction. However, finding the optimal composition of these multi-element catalysts is like looking for a needle in a haystack: testing thousands to millions of possible combinations cannot be realized.
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Fatty tissue accumulated in the neck linked to heart problems, study finds
Researchers from the University of Granada warn that an accumulation of fatty tissue in the neck (both the double chin and the deeper deposits, located between muscles and around the cervical vertebrae) is a predictor of central and overall adiposity, cardiometabolic risk, and a pro-inflammatory profile in sedentary young adults
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Foreign language learners should be exposed to slang in the classroom and here's why….
Experts say English slang and regional dialect should not be banned from classrooms but when you're getting to grips with a second language how helpful is it to learn non-standard lingo?
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Foreign language learners should be exposed to slang in the classroom and here's why….
Experts say English slang and regional dialect should not be banned from classrooms but when you're getting to grips with a second language how helpful is it to learn non-standard lingo?Very, says Sascha Stollhans, of the Department of Languages and Cultures at Lancaster University, who argues that standardised language norms are artificial and language learners should learn about all aspects of l
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RUDN University physicists analyzed the role of gravity in elementary particles formation
Gravity might play a bigger role in the formation of elementary particles than scientists used to believe. A team of physicists from RUDN University obtained some solutions of semi-classical models that describe particle-like waves. They also calculated the ratio between the gravitational interaction of particles and the interaction of their charges.
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Scientists able to see how potential cancer treatment reacts in single cell
Using a 185 metre beamline at the Diamond synchrotron, researchers could see how Osmium, a rare precious metal that could be used for cancer treatments, reacts in a single human lung cancer cell. This is a major step forward in discovering new anti-cancer drugs for researchers at the University of Warwick.
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New study evaluates the advancement of ecology from a 2-D to 3-D science
A new study, published in Bioscience, considers the future of ecology, where technological advancement towards a multidimensional science will continue to fundamentally shift the way we view, explore, and conceptualize the natural world.
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
New study evaluates the advancement of ecology from a 2-D to 3-D science
A new study, published in Bioscience, considers the future of ecology, where technological advancement towards a multidimensional science will continue to fundamentally shift the way we view, explore, and conceptualize the natural world.
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An international research team with members from ETH has developed a new method for directly imaging smaller planets in the habitable zone of a neighbouring star system. This opens up new possibilities in the search for extraterrestrial life.
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Psykoterapi mot panikångest ger god långtidseffekt
Psykoterapi mot panikångest ger goda resultat och effekten av behandlingen håller i sig. Det visar den största långtidsstudie som någonsin gjorts i Sverige. Två år efter behandling var 70 procent av patienterna tydligt förbättrade och 45 procent hade inga eller minimala symptom. Panikångest är en av de vanligaste anledningarna till psykisk ohälsa i Sverige. 2-3 procent av befolkningen har paniksy
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Climate change and fire suppression
The unprecedented and deadly blazes that engulfed the American West in 2020 attest to the increasing number, size and severity of wildfires in the region. And while scientists predict the climate crisis will exacerbate this situation, there's still much discussion around its contributing factors.
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Exaggerated radar data above the freezing level induced by terrain
Meteorologists frequently study precipitation events using radar imagery generated at both ground level and from satellite data. Radar sends out electromagnetic waves that bounce off ice or water droplets suspended in the air. These waves quickly return to the radar site in a process called backscattering. Scientists have observed that backscattering reaches its peak during the melting process as
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The 'protein from hell' tamed in seven years
After seven years of intense research, a research group from Aarhus University has succeeded—through an interdisciplinary collaboration—in understanding why a very extended structure is important for an essential protein from the human immune system. The new results offer new opportunities for adjusting the activity of the immune system both up and down. Stimulation is interesting in relation to c
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Megadroughts in arid central Asia delayed the cultural exchange along the proto-Silk Road
The Silk Road was the most elaborate network of trade routes in the ancient world, linking ancient populations in East Asia to those in southwest Asia, via Central Asia. These trade routes fostered the spread of ideas, religions, and technologies over the past 2,000 years. Before the establishment of organized exchange, starting around the time of the Chinese Han Dynasty (2,223 years ago), a proce
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
The 'protein from hell' tamed in seven years
After seven years of intense research, a research group from Aarhus University has succeeded—through an interdisciplinary collaboration—in understanding why a very extended structure is important for an essential protein from the human immune system. The new results offer new opportunities for adjusting the activity of the immune system both up and down. Stimulation is interesting in relation to c
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Understanding Immune-Mediated Damage After Respiratory Infection
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A (pollen-free) sigh of relief for Japan: The genetics of male sterility in cedar trees
Cryptomeria japonica, or the Japanese cedar, is highly revered as the national tree of Japan. Locally known as 'sugi,' it covers over 4.5 million hectares of land, accounting for nearly half of Japan's artificial forests. However, it is also notorious for causing hay fever, with a good 26.5% of Japan's population reporting cedar pollen allergies in 2008. Over the past years, pollen allergy caused
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Self-assembly induced luminescence of Eu3+-complexes for bioimaging application
The unique properties of rare earth (RE) complexes including ligand-sensitized energy transfer, fingerprint-like emissions and long-lived emissions, make them promising materials for many applications, such as optical encoding, luminescence imaging/sensing and time-resolved luminescence detection. In particular, the use of RE luminescent materials for in vitro and in vivo imaging can easily elimin
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
A (pollen-free) sigh of relief for Japan: The genetics of male sterility in cedar trees
Cryptomeria japonica, or the Japanese cedar, is highly revered as the national tree of Japan. Locally known as 'sugi,' it covers over 4.5 million hectares of land, accounting for nearly half of Japan's artificial forests. However, it is also notorious for causing hay fever, with a good 26.5% of Japan's population reporting cedar pollen allergies in 2008. Over the past years, pollen allergy caused
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More sustainable recycling of plastics
Plastics belong to the most widely used materials, and they are vital components of all modern technologies. So far, it has been possible to recycle these valuable materials only to a limited extent. In order to offer novel solutions, chemists of Professor Stefan Mecking´s group at the University of Konstanz developed a more sustainable method for chemically recycling polyethylene-like plastics. T
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One in five has a mutation that provides superior resilience to cold
Almost one in five people lacks the protein α-actinin-3 in their muscle fibre. Researchers at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden now show that more of the skeletal muscle of these individuals comprises slow-twitch muscle fibres, which are more durable and energy-efficient and provide better tolerance to low temperatures than fast-twitch muscle fibres. The results are published in the scientific journ
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A 'twisted elevator' could be key to understanding neurological diseases
For the first time, researchers have found one of the most important molecular machines in our cells uses a 'twisting elevator' mechanism, solving a mystery of how it transports crucial chemical signals from one cell to another.
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Mentally ill kids become less healthy adults
A new pair of studies from a Duke research team's long-term work in New Zealand make the case that early-life mental health problems can lead to physical diseases and advanced aging in adulthood. But because mental health conditions can appear early in life, the researchers say that investment in prompt mental health care could be used to prevent later diseases and reduce healthcare costs.
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World's oldest DNA reveals how mammoths evolved
An international team led by researchers at the Centre for Palaeogenetics in Stockholm has sequenced DNA recovered from mammoth remains that are up to 1.2 million years old. The analyses show that the Columbian mammoth that inhabited North America during the last ice age was a hybrid between the woolly mammoth and a previously unknown genetic lineage of mammoth. The study provides new insights int
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People with this muscle protein gene variant tolerate the cold better
A gene variant that affects muscle function may have protected humans against cold during migrations from Africa to Europe more than 50,000 years ago, suggests a study appearing February 17 in the American Journal of Human Genetics . Researchers show that deficiency of a protein called α-actinin-3 caused by a gene variant improves cold tolerance in humans by increasing muscle tone.
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Reply to: Concerns about phytoplankton bloom trends in global lakes
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03255-2
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A mammoth discovery: oldest DNA on record from million-year-old teeth
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00442-z Researchers sequence the oldest DNA ever recovered, and the people bringing art and science together.
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Dear grant agencies: tell me where I went wrong
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00444-x I don't expect to get every grant I apply for, but the least agencies could do is give me a little feedback, says Juan Manuel Parrilla Gutierrez.
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Concerns about phytoplankton bloom trends in global lakes
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03254-3
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Closed-loop recycling of polyethylene-like materials
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-020-03149-9 Polycarbonates and polyesters with materials properties like those of high-density polyethylene can be recycled chemically by depolymerization to their constituent monomers, re-polymerization yielding material with uncompromised processing and materials properties.
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High-resolution X-ray luminescence extension imaging
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03251-6 Using lanthanide-doped nanomaterials and flexible substrates, an approach that enables flat-panel-free, high-resolution, three-dimensional imaging is demonstrated and termed X-ray luminescence extension imaging.
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Structure and inhibition mechanism of the human citrate transporter NaCT
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03230-x Structures of the human sodium-dependent citrate transporter NaCT in complexes with citrate or a small-molecule inhibitor reveal how the inhibitor—which binds to the same site as citrate—arrests the transport cycle of NaCT.
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Creatine kinase B controls futile creatine cycling in thermogenic fat
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03221-y Upon induction by thermogenic stimuli, creatine kinase B traffics to mitochondria to trigger the futile creatine cycle in thermogenic fat.
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Loop extrusion as a mechanism for formation of DNA damage repair foci
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03193-z During the repair of double-stranded DNA breaks, cohesin mediates the extrusion of loops of DNA along which phosphorylated H2AX spreads to establish a repair zone.
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Localization of lattice dynamics in low-angle twisted bilayer graphene
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03252-5 Nano-Raman spectroscopy reveals localization of some vibrational modes in reconstructed twisted bilayer graphene and provides qualitative insights into how electron–phonon coupling affects the vibrational and electronic properties of the material.
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Glutamate transporters have a chloride channel with two hydrophobic gates
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03240-9 Glutamate transporters conduct chloride ions through an aqueous channel with hydrophobic gates that forms during the glutamate transport cycle.
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Coherent X-ray−optical control of nuclear excitons
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03276-x Suitably shaped X-ray pulses are used to coherently steer the quantum dynamics of atoms' nuclei rather than their electrons, with few-zeptosecond temporal stability of the phase control.
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Million-year-old DNA sheds light on the genomic history of mammoths
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03224-9 Siberian mammoth genomes from the Early and Middle Pleistocene subepochs reveal adaptive changes and a key hybridization event, highlighting the value of deep-time palaeogenomics for studies of speciation and long-term evolutionary trends.
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Affinity-coupled CCL22 promotes positive selection in germinal centres
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03239-2 CCL22 promotes positive selection in germinal centres by highlighting affinity-enhanced B cells for helper T cells to sense and seek remotely.
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Self-similar mesocrystals form via interface-driven nucleation and assembly
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03300-0 Mesocrystal formation is investigated for haematite in the presence of oxalate, showing that chemical gradients at interfaces cause nucleation near surfaces rather than in the bulk, followed by particle attachment.
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Glowing nanocrystals enable 3D X-ray imaging
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00350-2 Persistently luminescent nanocrystals have been used to make flexible X-ray detectors that produce better images of 3D objects than do the flat-panel detectors currently widely used in radiography.
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Cells use loop extrusion to weave and tie the genome
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00351-1 A study reveals that a process called loop extrusion, which is central to the folding and function of chromosomes, also seems to play a key part in the repair of double-strand DNA breaks.
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Million-year-old mammoth genomes shatter record for oldest ancient DNA
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00436-x Permafrost-preserved teeth, up to 1.6 million years old, identify a new kind of mammoth in Siberia.
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Chemistry can help make plastics sustainable — but it isn't the whole solution
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00391-7 How to make plastics less harmful is an urgent question in chemistry — and must be for policy, too.
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High-performance plastic made from renewable oils is chemically recyclable by design
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00349-9 Plastics are invaluable materials, but they use up petroleum resources and persist in the environment. A high-performance plastic derived from renewable oils has been designed at the molecular level to be truly recyclable.
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Million-year-old DNA provides a glimpse of mammoth evolution
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00348-w DNA has been retrieved from mammoth specimens that are more than one million years old. Comparing the genomes of these animals and their descendants provides insights into the changes that occurred as one species evolved into another.
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Så blev Malmö skejtboardåkarnas stad
Sedan slutet på 90-talet har Malmö byggt ett starkt varumärke som skejtboardåkarnas stad. Långsiktighet, och framförallt en stark lyhördhet för gräsrotsinitiativ, har gjort att staden arbetat fram en modell som andra har mycket att lära sig av, enligt forskaren Karin Book. – Idrotten är populär att använda när det gäller varumärkesbyggande generellt. Det är en stor industri som väcker känslor och
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Mammoth molars yield the oldest DNA ever sequenced
1.2-million-year-old DNA from Siberia smashes previous record, reveals new mammoth lineage
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Dennis tamed the protein from hell in seven years
A research group from Aarhus University has succeeded in understanding why a very extended structure is important for an essential protein from the human immune system. The new results offer new opportunities for adjusting the activity of the immune system both up and down. Stimulation is interesting in relation to cancer treatment, while inhibition of the immune system is used in treatment of aut
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Decade of reducing self-inflicted deaths in Japan hindered by COVID-19
More people than expected ended their own lives in 2020 in Japan, overturning a decadelong slow decline in the nation's annual number of suicides, according to a new analysis by public health experts at the University of Tokyo. The increase in suicides was especially pronounced among women younger than 30, potentially due to the COVID-19 pandemic's disproportionate effect on part-time and travel i
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Scientists identifies novel vascular smooth muscle subsets under high hydrostatic pressure
Researchers applied single cell RNA-sequencing to highlight elevated hydrostatic pressure directly drives two novel VSMC subsets, named inflammatory VSMCs and endothelial function inhibitory VSMCs. These two subsets enhance chemotaxis monocytes or immunocytes infiltration, inhibition endothelial angiogenetic tube formation, promote endothelial dysfunction. Additionally, these two subsets proportio
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Forskning & Framsteg – För dig som är nyfiken på allvar
Nya rön om mammutar från rekordgammalt dna
Mammutarna brukar ses som istidens ikondjur. Men faktum är att de – i likhet med de övriga elefantdjuren, härstammar från Afrika. Därifrån vandrade de norrut och gav upphov till nya arter i Europa, Asien och Nordamerika.
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Aquariums hatch unusual plan to save endangered zebra shark
Groups to use eggs from captive sharks to rebuild wild populations
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Challenge of the summer rainfall forecast in China: A possible solution
The Mongolian Cyclone is a major meteorological driving force across southeast Asia. This cyclone is known for transporting aerosols, affecting where precipitation develops. Meteorologists are seeking ways to improve seasonal prediction of the relationship between the Mongolian cyclone and the South Asia high. These features are major components of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) and the corr
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Turf wars: Ocean acidification and feedback loops lock in turf algal systems
It's tough out there in the sea, as the widespread loss of complex marine communities is testament to. Researchers from Japan have discovered that ocean acidification favors degraded turf algal systems over corals and other algae, thanks to the help of feedback loops.
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
Turf wars: Ocean acidification and feedback loops lock in turf algal systems
It's tough out there in the sea, as the widespread loss of complex marine communities is testament to. Researchers from Japan have discovered that ocean acidification favors degraded turf algal systems over corals and other algae, thanks to the help of feedback loops.
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Megadroughts in arid central Asia delayed the cultural exchange along the proto-Silk Road
Over the past four millennia the main corridor of ancient cultural dispersal passed through Arid Central Asia; historically, this marked the central artery of the Silk Road. However, little is known about the effects of hydroclimatic changes in this region on ancient human populations. An international team of researchers have identified a 640-year megadrought (5820-5180 a BP) impacting the desert
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How inflammatory signalling molecules contribute to carcinogenesis
A team of MedUni Vienna researchers led by Johannes A. Schmid at the Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, has managed to identify a previously unknown molecular connection between an inflammatory signalling molecule and one of the main oncogenes. The study has been published in the leading journal 'Molecular Cancer'.
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A (pollen-free) sigh of relief for Japan: The genetics of male sterility in cedar trees
Pollen from Cryptomeria japonica, or Japanese cedar, is widely known to cause allergies. But, male-sterile trees are known to be devoid of pollen. Now, researchers from the Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Japan, have studied the genetic variations in the male sterility gene (MS1) in these trees. This can help in selectively breeding male-sterile plants to counter the discomfort ca
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Innovation predicts higher profits and stock returns
A large-scale study of the link between innovation and financial performance in Australian companies has found more innovative companies post higher future profits and stock returns.
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Nyhedsanalyse: Derfor er det gået galt med elnettet i Texas
PLUS. Ekstreme kuldegrader har sendt den amerikanske sydstat i fryseren, men der er ikke den enkeltstående årsag til at elnettet er brudt sammen og millioner af indbyggere fryser.
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Søborg-selskab er med i syv corona-projekter: 'Det er en daglig kamp at få materialer hjem'
PLUS. AGC Biologics har ansat 100 til produktion af stoffer til blandt andet Novavax-vaccinen og den danske vaccine, som snart skal i kliniske forsøg i Holland.
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Oil licences undermine Norway's ocean leadership
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00445-w
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Science diversified: Cosmopolitan campus
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00164-2 Researchers at a university with a reputation for recruiting internationally say that trust and understanding help diverse teams to flourish.
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2 kinds of poultry bacteria make each other nastier
Campylobacter bacteria persist throughout poultry production—from farm to grocery shelves—and two of the most common strains are exchanging genetic material, according to new research. That could result in more antibiotic-resistant and infectious strains, the researchers report. Campylobacter bacteria spread primarily through consumption of contaminated food products. In humans, it causes symptom
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Exaggerated radar data above the freezing level induced by terrain
Scientists find exaggerated radar data above the freezing level are induced by terrain.
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Mimicking a chronic immune response changes the brain
Abnormal production of Inflammatory cytokines by the immune system is responsible for a host of autoimmune disorders. One important cytokine is IL-17A, which is also involved in neurological diseases. Researchers at Tsukuba University in Japan made a mouse model of chronically high IL-17A and to study its effect on the brain. They show that it leads to reduced activity and density of microglia in
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A peptide that inhibits virus transmission among ferrets may point to a promising treatment
An engineered peptide given to ferrets two days before they were co-housed with SARS-CoV-2-infected animals prevented virus transmission to the treated ferrets, a new study shows.
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Timing of physical activity linked to fitness levels, CV risk for men with type 2 diabetes
Research published in Diabetes Care by Brigham and Women's Hospital and Joslin Diabetes Center investigators, along with collaborators, reports a correlation between the timing of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and cardiovascular fitness and health risks for individuals who have type 2 diabetes and obesity or overweight.
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High patient uptake for text message system monitoring opioid use in real-time
Among the orthopaedic surgery patients in a study using text messaging to monitor opioid use, 61 percent of their tablets were found to be left over
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Self-assembly induced luminescence of Eu3+-complexes for bioimaging application
Yu Tang and Chun-Hua Yan from Lanzhou University successfully developed a nano-system with self-assembly induced luminescence (SAIL) through the design of the structure and assembly method of the Eu3+ complex. The assembled Eu3+-complex nanoparticles can be applied in biosensing and imaging by fluorescence intensity and lifetime assays.
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Challenge of the summer rainfall forecast skill in China: A possible solution
The Mongolian Cyclone is a major meteorological driving force across southeast Asia. This cyclone is known for transporting aerosols, affecting where precipitation develops. Meteorologists are seeking ways to improve seasonal prediction of the relationship between the Mongolian cyclone and South Asia high. These features are major components of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) and the correspo
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A new generation of electric motorboats take to the water
Clean and quiet
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Challenge to anorexia nervosa treatment guidelines
New analysis has shown a lack of strong evidence to support current guidance on psychological therapies for treating anorexia nervosa over expert treatment as usual. The findings highlight a need for further research and support a call for individual trial data to be made available so the benefits of treatments in specific patient populations can be better understood.
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Capturing the contours of live cells with novel nanoimaging technique using graphene
Researchers from DGIST have now found a way to keep living, wet cells viable in an ultra-high-vacuum environment, using graphene, allowing–like never before–accurate high-resolution visualization of the undistorted molecular structure and distribution of lipids in cell membranes. This could enhance our bioimaging abilities considerably, improving our understanding of mechanisms underlying comple
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Suppressive immune cells' metabolic vulnerability may be targeted for cancer immunotherapy
A Ludwig Cancer Research study has identified a novel mechanism by which a type of cancer immunotherapy known as CTLA-4 blockade can disable suppressive immune cells to aid the destruction of certain tumors.
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Treating vision loss globally would see social and economic benefits
An estimated 1.1 billion people were living with untreated vision impairment in 2020, but researchers say more than 90 per cent of vision loss could be prevented or treated with existing, highly cost-effective interventions.
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New study evaluates the advancement of ecology from a 2D to 3D science
A new study, published in Bioscience, considers the future of ecology, where technological advancement towards a multidimensional science will continue to fundamentally shift the way we view, explore, and conceptualize the natural world.
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Immune system protects children from severe COVID-19
Children are protected from severe COVID-19 because their innate immune system is quick to attack the virus, a new study has found.
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Turf wars: Ocean acidification and feedback loops lock in turf algal systems
Researchers from the University of Tsukuba have found that seawater acidification locked marine communities of turf algae in a stable state, preventing the growth of kelp and coral species. The degraded turf algal systems were stabilized by feedback loops (control mechanisms in a system). This study will contribute to efforts to manage shifts from complex and diverse marine ecosystems to degraded
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Blood-clotting protein plays key role in central nervous system b-cell lymphoma
Gladstone researchers have shown in mice that CNS B-cell lymphoma cells cluster at sites where there is a leak in the blood-brain barrier. They also found that a blood protein called fibrinogen, which normally participates in blood clotting, promotes this clustering. Their findings link, for the first time, fibrinogen with CNS B-cell lymphoma, shedding new light on mechanisms of lymphoma growth in
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Make an effort? If rewards and performance align
We invest mental effort in a task in response to what we stand to gain, and in response to how much the outcome hinges on our performance, research finds. For example, what makes a person decide to turn off the TV and switch on their brain to complete work for their job? We tend to assume that the amount of mental effort a person invests in a task is influenced by the reward they stand to gain—so
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How to rebrand a fish so that it sounds tastier
British fishermen have decided to rename two of their biggest exports as they turn to local markets to overcome some Brexit-related difficulties with shipping products abroad. What used to be known as the megrim sole and spider crab will now be Cornish sole and Cornish king crab in order to make them more appealing to the local market. The question is whether a simple name change will make the meg
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Psykoterapi mot panikångest ger god långtidseffekt
Psykoterapi mot panikångest ger goda resultat och effekten av behandlingen håller i sig. Det visar den största långtidsstudie som någonsin gjorts i Sverige. Två år efter behandling var 70 procent av patienterna tydligt förbättrade och 45 procent hade inga eller minimala symptom.
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Scientists observe how potential cancer treatment reacts in single cell
Using a 185-meter beamline at the Diamond synchrotron, researchers could see how osmium, a rare precious metal that could be used for cancer treatments, reacts in a single human lung cancer cell. This is a major step forward in discovering new anti-cancer drugs for researchers at the University of Warwick.
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In response to Stephen Colbert, FAU professor says 'spice it up'
A research professor gives a "shout out" to comedian Stephen Colbert. His motivation? Colbert previously referred to mathematical equations as the devil's sentences and an unnatural commingling of letters and numbers – the worst being the quadratic equation – an infernal salad of numbers, letters and symbols. In response, the professor suggests that mathematics education needs to be enlivened so t
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Body shape, beyond weight, drives fat stigma for women
Fat stigma in women contributes to poor medical outcomes and negatively affects educational and economic opportunities. A new study from scientists at Arizona State University and Oklahoma State University shows that body shape, beyond overall weight, drives fat stigma. Women with overweight and obesity who carry gluteofemoral fat were less stigmatized than those who carry abdominal fat. These fin
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Phase I clinical trial shows promise of adipose-derived stem cells in treating lymphedema
Results of a phase I clinical trial released in STEM CELLS Translational Medicine shows there is a strong possibility that stem cells may alleviate lymphedema, a chronic debilitating condition affecting up to one in three women treated for breast cancer.
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Asthma deaths 50% more likely in poorest areas compared to richest
People with asthma in the most deprived areas are 50% more likely to be admitted to hospital and to die from asthma compared with those in the least deprived areas, a new five-year study of over 100,000 people in Wales has revealed. Those from more deprived backgrounds were also found to have a poor balance of essential asthma medications that help prevent asthma attacks.
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Biochemistry News – Chemistry News
Scientists observe how potential cancer treatment reacts in single cell
Using a 185-meter beamline at the Diamond synchrotron, researchers could see how osmium, a rare precious metal that could be used for cancer treatments, reacts in a single human lung cancer cell. This is a major step forward in discovering new anti-cancer drugs for researchers at the University of Warwick.
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Report sheds light on impact of effective school leadership on student learning outcomes
A major new research review released today paints a detailed picture of how strong principals affect students' educational and social outcomes. The report, co-authored by Professor Jason A. Grissom at Vanderbilt University, concludes that school leaders are even more important than previously believed and that investing in their success has a very large payoff.
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The social media world is awash with people hawking products, services and, of course, themselves. But how much influence do the "influencer marketers" really have?
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Airplanes to cell phones: New equipment finds the flaws in everything
Tim Briggs has built a career at Sandia National Laboratories tearing and breaking things apart with his team of collaborators. Now, he's developed a fracture-testing tool that could help make everything from aircraft structural frames to cellphones stronger.
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83769-x Author Correction: Mapping the genetic basis of diabetes mellitus in the Australian Burmese cat ( Felis catus )
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Author Correction: In vitro metabolomic footprint of the Echinococcus multilocularis metacestode
Scientific Reports, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83843-4
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Are science laboratories truly inclusive if not accessible to service-dog handlers?
According to a new commentary in Disability and Health Journal, people with disabilities who rely on service dogs often are prohibited from bringing their working dogs into teaching and research laboratories. This one barrier can stop them from pursuing careers in science, says Joey Ramp, a researcher in the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology and lead author of the commentary. R
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Study: Including videos in college teaching may improve student learning
As higher education institutions worldwide transition to new methods of instruction, including the use of more pre-recorded videos, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, many observers are concerned that student learning is suffering as a result. However, a new comprehensive review of research offers some positive news for college students. The authors found that, in many cases, replacing teaching
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New study shows that men receive more actionable feedback than women in the workplace
Published in the Harvard Business Review, the research explored differences in the developmental feedback received by men and women.
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Making swimming pools safer by reducing chlorine disinfection byproducts
Swimming in indoor or outdoor pools is a healthy form of exercise and recreation for many people. However, studies have linked compounds that arise from chlorine disinfection of the pools to respiratory problems, including asthma, in avid swimmers. Now, researchers reporting in ACS' Environmental Science & Technology have found that using a complementary form of disinfection, known as copper-silve
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An mRNA vaccine for cancer immunotherapy
Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines to prevent COVID-19 have made headlines around the world recently, but scientists have also been working on mRNA vaccines to treat or prevent other diseases, including some forms of cancer. Now, researchers reporting in ACS' Nano Letters have developed a hydrogel that, when injected into mice with melanoma, slowly released RNA nanovaccines that shrank tumors and kept
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Koala and rat teeth reveal Adelaide settlement history
A novel study of bone and tooth fragments from koalas and rodents has given scientists a new way to understand how the Adelaide region has been settled.
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Innovation predicts higher profits and stock returns
A large-scale study of the link between innovation and financial performance in Australian companies has found more innovative companies post higher future profits and stock returns.
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Someone once infamously remarked that the public has "had enough of experts." This is so obviously not the case in so many walks of life, of course, including marketing and commerce. Social media, for instance, has given a platform to experts in products in a way that members of the public never had before. Those who study popular culture and fashion will have seen the growing follower counts on s
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Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00426-z A fair reflection.
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Spændt dansk rumingeniør før Mars-landing: »Det bliver frygteligt«
PLUS. David i Lyngby er manden Nasa ringer til, hvis PIXL-kameraet på Mars driller. Han frygter den kritiske og farlige landing, og hvad temperaturerne gør ved instrumenterne.
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LIVE: Kapslen er nu på vej gennem Mars-atmosfæren
Jesper Henneke og David Pedersen fra DTU Space er dybt involveret i udviklingen af Perseverance og især PIXL-kameraet. Du kan følge landingen torsdag her live i video og tekst – og stille eksperterne spørgsmål i debatten under artiklen.
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100 million Americans brace for more cold, ice and snow
The winter weather that has overwhelmed power grids unprepared for climate change and left millions without electricity in record-breaking cold kept its grip on the nation's midsection Wednesday.
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A study recently completed in Europe and North America indicates that the composition of wintering and breeding bird communities changes in line with global warming. However, wintering bird communities are considerably faster at tracking the changing climate compared to breeding communities.
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Reduced nickel content and improved stability and performance in ceramic fuel cells
A research team in Korea has developed a ceramic fuel cell that offers both stability and high performance while reducing the required amount of catalyst by a factor of 20. The application range for ceramic fuel cells, which have so far only been used for large-scale power generation due to the difficulties associated with frequent start-ups, can be expected to expand to new fields, such as electr
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-82913-x
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Author Correction: Effects of wound dressings containing silver on skin and immune cells
Scientific Reports, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83765-1
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83766-0
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
A study recently completed in Europe and North America indicates that the composition of wintering and breeding bird communities changes in line with global warming. However, wintering bird communities are considerably faster at tracking the changing climate compared to breeding communities.
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Infrared Saunas for "Detoxification"
Sweating in saunas is not a good way to remove toxins, whether traditional or infrared. The post first appeared on Science-Based Medicine .
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Fisket på marina arter som strömming, gråsej och havskräfta bör minska och torsk i Kattegatt och östra Östersjön bör inte fiskas alls. Däremot är bestånden av sik, lake, siklöja och abborre så pass starka i de fyra stora sjöarna så de klarar ett ökat fiske. Rekommendationerna finns i SLU:s årliga rapport Fisk- och skaldjursbestånd i svenska hav och sötvatten, som görs på uppdrag av Havs- och vatt
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Daily briefing: How feuding map-makers stoked Mars mania
Nature, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00439-8 Fierce competition between nineteenth century astronomers has inspired our fascination with the red planet over the years. Plus: why scientists think the virus that causes COVID-19 is here to stay.
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Skal fjernbaner på Hovedbanen have separate spor? Professor er skeptisk
PLUS. Banedanmark overvejer at højne regulariteten på København H. ved at låse fjerntrafikken til dedikerede spor. Men både DTU-professor og IDA Rail er betænkelige ved milliardinvesteringen.
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DTU-forskere finder 126 potentielt farlige stoffer i plastlegetøj
PLUS. Også mange alternativer, som skulle erstatte hidtil kendte sundhedsskadelige kemikalier, er problematiske. Forskere råder forældre til at købe brugt – så er meget dampet af.
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'All my art is curiosity-driven': the garden studio where art and physics collide
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00399-z Geraldine Cox mixes the palettes of art and physics by illustrating phenomena such as light-interference patterns.
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Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00398-0 Composer David Ibbett encodes the dreams and details of complex physics phenomena into music to help audiences appreciate their splendour.
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How to shape a productive scientist–artist collaboration
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00397-1 Researchers and artists reflect on the partnerships that have created career opportunities and forged a deeper public understanding of science.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Innate cell profiles during the acute and convalescent phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children
Nature Communications, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21414-x Childhood infection with SARS CoV2 is associated with a milder course of infection but the immunopathogenesis of this remains unclear. Here the authors explore immunological differences in the innate immune system during acute and convalescent SARS CoV2 infection in the young.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Tuning nonlinear damping in graphene nanoresonators by parametric–direct internal resonance
Nature Communications, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21334-w Nonlinear dissipation is frequently observed in nanomechanical resonators, but its microscopic origin remains unclear. Here, nonlinear damping is found to be enhanced in graphene nanodrums close to internal resonance conditions, providing insights on the mechanisms at the basis of this phenomenon.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21346-6 The thymus supports T cell immunity by providing the environment for thymocyte differentiation. Here the authors profile human thymic stroma at the single cell level, identifying ionocytes as a new medullary population and defining tissue specific antigen expression in multiple stromal cell types.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21384-0 Multivalent vaccines that confer protection to multiple serotypes of Dengue virus have been established. Here the authors examine the presence of vaccine induced multivalent antibodies and how these link to protection in a human challenge model of Dengue virus.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Van der Waals engineering of ferroelectric heterostructures for long-retention memory
Nature Communications, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21320-2 The memory retention for a ferroelectric field-effect transistor is limited by the depolarization effects and carrier charge trapping. Here, the authors fabricate a long-retention memory cell with a metal-ferroelectric-metal-insulator-semiconductor architecture built from all van der Waals single crystals.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Stability and folding pathways of tetra-nucleosome from six-dimensional free energy surface
Nature Communications, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21377-z The three-dimensional organization of chromatin plays critical roles in regulating genome function. Here the authors apply a near atomistic model to study the structure and dynamics of the chromatin folding unit – the tetra-nucleosome – to provide insight into how chromatin folds.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21431-w There is a clinical need to monitor immune-related toxicities of immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Here, the authors develop a digital SERS platform for multiplexed single cytokine counting to track immune-toxicities and demonstrate the ability to use pre-screening to identify patients at higher risk.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21181-9 Elucidating the molecular driving forces underlying liquid–liquid phase separation is a key objective for understanding biological function and malfunction. Here the authors show that a wide range of cellular proteins, including FUS, TDP-43, Brd4, Sox2, and Annexin A11, which form condensates at low salt con
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Stor effekt af allergivaccination på allergisk astma
Personer, der lider af allergisk astma, kan markant reducere risikoen for luftvejsinfektioner og astmaforværringer ved at gennemgå et vaccinationsprogram. Læge og forsker har igangsat et nyt studie til at finde ud af, hvordan allergivaccinationer ser ud til at forbedre immunforsvarets evne til at forsvare sig overfor virus og bakterieinfektioner.
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Nyheder – Forskning – Videnskab
Hver femte dansker vil sende indvandrere med COVID-19 bag i hospitalskøen
Ifølge en ny undersøgelse vil op mod hver femte dansker nedprioritere hospitalssenge til corona-patienter…
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Danmarks sejeste idrætslærer får titlen og stafetten: 'Du hjælper og støtter folk'
En overvældende dag for idrætslæreren Nick Hansen der fik bevægelsesstafetten sammen med titlen som Danmarks sejeste idrætslærer.
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-82274-5
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-82698-z
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
The hidden influence of large particles on ocean colour
Scientific Reports, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83610-5
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Spike bursting in a dragonfly target-detecting neuron
Scientific Reports, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83559-5
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83149-5
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83618-x
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Crosstalk between auxin and gibberellin during stalk elongation in flowering Chinese cabbage
Scientific Reports, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83519-z
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83175-3
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Analytiker: Danmark fører over briternes vaccineudrulning på vigtigt målepunkt
For at vaccinen mod COVID-19 er fuldt effektiv, kræver det to doser. Her er Danmark langt foran Storbritannien, viser nyeste tal. Det nuancerer briternes vaccinesejr, ifølge analytiker.
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A new, clearer insight into Earth's hidden crystals
Geologists have developed a new theory about the state of Earth billions of years ago after examining the very old rocks formed in the Earth's mantle below the continents.
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Nye magneter og protonbundter i krabbegang: Ombygning sætter ekstra blus på LHC
PLUS. Med store og teknisk udfordrende ombygninger bliver der skruet kraftigt op for antallet af kollisioner i Large Hadron Collider fra og med 2027.
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Thunderstorms spew out gamma rays — these scientists want to know why
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00395-3 Researchers in Japan are enlisting an army of citizens to explore how storms on Earth create extreme bursts of radiation.
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Nyheder – Forskning – Videnskab
Danske forskningsinstitutioner tilslutter sig ledende europæisk kulturarvsnetværk
Anført af forskere fra Københavns Universitet vil danske forskningsinstitutioner og museer…
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Maling skal afhjælpe slid fra vind og vejr på store vindmøller
PLUS. En regnvejrssimulator i Lyngby gør det muligt at udvikle overfladebehandlinger til at beskytte de nye store offshore-vindmøller mod hårdt slid i Nordsøen.
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China's Mars mission, vaccine trust and predatory journals
Nature, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00394-4 The latest science news, in brief.
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Bill Gates says rich countries should be eating 100% synthetic beef
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The circular economy can help save the planet – if we start innovating now
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3 ways that the U.S. population will change over the next decade (2 Jan 2020)
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Russian Scientists Are Probing Prehistoric Viruses Emerging From Siberian Permafrost
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Our means of moving goods around this planet of ours are disappointingly slow. Cargo ships go about 20 Knots due to the extreme amount of drag caused by water. Trucks and trains are slightly more impressive at about 70 mph. And airplanes can haul cargo at over 500 mph, but they are extremely expensive due to the fuel needed to lift such mass 35,000 feet into the air. So what can we do? -Ships cou
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Could a Single Vaccine Work Against All Coronaviruses?
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Who Owns Your Data? How Tech Companies Track Your Every Move and How to Fix it
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Bill Gates: The 2021 60 Minutes interview – Starting at mention of nuclear power
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I didn't realize that ethics of eradicating genetic diseases is being questioned…
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Bill Gates: Rich nations should move to '100 percent synthetic beef'
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You can now access blockchain domains using any web browser
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A 'Right To Repair' Law Would Put Australians Back In Control Of Their Tech
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World's First Commercial Space Station Project Just Raised $130 Million
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Physicists Create Microchip 100 Times Faster Than Conventional Ones
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Insect brains will teach us how to make truly intelligent robots
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The next act for messenger RNA could be bigger than covid vaccines
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Forskning & Framsteg – För dig som är nyfiken på allvar
Högre blodtryck om natten kunde kopplas till demens
Hos friska människor varierar blodtrycket normalt över dygnet, på så vis att det sjunker med ungefär tio procent under natten, jämfört med nivåerna dagtid. Detta kallas av läkare "dipping". Mönstret kan också vara omvänt, så att trycket istället ökar nattetid, och kallas då "omvänd dipping".
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
Breeding better seeds: Healthy food for more people
Your morning cereal or oatmeal. The bread on your sandwich. The corn chips for your snack, and the cookies for dessert. Not one would be possible with the humblest of ingredients: the seed.
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The market advantage of a feminine brand name
Researchers from University of Calgary, University of Montana, HEC Paris, and University of Cincinnati published a new paper in the Journal of Marketing that explores the linguistic aspects of a name that can influence brand perceptions without people even realizing it.
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Breeding better seeds: Healthy food for more people
Your morning cereal or oatmeal. The bread on your sandwich. The corn chips for your snack, and the cookies for dessert. Not one would be possible with the humblest of ingredients: the seed.
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Helping behavior may mitigate academic risk for children from low-income neighborhoods
Children raised in neighborhoods with low socio-economic status are at risk for low academic achievement. A new longitudinal study followed young children from such neighborhoods from birth until age seven to explore whether children's capacity to act kindly or generously towards others (prosocial behavior) – including peers, teachers, and family—is linked to their ability to perform well in schoo
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Plastic recycling results in rare metals being found in children's toys and food packaging
Scientists from the University of Plymouth and University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign tested a range of new and used products – including children's toys, office equipment and cosmetic containers – and found they contained quantities of rare earth elements.
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A study recently completed in Europe and North America indicates that the composition of wintering and breeding bird communities changes in line with global warming. However, wintering bird communities are considerably faster at tracking the changing climate compared to breeding communities.
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The market advantage of a feminine brand name
Linguistically feminine brand names are perceived by consumers as warmer and are therefore better liked and more frequently chosen.
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Breeding better seeds: Healthy food for more people
For thousands of years, farmers have worked to perfect their crops. Today, scientists use the latest advances to improve the foundation of civilization — our seeds.
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Ceramic fuel cells: Reduced nickel content leads to improved stability and performance?
A research team in Korea has developed a ceramic fuel cell that offers both stability and high performance while reducing the required amount of catalyst by a factor of 20. The application range for ceramic fuel cells, which have so far only been used for large-scale power generation due to the difficulties associated with frequent start-ups, can be expected to expand to new fields, such as electr
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Helping behavior may mitigate academic risk for children from low-income neighborhoods
Children raised in neighborhoods with low socio-economic status are at risk for low academic achievement. A new longitudinal study followed young children from such neighborhoods from birth until age seven to explore whether children's capacity to act kindly or generously towards others (prosocial behavior) – including peers, teachers, and family – is linked to their ability to perform well in sch
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Latinx youth's helping behavior tied to cultural processes as well as parenting practices
Although interest in studying prosocial behaviors among US Latinx individuals has increased recently, there is still limited existing research with this population. Evidence shows that prosocial behaviors (actions intended to benefit others) are a marker of healthy social functioning and can both support positive development (such as academic achievement) and mitigate problematic outcomes (such as
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Sikkerhedsformand efter Solarwinds-hack: »Den selvfølgelige tillid til softwaregiganterne er væk«
Der er travlhed hos landets forsyningsselskaber, fortæller formanden for Energi-CERT i et interview: Efter det store globale Solarwinds-hackerangreb prøver de danske selskaber at finde ud af, om hackere har udnyttet de digitale bagdøre. Foreløbig er Vestforbrændingen officielt ude som kompromitte…
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Scientists have investigated the genetic regulation of spike development in barley and wheat and they discovered different barley mutants with wheat-like spikes.
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Evolution's game of rock-paper-scissors
A group of scientists has recently provided empirical evidence that evolution can be nontransitive. The team has identified a nontransitive evolutionary sequence through a 1,000-generation yeast evolution experiment. In the experiment, an evolved clone out-competes a recent ancestor but loses in direct competition with a distant ancestor.
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Mental health disorders and alcohol misuse more common in LGB people
Lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB*) people are significantly more likely to have mental health conditions and report alcohol and drug misuse than heterosexual people – according to a new study led by UCL researchers in collaboration with the University of East Anglia and City, University of London.
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Stetoskopet sætter fokus på ulighed i sundhed og to professorer svarer på, hvordan uligheden kan mindskes.
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Gene therapy trials for sickle cell disease halted after two patients develop cancer
Bluebird bio, developer of the gene therapy, is evaluating whether a virus used could have triggered cell growth
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Peer-To-Peer Real Estate Platforms Eliminate Hassles and Upfront Costs
Ask just about any financial adviser and they'll tell you everyone should invest in real estate . The real estate market is generally more stable than the stock market, it has low or sometimes negative correlations to other asset classes, and it offers superior cash flows. The only problem, of course, is that investing in real estate is extremely time consuming and requires a ton of up-front capi
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How soon will COVID-19 vaccines return life to normal?
The shots are beginning to have a societal impact, but herd immunity is a distant dream
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Electricity source determines benefits of electrifying China's vehicles
Researchers have concluded air quality and public health benefits of EVs — as well as their ability to reduce carbon emissions — in China are dependent on the type of transport electrified and the composition of the electric grid.
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Laser Cap Therapy Might Just Be the Baldness Treatment We've Been Waiting For
A lot of people accept hair loss as an inevitable part of growing older, and it's not hard to understand why. Studies show that about 42 percent of men between the ages of 18 and 49 experience moderate to extensive hair loss, while a whopping 85 percent will experience some visible hair loss by the time they turn 50. And it's not just men who suffer from hair loss. An estimated 40 percent of wome
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Leaders valued over managers, regardless of fit
Leaders tend to be loved more than managers, reflecting an implicit societal bias that may be tempered by thinking critically about it, new Cornell University-led research suggests.
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Wildfires can pollute drinking water. That worries some in the hills above Santa Cruz
As the first heavy rains of the season poured across the Santa Cruz Mountains last month, emergency responders and residents braced for debris flows, road closures and power outages.
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The 20 best places to tackle US farm nitrogen pollution
A pioneering study of U.S nitrogen use in agriculture has identified 20 places across the country where farmers, government, and citizens should target nitrogen reduction efforts.
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Optimizing Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) Manufacturing
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The 20 best places to tackle US farm nitrogen pollution
A pioneering study of U.S nitrogen use in agriculture has identified 20 places across the country where farmers, government, and citizens should target nitrogen reduction efforts.The 20 nitrogen "hotspots of opportunity"–which appear on a striking map–represent a whopping 63% of the total surplus nitrogen balance in U.S. croplands, but only 24% of U.S. cropland area. Nitrogen inputs are so high
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Geisel study examines variation in intensity of fracture-associated prescription drug use
A Dartmouth-led study reveals that there is substantial variation across different regions of the country in the intensity of fracture-associated drug use among long-term care residents, and that areas with greater use of these prescription drugs experience higher fracture rates.
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Partners' company helps us stay connected during pandemic
A pair of UCR studies reveal that living with a romantic partner helps people feel more socially connected during COVID-19. But no other pandemic-era social dynamic carries notable benefits, the researchers found: not your kids, not kibitzing with your bestie on Facetime, and not your adorable-adoring pets.
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Star employees get most of the credit—and blame
Working with a "star" employee—someone who demonstrates exceptional performance and enjoys broad visibility relative to industry peers—offers both risks and rewards, according to new research from the Cornell University's ILR School.
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New study reports activated B. infantis EVC001 improves health outcomes in preterm infants
The new study, Impact of probiotic B. infantis EVC001 on the gut microbiome, nosocomially acquired antibiotic resistance, and enteric inflammation in preterm infants reports probiotic supplementation with EVC001 substantially reduces inflammation, diaper rash and antibiotic use in preterm infants. The paper was published in Frontiers in Pediatrics.
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Out of this world: U of I researchers measure photosynthesis from space
In school, we learned that plants use sunlight to synthesize CO2 and water into products like carbohydrates. Now, a U of I research team is finding another use for photosynthesis. By using satellite data to measure plants' CO2 intake and fixation, scientists can generate insights into ecosystem health; specifically, how our agricultural systems will react to an erratic climate and increasingly car
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
Facilitating optogenetic control of plant growth by a microbial rhodopsin
It is almost ten years since the scientific journal Science called optogenetics the "breakthrough of the decade". Put simply, the technique makes it possible to control the electrical activity of cells with pulses of light. With its help, scientists can gain new insights into the functioning of nerve cells, for example, and thus better understand neurological and psychiatric diseases such as depre
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
Researchers solve riddle of plant immune system
How do plants build resilience? An international research team led by the University of Göttingen studied the molecular mechanisms of the plant immune system. They were able to show a connection between a relatively unknown gene and resistance to pathogens. The results of the study were published in the journal The Plant Cell.
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Facilitating optogenetic control of plant growth by a microbial rhodopsin
It is almost ten years since the scientific journal Science called optogenetics the "breakthrough of the decade". Put simply, the technique makes it possible to control the electrical activity of cells with pulses of light. With its help, scientists can gain new insights into the functioning of nerve cells, for example, and thus better understand neurological and psychiatric diseases such as depre
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Researchers solve riddle of plant immune system
How do plants build resilience? An international research team led by the University of Göttingen studied the molecular mechanisms of the plant immune system. They were able to show a connection between a relatively unknown gene and resistance to pathogens. The results of the study were published in the journal The Plant Cell.
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Application of potassium to grass used as cover crop guarantees higher-quality cotton
The use of cover crops between cotton harvests protects the soil, conserves water, and reduces the risk of erosion. Researchers at the University of Western São Paulo (UNOESTE) and São Paulo State University (UNESP) in Brazil found that application of potassium (K) to a grass cover crop grown before cotton in sandy soil lowered production cost and resulted in cotton with a higher market value.
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Creating a highway tunnel for ions
We live in modern times, that is full of electronics. Smartphones, laptops, tablets, and many other devices need electrical energy to operate. Portable devices made our lives easier, so novel solutions in clean energy and its storage are desirable. Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are the most common solutions that dominate the global market and are a huge problem due to their insufficient recovery.
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
Application of potassium to grass used as cover crop guarantees higher-quality cotton
The use of cover crops between cotton harvests protects the soil, conserves water, and reduces the risk of erosion. Researchers at the University of Western São Paulo (UNOESTE) and São Paulo State University (UNESP) in Brazil found that application of potassium (K) to a grass cover crop grown before cotton in sandy soil lowered production cost and resulted in cotton with a higher market value.
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Combination treatment for common glioma type shows promise in mice
Gliomas are common brain tumors that comprise about one third of all cancers of the nervous system. In a study funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), researchers tested a novel combination treatment approach on mice with tumors with characteristics similar to human astrocytomas and found tumor regression in 60 percent of the mice treated. These encouraging results could be the first st
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Tweets reveal new aspect of racially segregated cities
City-dwellers stay racially segregated as they eat, drink, shop, socialize, and travel each day, an analysis of 133 million tweets finds. Decades of social science research have made it abundantly clear that Americans in urban areas live in neighborhoods deeply segregated by race—and they always have. Less clear, however, is whether city-dwellers stay segregated when they leave home and go about
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Slow motion precursors give earthquakes the fast slip
At a glacier near the South Pole, earth scientists have found evidence of a quiet, slow-motion fault slip that triggers strong, fast-slip earthquakes many miles away, according to Cornell University research published in Science Advances .
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Understanding heart disease, stroke in women remains a scientific research priority
The February 2021 issue of Circulation , published online today, features new clinical trial research, state of the art reviews and scientific perspectives exploring the unique challenges women face in their fight against heart disease and stroke.The journal received more than 100 manuscripts for consideration this year, the most ever in the five years the current editorial board has published a s
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What Pseudoviruses Bring to the Study of SARS-CoV-2
Engineered viruses that don't replicate provide a tractable model for scientists to safely study SARS-CoV-2, including research into vaccine efficacy and emerging variants.
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COVID vaccines and safety: what the research says
Nature, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00290-x It is clear that coronavirus vaccines are safe and effective, but as more are rolled out, researchers are learning about the extent and nature of side effects.
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Model helps predict which patients will benefit most from PSMA PET scan
A new study led by researchers at the UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center helps identify which patients with prostate cancer will benefit most from the use of prostate-specific membrane antigen PET imaging, PSMA PET, a novel imaging technique that recently was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
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The Neuroanatomy of Homicide, Empathy & Why Some People Kill
submitted by /u/redditBlueSpecs [link] [comments]
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Podcast: Using recurrent neural network models (RNNs) to understand brains
submitted by /u/HunterCased [link] [comments]
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Hi everyone, I want to get into the PhD program for CogSci in San Diego, and in order to do that I need to get lab experience. The application calls for three letters of recommendation, and it would seem I meet all other requirements. I've come to understand that there are professors running labs that may be open to allowing people to work for them that aren't necessarily students in campus. I wa
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Review article has been published discussing the potential role of lithium to treat COVID-19. see full text article here: https://www.mdpi.com/2218-0532/89/1/11 submitted by /u/abd0142928 [link] [comments]
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RUDN University biologists studied the effect of jungles on global warming
Biologists from RUDN University described the role of tropical rainforests in the production of methane, the second most harmful greenhouse gas after CO2. It turned out that some areas of rainforests not only consumed methane but also emitted it.
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Star employees get most of the credit – and blame
Working with a "star" employee – someone who demonstrates exceptional performance and enjoys broad visibility relative to industry peers – offers both risks and rewards, according to new research from the Cornell University's ILR School.
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Radioactive bone cement found to be safer in treating spinal tumors
A radioactive bone cement that's injected into bone to provide support and local irradiation is proving to be a safer alternative to conventional radiation therapy for bone tumors, according to a study led by University of California, Irvine researchers.
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Antibody-based COVID-19 treatments work best in concert with immune cells
Antibody-based drugs have been authorized for emergency use in COVID-19 patients by the Food and Drug Administration. Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have discovered that the ability to interact with other elements of the immune system is an indispensable part of the effectiveness of such antibodies. The findings could help improve the design of the next genera
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3-D model shows off the insides of a giant permafrost crater
Researchers from the Oil and Gas Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences and their Skoltech colleagues have surveyed the newest known 30-meter deep gas blowout crater on the Yamal Peninsula, which formed in the summer of 2020. The paper was published in the journal Geosciences.
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Hospital wastewater favors multi-resistant bacteria
Scientists from the University of Gothenburg, Sweden present evidence that hospital wastewater, containing elevated levels of antibiotics, rapidly kills antibiotic-sensitive bacteria, while multi-resistant bacteria continue to grow. Hospital sewers may therefore provide conditions that promote the evolution of new forms of antibiotic resistance.
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
Hospital wastewater favors multi-resistant bacteria
Scientists from the University of Gothenburg, Sweden present evidence that hospital wastewater, containing elevated levels of antibiotics, rapidly kills antibiotic-sensitive bacteria, while multi-resistant bacteria continue to grow. Hospital sewers may therefore provide conditions that promote the evolution of new forms of antibiotic resistance.
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
In shallow water, less than 30 meters, the survival of hard corals depends on photosynthetic unicellular algae (zooxanthellae) living in their tissues. But how does the coral adapt at depth when the light disappears? French researchers from the CNRS, EPHE-PSL and their international collaborators, associated with Under the Pole (Expedition III), have studied for the first time the distribution of
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
Perceiving predators: Understanding how plants 'sense' herbivore attack
Nature has its way of maintaining balance. This statement rightly holds true for plants that are eaten by herbivores—insects or even mammals. Interestingly, these plants do not just silently allow themselves to be consumed and destroyed; in fact, they have evolved a defense system to warn them of predator attacks and potentially even ward them off. The defense systems arise as a result of inner an
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In shallow water, less than 30 meters, the survival of hard corals depends on photosynthetic unicellular algae (zooxanthellae) living in their tissues. But how does the coral adapt at depth when the light disappears? French researchers from the CNRS, EPHE-PSL and their international collaborators, associated with Under the Pole (Expedition III), have studied for the first time the distribution of
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Insights from complexity science: More trust in self-organization needed
Globalization, digitalization, sustainabilization—three major waves of transformation are unfolding around the world. The social upheaval caused by these transformation processes has given rise to populist movements that endanger social harmony and threaten democratic values. What rules and institutions can promote stability in the face of such systemic risks? A new study published by the Institut
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New dataset opens Estonian soil information for versatile use
A comprehensive database of Estonian soils and a map application has been completed in cooperation with researchers of the University of Tartu and the Estonian University of Life Sciences. The database makes Estonian soil information easily accessible and can be used from local farm-scale to national-level big data statistical analysis and machine-learning models.
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Internet access spending in public schools increases test scores, but also disciplinary problems
From 2015 to 2019, public school districts in the United States invested nearly $5 billion to upgrade their Wi-Fi networks, according to EducationSuperHighway. However, in the age of COVID-19-mandated virtual learning, millions of K-12 students still lack the minimal connectivity at home for digital learning.
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Perceiving predators: Understanding how plants 'sense' herbivore attack
Nature has its way of maintaining balance. This statement rightly holds true for plants that are eaten by herbivores—insects or even mammals. Interestingly, these plants do not just silently allow themselves to be consumed and destroyed; in fact, they have evolved a defense system to warn them of predator attacks and potentially even ward them off. The defense systems arise as a result of inner an
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High Quality, Automated Molecular Imaging
Researchers obtain high-quality images with an advanced imaging technology.
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Molecular imaging determines effectiveness of novel metastatic breast cancer treatment
Molecular imaging can successfully predict response to a novel treatment for ER-positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer patients who are resistant to hormonal therapy. According to research published in the February issue of The Journal of Nuclear Medicine, positron emission tomography (PET) imaging using an imaging agent called 18F-fluoroestradiol can help to determine which patients cou
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Identifying "ugly ducklings" to catch skin cancer earlier
Melanoma is by far the deadliest form of skin cancer, but very few people get a full skin exam by a dermatologist every year. Now, a new AI system designed by the Wyss Institute and MIT based on convolutional deep neural networks has successfully replicated dermatologists' "ugly duckling" process of evaluating multiple skin lesions with ~90% accuracy using smartphone images, allowing effective scr
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Fixer-upper: Understanding the DNA repair toolkit to chart cancer evolution
DNA repair pathways exist to correct molecular damage caused by internal and external factors. However, any damage to these pathways can result in the creation of tumors and specific types of cancers. A group of scientists from China have conducted an extensive investigation into the relationship of DNA repair pathways with cancer evolution. Their review, been published in Cancer Biology & Medicin
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Researchers take early step toward leukemia drug therapy
The team has discovered that for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, there is a dopamine receptor pathway that becomes abnormally activated in the cancer stem cells. This inspired the clinical investigation of a dopamine receptor-inhibiting drug thioridazine as a new therapy for patients, and their focus on adult AML has revealed encouraging results.
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Nursing home staff responses to pandemic reveal resilience, shortcomings: Concordia study
Writing in the Journal of Comparative Policy Analysis: Research and Practice, PhD student Daniel Dickson, his supervisor Patrik Marier, professor of political science, and co-author Robert Henry Cox of the University of South Carolina perform a comparative analysis of nursing home workers' experiences. In it, they look at Quebec (including those at government-run CHSLDs), British Columbia, Washing
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Researchers solve riddle of plant immune system
How do plants build resilience? An international research team led by the University of Göttingen studied the molecular mechanisms of the plant immune system. They were able to show a connection between a relatively unknown gene and resistance to pathogens. The results of the study were published in the journal The Plant Cell.
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Neandertal gene variants both increase and decrease the risk for severe COVID-19
Last year, researchers at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden and the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany showed that a major genetic risk factor for severe COVID-19 is inherited from Neandertals. Now the same researchers show, in a study published in PNAS , that Neandertals also contributed a protective variant. Half of all people outside Africa carry a Neandertal g
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NREL heats up thermal energy storage with new solution meant to ease grid stress
Scientists from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) have developed a simple way to better evaluate the potential of novel materials to store or release heat on demand in your home, office, or other building in a way that more efficiently manages the building's energy use.
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Biodegradable microcapsules deliver nerve growth factor to guide neuronal development
Researchers from Skoltech and their colleagues have demonstrated that nanoengineered biodegradable microcapsules can guide the development of hippocampal neurons in an in vitro experiment. The microcapsules deliver nerve growth factor, a peptide necessary for neuron growth.
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High public support for strict COVID measures but lower level of trust in gov
High levels of public support for strict measures to control COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic did not reflect high levels of public trust in the UK government's honesty, transparency or motives, suggests a new study published in PLOS One.
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
Researchers at IMBA—Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences–unveil functional and mechanistic details in small RNA-mediated co-transcriptional gene silencing. The results are published in the journal Genes & Development.
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Researchers at IMBA—Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences–unveil functional and mechanistic details in small RNA-mediated co-transcriptional gene silencing. The results are published in the journal Genes & Development.
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Robotic eyes spy the flash of a meteor on Jupiter
Nature, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00417-0 Tens of thousands of fireballs of a similar size blaze above the giant planet every year, researchers estimate.
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COVID-19 infection rates high in pregnant women
The study also showed that the number of COVID-19 infections in pregnant patients from nearly all communities of color in Washington was high. There was a twofold to fourfold higher prevalence of pregnant patients with COVID-19 infections from communities of color than expected based on the race-ethnicity distribution of pregnant women in Washington in 2018.
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IU researchers find disease-related gene changes in kidney tissue
Researchers from Indiana University have identified key genetic changes in the interstitial kidney tissue of people with diabetes, a discovery that signifies the potential for a revolutionary new genetic approach to the treatment of kidney disease. They will contribute their findings to the Kidney Precision Medicine Project's (KPMP) "cell atlas," a set of maps used to classify and locate different
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First test for all known human coronaviruses, including new SARS-CoV-2 variants
Scientists at the Center for Infection and Immunity (CII) at Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health and SunYat-Sen University in China have set the stage for the development of highly sensitive antibody tests for infection with all known human coronaviruses, including new variants of SARS-CoV-2. These tests should also allow differentiation of immune responses due to infection and vac
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Crocodile evolution rebooted by Ice Age glaciations
Crocodiles are resilient animals from a lineage that has survived for over 200 million years. Skilled swimmers, crocodiles can travel long distances and live in freshwater to marine environments. But they can't roam far overland. American crocodiles (Crocodylus acutus) are found in the Caribbean and Pacific coasts of the Neotropics but they arrived in the Pacific before Panama existed, according t
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Application of potassium to grass used as cover crop guarantees higher-quality cotton
In an article, Brazilian researchers show that besides simplifying operational logistics and improving production, fertilization of the grass used as a cover crop can reduce fertilizer use in the long run.
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Researchers developed a low-cost, high-performance, sustainable lead-based anode for lithium-ion batteries that can power hybrid and all-electric vehicles. They also uncovered its previously unknown reaction mechanism during charge and discharge.
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Insights from complexity science: More trust in self-organization needed
Globalization, digitalization, sustainabilization – three major waves of transformation are unfolding around the world. The social upheaval caused by these transformation processes has given rise to populist movements that endanger social harmony and threaten democratic values. What rules and institutions can promote stability in the face of such systemic risks? A new study published by the Instit
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It's morally wrong for rich nations to hoard COVID-19 vaccine
Rich nations should not engage in "vaccine nationalism" and keep the COVID-19 vaccine to themselves when poorer nations need them, according to Nicole Hassoun, professor of philosophy at Binghamton University, State University of New York. Hassoun's paper, "Against Vaccine Nationalism," was published in the Journal of Medical Ethics.
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Color 'windows' could turn light from inside or out into power
Researchers have suggested a colorful solution to next-generation energy collection: Luminescent solar concentrators in your windows. The team designed and built foot-square " windows " that sandwich a conjugated polymer between two clear acrylic panels. That thin middle layer is the secret sauce. It's designed to absorb light in a specific wavelength and guide it to panel edges lined with solar
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New dataset opens Estonian soil information for versatile use
A comprehensive database of Estonian soils and a map application has been completed in cooperation with researchers of the University of Tartu and the Estonian University of Life Sciences. The database makes Estonian soil information easily accessible and can be used from local farm-scale to national-level big data statistical analysis and machine-learning models.
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Study sheds light on how people cope with health challenges and medical debt
A recent qualitative study sheds light on how people cope with health and financial challenges, highlighting the important role that communication plays in these coping strategies.
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A sharper look at the interior of semiconductors
A research team at Friedrich Schiller University Jena (Germany) developed a high-resolution imaging method based on extreme short-wave UV light. It can be used to examine internal structures in semiconductors non-destructively, and with nanometre precision as the team reported in the current issue of the journal 'Optica'.
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Unexpected findings on weight loss and breast cancer from international study in JNCCN
New research in the February 2021 issue of JNCCN–Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network examined body mass index (BMI) data for people with HER2-positive early breast cancer, and found a 5% weight loss in patients over two years in was associated with worse outcomes. Weight gain over the same time period did not affect survival rates.
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Novel flexible terahertz camera can inspect objects with diverse shapes
Scientists at Tokyo Institute of Technology (Tokyo Tech) and RIKEN have developed a flexible, free-standing, and versatile terahertz (THz) camera patch. This novel camera overcomes the limitations of the conventional THz cameras that are bulky and rigid. With its high sensitivity, adaptability, and ease of filming irregularly shaped objects, it is a potential tool for effective quality control of
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Research linking violent entertainment to aggression retracted after scrutiny
Questioned psychology papers linger on in meta-analyses
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Internet access spending in public schools increases test scores, but also disciplinary problems
In a new study from the University of Notre Dame, researchers quantify how school district connectivity increases test scores, but underscore the dark side of technology — increased behavior problems.
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The body produces new satiety factor during prolonged exercise
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen confirm that the hormone GDF15 is released in response to vigorous exercise, but likely not in sufficient quantity to affect behavior or appetite. These findings add nuance to a hormone that is currently under scrutiny for its potential as an anti-obesity medication.
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Individual differences in Achilles tendon shape can affect susceptibility to injury
Individual variation in the shape and structure of the Achilles tendon may influence our susceptibility to injury later in life, says a study published today in eLife.
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Optogenetics can be used to activate and study cells in a targeted manner using light. Scientists at the University of Würzburg have now succeeded in transferring this technique to plants.
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Perceiving predators: Understanding how plants 'sense' herbivore attack
Plants are known to possess solid immune response mechanisms. One such response is "sensing" attack by herbivorous animals. In a new review article, Prof. Arimura from Tokyo University of Science, Japan, discusses "elicitors"–the molecules that initiate plant defense mechanisms against herbivore attack. He highlights the major types of elicitors and the underlying cellular signaling, and states t
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Differences in walking patterns could predict type of cognitive decline in older adults
Canadian researchers are the first to study how different patterns in the way older adults walk could more accurately diagnose different types of dementia and identify Alzheimer's disease.
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Predicting words' grammatical properties helps us read faster
Psycholinguists from the HSE Centre for Language and Brain found that when reading, people are not only able to predict specific words, but also words' grammatical properties, which helps them to read faster. Researchers have also discovered that predictability of words and grammatical features can be successfully modelled with the use of neural networks. The study was published in the journal PLO
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Finding coronavirus's helper proteins
A group of scientists led by EMBL's Mikhail Savitski, Nassos Typas, and Pedro Beltrao, and collaborator Steeve Boulant at Heidelberg University Hospital, have analysed how the novel coronavirus affects proteins in human cells. They identified several human proteins as potential drug targets to prevent viral replication.
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Observations at a shed light on how hard coral survives without light
French researchers have studied for the first time the distribution of hard corals in the French Polynesian archipelago, from the surface to 120 metres deep. As the amount of light decreases, this coral associates with other filamentous algae, in addition to zooxanthellae, which become inserted into its skeleton. These algae, the only ones found at this depth, could therefore play an important rol
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
In This Issue [This Week in PNAS]
MICROBIOLOGY Reversible state in persistent Staphylococcus aureus infections Murine abscess pus containing both live (Syto-9 in green) and dead (propidium iodide in red) S. aureus after antibiotic therapy. Staphylococcus aureus can cause life-threatening infections such as bacteremia and endocarditis. Even nonresistant S. aureus can withstand high concentrations of antibiotics, and…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Behaviors that rely on the hippocampus are particularly susceptible to chronological aging, with many aged animals (including humans) maintaining cognition at a young adult-like level, but many others the same age showing marked impairments. It is unclear whether the ability to maintain cognition over time is attributable to brain maintenance,…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Neural circuits are structured with layers of converging and diverging connectivity and selectivity-inducing nonlinearities at neurons and synapses. These components have the potential to hamper an accurate encoding of the circuit inputs. Past computational studies have optimized the nonlinearities of single neurons, or connection weights in networks, to maximize encoded…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
The extent of soil loss across the US Corn Belt [Environmental Sciences]
Soil erosion in agricultural landscapes reduces crop yields, leads to loss of ecosystem services, and influences the global carbon cycle. Despite decades of soil erosion research, the magnitude of historical soil loss remains poorly quantified across large agricultural regions because preagricultural soil data are rare, and it is challenging to…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
The evolution of siphonophore tentilla for specialized prey capture in the open ocean [Evolution]
Predator specialization has often been considered an evolutionary "dead end" due to the constraints associated with the evolution of morphological and functional optimizations throughout the organism. However, in some predators, these changes are localized in separate structures dedicated to prey capture. One of the most extreme cases of this modularity…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Most eukaryotes possess two RecA-like recombinases (ubiquitous Rad51 and meiosis-specific Dmc1) to promote interhomolog recombination during meiosis. However, some eukaryotes have lost Dmc1. Given that mammalian and yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sc) Dmc1 have been shown to stabilize recombination intermediates containing mismatches better than Rad51, we used the Pezizomycotina filamentous fungus
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Tethered photoswitches are molecules with two photo-dependent isomeric forms, each with different actions on their biological targets. They include reactive chemical groups capable of covalently binding to their target. Our aim was to develop a β-subunit-tethered propofol photoswitch (MAP20), as a tool to better study the mechanism of anesthesia through…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Darwin, sexual selection, and the brain [Evolution]
One hundred fifty years ago Darwin published The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex, in which he presented his theory of sexual selection with its emphasis on sexual beauty. However, it was not until 50 y ago that there was a renewed interest in Darwin's theory in…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Deep neural networks provide the current best models of visual information processing in the primate brain. Drawing on work from computer vision, the most commonly used networks are pretrained on data from the ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge. This dataset comprises images from 1,000 categories, selected to provide a…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Reduced activity of insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) increases healthy lifespan among diverse animal species. Downstream of IIS, multiple evolutionarily conserved transcription factors (TFs) are required; however, distinct TFs are likely responsible for these effects in different tissues. Here we have asked which TFs can extend healthy lifespan within distinct…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Terrestrial vegetation and soils hold three times more carbon than the atmosphere. Much debate concerns how anthropogenic activity will perturb these surface reservoirs, potentially exacerbating ongoing changes to the climate system. Uncertainties specifically persist in extrapolating point-source observations to ecosystem-scale budgets and fluxes, which require consideration of vertical and later
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Inflorescence architecture dictates the number of flowers and, ultimately, seeds. The architectural discrepancies between two related cereals, barley and wheat, are controlled by differences in determinacy of inflorescence and spikelet meristems. Here, we characterize two allelic series of mutations named intermedium-m (int-m) and double seed1 (dub1) that convert barley indeterminate…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Single-nucleotide variants (SNVs), pertinent to aging and disease, occur sporadically in the human genome, hence necessitating single-cell measurements. However, detection of single-cell SNVs suffers from false positives (FPs) due to intracellular single-stranded DNA damage and the process of whole-genome amplification (WGA). Here, we report a single-cell WGA method termed multiplexed…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Type IV pili (TFP) function through cycles of extension and retraction. The coordination of these cycles remains mysterious due to a lack of quantitative measurements of multiple features of TFP dynamics. Here, we fluorescently label TFP in the pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa and track full extension and retraction cycles of individual…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
The maintenance of sufficient but nontoxic pools of metal micronutrients is accomplished through diverse homeostasis mechanisms in fungi. Siderophores play a well established role for iron homeostasis; however, no copper-binding analogs have been found in fungi. Here we demonstrate that, in Aspergillus fumigatus, xanthocillin and other isocyanides derived from the…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Optimizing the selection of fillers in police lineups [Psychological and Cognitive Sciences]
A typical police lineup contains a photo of one suspect (who is innocent in a target-absent lineup and guilty in a target-present lineup) plus photos of five or more fillers who are known to be innocent. To create a fair lineup in which the suspect does not stand out, two…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
A backward-spinning star with two coplanar planets [Astronomy]
It is widely assumed that a star and its protoplanetary disk are initially aligned, with the stellar equator parallel to the disk plane. When observations reveal a misalignment between stellar rotation and the orbital motion of a planet, the usual interpretation is that the initial alignment was upset by gravitational…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
In this study, we utilized a panel of human immunoglobulin (Ig) IgA monoclonal antibodies isolated from the plasmablasts of eight donors after 2014/2015 influenza virus vaccination (Fluarix) to study the binding and functional specificities of this isotype. In this cohort, isolated IgA monoclonal antibodies were primarily elicited against the hemagglutinin…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Both gene repressor (Polycomb-dependent) and activator (Polycomb-independent) functions of the Polycomb protein enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) are implicated in cancer progression. EZH2 protein can be phosphorylated at various residues, such as threonine 487 (T487), by CDK1 kinase, and such phosphorylation acts as a Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2)…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Experiencing some early life adversity can have an "inoculating" effect that promotes resilience in adulthood. However, the mechanisms underlying stress inoculation are unknown, and animal models are lacking. Here we used the limited bedding and nesting (LBN) model of adversity to evaluate stress inoculation of addiction-related phenotypes. In LBN, pups…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Complex systems can convert energy imparted by nonequilibrium forces to regulate how quickly they transition between long-lived states. While such behavior is ubiquitous in natural and synthetic systems, currently there is no general framework to relate the enhancement of a transition rate to the energy dissipated or to bound the…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
GFRAL-expressing neurons suppress food intake via aversive pathways [Neuroscience]
The TGFβ cytokine family member, GDF-15, reduces food intake and body weight and represents a potential treatment for obesity. Because the brainstem-restricted expression pattern of its receptor, GDNF Family Receptor α–like (GFRAL), presents an exciting opportunity to understand mechanisms of action for area postrema neurons in food intake; we generated…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Repeated blood feedings are required for adult female mosquitoes to maintain their gonadotrophic cycles, enabling them to be important pathogen carriers of human diseases. Elucidating the molecular mechanism underlying developmental switches between these mosquito gonadotrophic cycles will provide valuable insight into mosquito reproduction and could aid in the identification of…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Transiently structured head domains control intermediate filament assembly [Biochemistry]
Low complexity (LC) head domains 92 and 108 residues in length are, respectively, required for assembly of neurofilament light (NFL) and desmin intermediate filaments (IFs). As studied in isolation, these IF head domains interconvert between states of conformational disorder and labile, β-strand–enriched polymers. Solid-state NMR (ss-NMR) spectroscopic studies of NFL…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) produced by atmospheric oxidation of primary emitted precursors is a major contributor to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution worldwide. Observations during winter haze pollution episodes in urban China show that most of this SOA originates from fossil-fuel combustion but the chemical mechanisms involved are unclear….
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
A surprising formula for Sobolev norms [Mathematics]
We establish the equivalence between the Sobolev seminorm ‖∇u‖Lp and a quantity obtained when replacing strong Lp by weak Lp in the Gagliardo seminorm |u|Ws,p computed at s=1. As corollaries we derive alternative estimates in some exceptional cases (involving W1,1) where the "anticipated" fractional Sobolev and Gagliardo–Nirenberg inequalities fail.
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
BIOPHYSICS AND COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY Correction for "Locking mixed-lineage kinase domain-like protein in its auto-inhibited state prevents necroptosis," by Martin Rübbelke, Dennis Fiegen, Margit Bauer, Florian Binder, James Hamilton, Jim King, Sven Thamm, Herbert Nar, and Markus Zeeb, which was first published December 14, 2020; 10.1073/pnas.2017406117 (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A….
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Lawmakers' use of scientific evidence can be improved [Political Sciences]
Core to the goal of scientific exploration is the opportunity to guide future decision-making. Yet, elected officials often miss opportunities to use science in their policymaking. This work reports on an experiment with the US Congress—evaluating the effects of a randomized, dual-population (i.e., researchers and congressional offices) outreach model for…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Planktivores as trophic drivers of global coral reef fish diversity patterns [Ecology]
One of the most prominent features of life on Earth is the uneven number of species across large spatial scales. Despite being inherently linked to energetic constraints, these gradients in species richness distribution have rarely been examined from a trophic perspective. Here we dissect the global diversity of over 3,600…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Despite advancements in prosthetic technologies, patients with amputation today suffer great diminution in mobility and quality of life. We have developed a modified below-knee amputation (BKA) procedure that incorporates agonist–antagonist myoneural interfaces (AMIs), which surgically preserve and couple agonist–antagonist muscle pairs for the subtalar and ankle joints. AMIs are designed…
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Cells use concentration gradients as a compass
Biophysicists at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet (LMU) in Munch have developed a new theory, which accounts for the observation that cells can perceive their own shapes, and use this information to direct the distribution of proteins inside the cell.
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Delayed medical treatment of high-impact injuries: A lesson from the Syrian civil war
Researchers report that patients injured in the facial bones by high-speed fire and operated on approximately 2-4 weeks after the injury suffered fewer post-operative complications compared to those wounded who underwent immediate surgical treatment. They hypothesize that this is due to a critical period of time before surgery, which facilitates healing and formation of new blood vessels in the ar
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We live in modern times, that is full of electronics. Smartphones, laptops, tablets, and many other devices need electrical energy to operate. Portable devices made our lives easier, so novel solutions in clean energy and its storage are desirable. Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are the most common solutions that dominate the global market and are a huge problem due to their insufficient recovery.
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Psychotherapy for panic disorder shows positive long-term effects
Psychotherapy for panic disorder produces good results, and the effects are lasting. That is the result from a large long-term study from Lund University in Sweden. Two years after treatment were 70 per cent of the patients clearly improved and 45 per cent were remitted.
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The effect of natural disasters on criminal–and charitable–activity in the USA
While media has popularized a notion of widespread looting and chaos in the wake of major disasters, the researchers found that communities impacted by disasters actually experience a decrease in crime. Their article also found a marked increase in philanthropic activity amongst people that live nearby disaster areas but weren't directly affected by the disaster.
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Army researchers expand study of ethics, artificial intelligence
The Army of the future will involve humans and autonomous machines working together to accomplish the mission. According to Army researchers, this vision will only succeed if artificial intelligence is perceived to be ethical.
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A performance leap for Graphene modulators in next generation datacom and telecom
An international team of researchers reports in Nature Communications the development of a graphene-based optical modulator that proves outstanding performances in modulation efficiency, stability and high speed.
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How icebergs really melt — and what this could mean for climate change
Iceberg melt is responsible for about half the fresh water entering the ocean from the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets. Accurately modelling how it enters is important for understanding potential impact on ocean circulation.
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It takes two to tango: When cells interact
When normal, motile cells come into contact, they typically change direction to avoid collision. But cancer cells behave quite differently. A new statistical analysis sheds light on the basis for this difference.
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
Breakthrough in the fight against spruce bark beetles
For the first time, a research team led by Lund University in Sweden has mapped out exactly what happens when spruce bark beetles use their sense of smell to find trees and partners to reproduce with. The hope is that the results will lead to better pest control and protection of the forest in the future.
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Breakthrough in the fight against spruce bark beetles
For the first time, a research team led by Lund University in Sweden has mapped out exactly what happens when spruce bark beetles use their sense of smell to find trees and partners to reproduce with. The hope is that the results will lead to better pest control and protection of the forest in the future.
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Millions struggle without power as cold snap grips US
Millions were left without power as a deadly winter storm gripped the southern and central United States Tuesday, as weather chaos elsewhere saw at least three people killed when a tornado smashed into their community.
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International team first to stack virus resistance plus iron and zinc in a non-cereal crop
Delivering the benefits of agricultural biotechnology to smallholder farmers requires that resources be directed toward staple food crops. To achieve effect at scale, beneficial traits must be integrated into multiple, elite farmer-preferred varieties with relevance across geographical regions.
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
A metagenomics approach to investigate microbiome sociobiology [Evolution]
The theory of kin selection is the framework to explain the evolution of social interactions that abound across the diversity of life (1). Observing cooperative behavior posed a challenge to Darwin, but with social insects in mind he proposed that natural selection at the family level can favor helping relatives…
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High-tech start-ups benefit from Twitter hype
The short message service Twitter has played a prominent role in US politics in recent weeks and months and attracted a lot of attention. Even in business, Twitter users' tweets are being closely followed and used as a basis for decision-making. A new study shows that venture capitalists can also be influenced by Twitter sentiment when valuing start-up companies from the high-tech sector. "However
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Regional variation in the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on data collection
The COVID-19 pandemic has changed life as we know it all around the world. It's changed human behavior, and that has major consequences for data-gathering citizen-science projects such as eBird, run by the Cornell Lab of Ornithology. This worldwide database now contains more than a billion observations and is a mainstay of many scientific studies of bird populations. Newly published research in th
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Fujitsu leverages world's fastest supercomputer and AI to predict tsunami flooding
A new AI model that harnesses the power of the world's fastest supercomputer, Fugaku, can rapidly predict tsunami flooding in coastal areas before the tsunami reaches land.
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Campylobacter strains exchange genes, can become more virulent and antibiotic resistant
New research from North Carolina State University has found that Campylobacter bacteria persist throughout poultry production—from farm to grocery shelves—and that two of the most common strains are exchanging genetic material, which could result in more antibiotic-resistant and infectious Campylobacter strains.
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A research team led by Prof. Dr. Maria von Korff Schmising from Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf (HHU) and the Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research (MPIPZ) in Cologne investigated the genetic regulation of spike development in barley and wheat. As reported in the current issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), they discovered different barley mutants w
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
International team first to stack virus resistance plus iron and zinc in a non-cereal crop
Delivering the benefits of agricultural biotechnology to smallholder farmers requires that resources be directed toward staple food crops. To achieve effect at scale, beneficial traits must be integrated into multiple, elite farmer-preferred varieties with relevance across geographical regions.
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
Regional variation in the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on data collection
The COVID-19 pandemic has changed life as we know it all around the world. It's changed human behavior, and that has major consequences for data-gathering citizen-science projects such as eBird, run by the Cornell Lab of Ornithology. This worldwide database now contains more than a billion observations and is a mainstay of many scientific studies of bird populations. Newly published research in th
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
Campylobacter strains exchange genes, can become more virulent and antibiotic resistant
New research from North Carolina State University has found that Campylobacter bacteria persist throughout poultry production—from farm to grocery shelves—and that two of the most common strains are exchanging genetic material, which could result in more antibiotic-resistant and infectious Campylobacter strains.
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
A research team led by Prof. Dr. Maria von Korff Schmising from Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf (HHU) and the Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research (MPIPZ) in Cologne investigated the genetic regulation of spike development in barley and wheat. As reported in the current issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), they discovered different barley mutants w
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How healthy lifestyle behaviours can improve cholesterol profiles
Combining healthy lifestyle interventions reduces heart disease through beneficial effects on different lipoproteins and associated cholesterols, according to a study published February 9 in eLife.
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Sloshing quantum fluids of light and matter to probe superfluidity
'Sloshing' of a quantum fluid comprised of light and matter reveals superfluid properties. An Australian-led team have successfully created sloshing quantum liquids in a 'bucket' formed by containment lasers, gaining new insights of the intriguing superfluid properties of this peculiar, hybrid light-matter system. Superfluidity–the flow of particles without resistance–is pursued by FLEET researc
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Cloudy eyes caused by protein imbalance
Cataracts are the most common eye ailment in humans. However, the exact processes leading to this condition are not fully understood. A team of researchers headed by the Technical University of Munich (TUM) has now discovered that the composition of the protein solution plays a decisive role. Their conclusions are contrary to prevailing opinion in the field.
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Nanotechnologies reduce friction and improve durability of materials
A team of scientists from the National Research Nuclear University MEPhI and Immanuel Kant Baltic State Federal University suggested using innovative thin films to considerably reduce friction and thus increase the durability of surfaces in mechanisms. This discovery can be important for many fields, from medicine to space technologies.
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Past earthquakes triggered large rockslides in the Eastern Alps
Geologists from the University of Innsbruck shed new light on a long-lasting debate about the trigger mechanism of large rockslides. Lake mud in two Alpine lakes in Tyrol reveal that rare strong earthquakes are the final cause of multiple, prehistoric rockslides in the Eastern Alps. The steep rock slopes were degraded by a series of prehistoric earthquakes, larger than any of the historically docu
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Researchers at IMBA — Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences — unveil functional and mechanistic details in small RNA-mediated co-transcriptional gene silencing. The results are published in the journal Genes & Development.
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Solution to puzzling phenomenon may open door to improved Cold Spray efficiency
An international team of researchers has solved a puzzling phenomenon whereby strangely beautiful, vortex-like structures appear between materials deposited onto engineering components used in multiple settings – from space shuttles to household items and everyday transport vehicles The discovery may ultimately improve the efficiency of the "Cold Spray" (CS) deposition process from which these str
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Secret to how cholera adapts to temperature revealed
Scientists have discovered an essential protein in cholera-causing bacteria that allows them to adapt to changes in temperature, according to a study published today in eLife.
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Breakthrough in the fight against spruce bark beetles
For the first time, a research team led by Lund University in Sweden has mapped out exactly what happens when spruce bark beetles use their sense of smell to find trees and partners to reproduce with. The hope is that the results will lead to better pest control and protection of the forest in the future.
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International team first to stack virus resistance plus iron & zinc in a non-cereal crop
For the first time, an international team of scientists have developed cassava displaying high-level resistance to cassava mosaic disease (CMD), cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) as well as higher levels of iron and zinc. This is the first time that disease resistance and multiple biofortification traits have been stacked in this manner in a non-cereal crop.
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Experimental tests of relativistic chemistry will update the periodic table
Researchers from Osaka University used a particle accelerator and co-precipitation to study the chemical reactivity of single rutherfordium atoms. Such experiments will continue the advancement of relativistic chemistry that is pertinent to a range of applications including renewable energy and new materials.
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HKU planetary scientists discover evidence for a reduced atmosphere on ancient Mars
The transition from a reduced planet to an oxidized planet is referred to as the Great Oxidation Event or GOE. This transition was a central part of our planet's evolution, and fundamentally linked to the evolution of life here — specifically to the prevalence of photosynthesis that produced oxygen. Planetary geologists at HKU have discovered that Mars underwent a great oxygenation event of its o
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Plant as superhero during nuclear power plant accidents
A collaborative study by a group of scientists from Iwate University, The University of Tokyo and Shimane University, Japan demonstrated for the first time that two ATP binding cassette proteins ABCG33 and ABCG37 function as potassium-independent cesium uptake carriers.
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3D model shows off the insides of a giant permafrost crater
Researchers from Skoltech have surveyed the newest known 30-meter deep gas blowout crater on the Yamal Peninsula, which formed in the summer of 2020. They piloted the drone used for crater surveillance; that was the first time a drone flew inside the crater for "underground aerial survey" 10 to 15 meters below ground, running the risk of losing the aircraft.
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The smallest galaxies in our universe bring more about dark matter to light
Our universe is dominated by a mysterious matter known as dark matter. Its name comes from the fact that dark matter does not absorb, reflect or emit electromagnetic radiation, making it difficult to detect.
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Cancer research: Targeted elimination of leukemic stem cells
Cancer research in Bern has discovered a further mechanism to combat leukemia: a research team at Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and the University of Bern has succeeded in identifying an important signaling pathway for regulating leukemic stem cells. With this discovery, the researchers are expanding the arsenal of potentially highly effective drugs against leukemia.
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Tiny group of companies make 60% of ocean revenues
A relatively small cohort of companies generates more than half the annual revenues in the ocean economy, according to new data. Dubbed the "Ocean 100," these transnational companies collectively earned $1.1 trillion in revenues in 2018, according to the report in Science Advances . That sum represents about 60% of total revenues from ocean-based economic activity in 2018, the most recent data av
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Ultrabright dots see beyond skin deep
Tiny light-emitting probes give researchers a better option for noninvasive imaging of living tissue.
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Hospital wastewater favors multi-resistant bacteria
Scientists from the University of Gothenburg, Sweden presents evidence that hospital wastewater, containing elevated levels of antibiotics, rapidly kills antibiotic-sensitive bacteria, while multi-resistant bacteria continue to grow. Hospital sewers may therefore provide conditions that promote the evolution of new forms of antibiotic resistance.
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The research team led by Dr. Christine Kaimer from the Microbial Biology department at Ruhr-Universität Bochum (RUB) has taken a close look at predatory bacteria, which feed on other bacteria. Through microscopic examinations and protein analyses, they characterized the strategies used by the soil bacterium Myxococcus xanthus: It combines several mechanisms to kill structurally different prey bact
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Asthma may heighten flu risk and cause dangerous mutations
A subtype of asthma in adults may cause higher susceptibility to influenza and could result in dangerous flu mutations. University of Queensland-led animal studies have found that paucigranulocytic asthma (PGA) – a non-allergic form of the condition – allows the flu virus to flourish in greater numbers in sufferers.
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Health survey conveys messages on how we should live
The questions in a health survey aimed at young people raise issues of status and convey norms about what people should own and how they should be. This is according to a study from Linköping University. The results have been published in the journal Children & Society.
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High-tech start-ups benefit from Twitter hype
Study shows correlation between Twitter sentiment and the valuation of start-ups by venture capitalists / Patents are stronger indicators of long-term success
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ASHP publishes reports exploring pharmacy's role in future of healthcare delivery
ASHP today announced the publication of two landmark reports that articulate a futuristic vision for pharmacy practice, including expanded roles for the pharmacy enterprise in healthcare organizations. The 2021 ASHP/ASHP Foundation Pharmacy Forecast Report and the Vizient Pharmacy Network High-Value Pharmacy Enterprise (HVPE) framework, published in AJHP, outline opportunities for pharmacy leaders
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Bacteria and algae get rides in clouds
Human health and ecosystems could be affected by microbes including cyanobacteria and algae that hitch rides in clouds and enter soil, lakes, oceans and other environments when it rains, according to a Rutgers co-authored study.
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Supercomputer turns back cosmic clock
Astronomers have tested a method for reconstructing the state of the early Universe by applying it to 4000 simulated universes using the ATERUI II supercomputer at the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ). They found that together with new observations the method can set better constraints on inflation, one of the most enigmatic events in the history of the Universe. The method can sh
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Exercise now proven to have mental health benefits for prostate cancer
New Edith Cowan University (ECU) research has found that exercise not only has physical benefits for men with prostate cancer, it also helps reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety.
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Unlocking the mystery behind skeletal aging
Researchers from the UCLA School of Dentistry have identified the role a critical enzyme plays in skeletal aging and bone loss, putting them one step closer to understanding the complex biological mechanisms that lead to osteoporosis, the bone disease that afflicts some 200 million people worldwide. Findings, published online in the journal Cell Stem Cell, could hold an important key to developing
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Regional variation in the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on data collection
The COVID-19 pandemic has changed human behavior, and that has major consequences for data-gathering citizen-science projects such as eBird, run by the Cornell Lab of Ornithology. New research finds that when human behaviors change, so do the data.
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To improve immunotherapy, researchers look to shift immune cells' access to sugar
New research from Memorial Sloan Kettering scientists suggests that a way to improve immunotherapy is by altering immune cells' access to sugar.
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How Radon Might Be Impacting Your Health — and What to Do About It
With an increase in the amount of time spent at home due to COVID-19, testing for radon is the only way to know if you and your family are at risk of exposure.
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From Cell Culture to Target Protein
Researchers optimize protein expression workflows with new 24-well filter plates.
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Geology of a Formerly Wet Planet at the Mars Perseverance Rover Landing Site
If all goes well, NASA will land the most sophisticated rover ever on Mars this week. Why is it a good spot to look for the signs of past life?
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Study demonstrates the reasons to screen children with cancer for inherited cancer genes
Experts at MSK Kids, the pediatric oncology program at MSK, have found that inherited cancer genes are more common than expected in children with cancer.
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Experimental demonstration of measurement-dependent realities possible, researcher says
Holger F. Hofmann, professor in the Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, published a method to experimentally demonstrate the precision of quantum measurements on Feb. 3 in Physical Review Research. His work has implications for our fundamental understanding of physics at the level of individual quantum objects.
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Harmful alcohol use rising during pandemic, UArizona Health Sciences researchers say
The pandemic has seen a significant, alarming trend of increased alcohol use and abuse – especially among younger adults, males and those who lost jobs – the University of Arizona Health Sciences reports. New research led by William 'Scott' Killgore, PhD, psychiatry professor in the UArizona College of Medicine – Tucson and Social, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Lab director, found hazardous
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Targeting Nsp1 protein could be a pathway for COVID-19 therapy
A study that identifies how a coronavirus protein called Nsp1 blocks the activity of genes that promote viral replication provides hope for new COVID-19 treatments.
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A groundbreaking solution? Polymers can protect buildings from large fault ruptures
University of Technology Sydney researchers have developed a solution to protect buildings sitting on deep foundations from earthquakes resulting in surface fault ruptures. Their findings show a composite foundation system using inexpensive polymer materials can significantly improve the safety of infrastructure and substantially decrease fatality and damage due to large ground deformations.
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Campylobacter strains exchange genes, can become more virulent and antibiotic resistant
Campylobacter bacteria persist throughout poultry production, and two of the most common strains are exchanging genetic material, which could result in more antibiotic-resistant and infectious Campylobacter strains.
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Study finds gender disparities on National Institutes of Health study sections
Investigators at the University of Chicago Medicine have found that women are less likely to be represented as chairs and reviewers on study sections for the National Institutes of Health (NIH), based on data from one review cycle in 2019.
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Researchers identify muscle factor that controls fat metabolism
In a recent study, published in The Journal of Clinical Investigation, University Hospitals (UH) Cleveland Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine researchers have found that skeletal muscle significantly affects how the body stores and metabolizes fat.
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-81982-2
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Switching to firm contracts may prevent natural gas fuel shortages at US power plants
New research now indicates that these fuel shortages are not due to failures of pipelines and that in certain areas of the country a change in how gas is purchased can significantly reduce generator outages. The paper, 'What Causes Natural Gas Fuel Shortages at US Power Plants?' by researchers at Carnegie Mellon University and the North American Electric Reliability Corporation, was published in E
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Reserve prices under scarcity conditions improve with a dynamic ORDC, new research finds
A new paper quantifies how better accounting for the temperature-dependent probability of large generator contingencies with time-varying dynamic ORDC construction improves reserve procurement. The paper, 'Dynamic Operating Reserve Procurement Improves Scarcity Pricing in PJM,' by researchers at Carnegie Mellon University, was published in Energy Policy.
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Record sunshine during first COVID-19 lockdown largely caused by unusual weather
Exceptional weather conditions were mainly responsible for high solar radiation, not the aerosol reduction due to the shutdown of industry and reduced traffic in the first lockdown / International research team continues to develop climate simulations that take into account influences of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Mother's heart health in pregnancy impacts child's heart health in adolescence
A mother's heart health while she is pregnant may have a significant impact on her child's cardiovascular health in early adolescence (ages 10 to 14), according to a new study. It is the first study to examine the implications of a mother's cardiovascular health during pregnancy for offspring health in the longer term.
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Hydrogel promotes wound healing better than traditional bandages, gauzes
For explosion wounds as well as some incurred in disasters and accidents, severe hemorrhage is a leading cause of death. Hydrogel dressings, which have advanced in recent years, may help; they are good at promoting wound healing and can better meet the demands of different situations. Many are antibacterial, biodegradable, responsive, and injectable and can fill irregularly shaped wounds. In APL B
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Role of diet in risk of colorectal cancer
Researchers examined the strength of the evidence from published meta-analyses of observational studies that looked at the association between diet and the risk of colorectal cancer.
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Association of armed guards, severity of school shootings
Researchers examined the association between the presence of an armed guard on scene and the severity of shootings at schools kindergarten through high school.
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Low-value health care drops only marginally despite effort to curb practices
An estimated 10% to 20% of health care spending consists of low-value care — patient services that offer no net clinical benefit in specific scenarios. A new study finds that spending on low-value health care among fee-for-service Medicare recipients dropped only marginally from 2014 to 2018, despite both a national campaign to better educate clinicians and increasing use of payment revisions tha
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The observational study examined associations between maternal cardiovascular health during pregnancy (as measured by body mass index, blood pressure, total cholesterol level, glucose level and smoking) with the later cardiovascular health of their offspring at ages 10 to 14 years old (as measured by body mass index, blood pressure, total cholesterol level and glucose level).
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FRESH 3D-printing platform paves way for tissues, organs
Research into 3D bioprinting has grown rapidly in recent years as scientists seek to re-create the structure and function of complex biological systems from human tissues to entire organs. In APL Bioengineering, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University provide perspective on the Freefrom Reversible Embedding of Suspended Hydrogels 3D bioprinting approach, which solves the issue of gravity and d
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Improving discharge process key to reducing avoidable rehospitalizations, MU study finds
Throughout her career, Lori Popejoy provided hands-on clinical care in a variety of health care settings, from hospitals and nursing homes to community centers and home health care agencies.
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Study finds alligator hearts keep beating no matter what
A new study reported by Georgia Tech researchers finds that an alligator heart will not fibrillate when exposed to drastic temperature changes, unlike a rabbit (mammal) heart, which is critically vulnerable to heart trauma under those conditions. The research could help better understand how the heart works and what can cause a deadly arrhythmia – which fundamentally happens when the heart doesn't
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Women have a lower range of 'normal' blood pressure than men
A new study from the Smidt Heart Institute at Cedars-Sinai shows that women have a lower "normal" blood pressure range compared to men. The findings were published today in the peer-reviewed journal Circulation.
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The impact of COVID-19 on motherhood
A new study explores the impact that the stress and isolation brought on by COVID-19 has had on people who were pregnant or gave birth during the pandemic. Many of those surveyed last summer reported additional stress brought on by disinformation in hospitals and lack of support with childcare and infant feeding.
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Despite sea-level rise risks, migration to some threatened coastal areas may increase
Princeton University shows that migration to the coast could actually accelerate in some places like Bangladesh despite sea-level change, contradicting current assumptions.
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Quantum leaps in understanding how living corals survive
A new imaging technique has been developed to improve our ability to visualize and track the symbiotic interactions between coral and algae in response to globally warming sea surface temperatures and deepening seawaters.
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Evidence shows how the human brain may tap into visual cues when lacking a sense of touch
Researchers at the University of Chicago, the University of Birmingham, and Bournemouth University have uncovered evidence that physical embodiment can occur without the sense of touch, thanks to a study involving two participants who lack the ability to feel touch.
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Uncertainty about medical care and costs can worsen health
A recent qualitative study sheds light on how people cope with health and financial challenges. The study highlights the important role that communication plays in these coping strategies. "This is one of the first studies to look at how people respond to the combination of financial uncertainties and health uncertainties," says first author Lynsey Romo, an associate professor of communication at
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Lægehus ramt af skandaler: PLO vil øge informationsindsatsen om forretningsetik
I kølvandet på afdækningen af kritisable forhold i testfirmaet Medicals Nordic, der ejes af to praktiserende læger, vil de Praktiserende Lægers Organisation nu sikre, at medlemmerne er klædt godt nok på i forhold til etik og jura, når de driver supplerende, lægelig virksomhed ved siden af praksis. Det siger formand Jørgen Skadborg.
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Why universities are key to tackling inequality
Nature, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00392-6 Two influential books suggest that universities contribute to societal divisions. In fact, they are essential to bridging divides.
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Breakthrough in organic chemistry: Asymmetric syntheses of useful, unique chiral compounds
"N?C axially chiral compounds" are important chiral molecules with various applications in medicinal chemistry and chiral technology. However, there is a scarcity of research on ways to synthesize them in an enantioselective (asymmetric) manner, to obtain useful forms of the compounds. Researchers at Shibaura Institute of Technology, Japan, have rectified this, by developing a catalytic enantiosel
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Ageing offshore wind turbines could stunt the growth of renewable energy sector
The University of Kent has led a study highlighting the urgent need for the UK's Government and renewable energy industries to give vital attention to decommissioning offshore wind turbines approaching their end of live expectancy by 2025. The research reveals that the UK must decommission approximately 300 and 1600 early-model offshore wind turbines by 2025 and 2030, respectively.
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New insight into antibody-induced protective immunity to COVID-19
Researchers at the Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard and the Brigham and Women's Hospital collaborate with SpaceX to identify humoral immune features which may track with lasting protection against SARS-CoV-2.
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Oncotarget: Hemoglobin increases the effectiveness of chemotherapy in lung cancer
Additional animal studies revealed that co-administration of PolyHb with cisplatin attenuated tumor growth without alleviating hypoxia
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International study reveals exceptional property of next generation optical fibers
Researchers from the Optoelectronics Research Centre (ORC) and Universite Laval, Canada, have successfully measured for the first time back-reflection in cutting-edge hollow-core fibres that is around 10,000 times lower than conventional optical fibres.
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Luminescent windows generate energy from inside and out
Rice University engineers design and build windowpanes that redirect sunlight or illumination from indoors to edge-band solar cells.
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New hope for treating chronic pain without opioids
According to some estimates, chronic pain affects up to 40% of Americans, and treating it frustrates both clinicians and patients–a frustration that's often compounded by a hesitation to prescribe opioids for pain.
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Collagen structures get the royal reveal
An algorithm by Rice University scientists predicts the structures and melting temperatures of collagen, the triple helix that accounts for about a third of the body's proteins and forms the fibrous glue in skin, bones, muscles, tendons and ligaments.
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Rätt lukter kan rädda granarna från barkborrar
Granbarkborrar luktar sig till träd, och partners att fortplanta sig med. Nu har forskare lyckats identifiera 73 olika doftreceptorer i granbarkborrens antenner. Resultaten kan leda till bättre sätt att bekämpa den för skogsbruket så problematiska borren. Granbarkborrar fångar lukter med hjälp av doftreceptorer (proteiner) i antennerna. Forskare har länge förstått sambandet, men hittills har de i
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Members face 'Catch-22' challenges joining online communities
People who seek support online from social media groups may end up not getting the help they need due to privacy concerns, according to a new study by Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU) and Gutenberg University in Sweden.
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Tapping into waste heat for electricity by nanostructuring thermoelectric materials
In our ongoing struggle to reduce the usage of fossil fuel, technology to directly convert the world's waste heat into electricity stands out as very promising. Thermoelectric materials, which carry out this energy conversion process, have, thus, recently become the focus of intense research worldwide. Of the various potential candidates applicable at a broad range of temperatures, between 30 and
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The vertical evolution of volatile organic compounds vary between winter and summer
Scientists have discovered that pollution concentration varies between seasons. A new study, conducted in the North China Plain, determined where volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are distributed within the vertical layers of the atmosphere, and found notable changes from winter to summer.
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Story tips: Modeling COVID, permafrost lost and taking the heat
ORNL story tips: Modeling COVID, permafrost lost and taking the heat.
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How the immune system paves the way for SARS-CoV-2
The immune system actually wants to fight SARS-CoV-2 with antiviral signaling molecules. But a research team from Charité and MDC has now shown how such a signaling molecule can promote the replication of the virus. The results have been published in the journal EMBO Molecular Medicine.
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New classification of leukemia subtypes reveals potential of existing drugs
Using advanced RNA sequencing, scientists have identified two unique subtypes of a prominent mutation present in many patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) – called NPM1 – that could help predict survival and improve treatment response for patients whose leukemic cells bear the mutation.
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New study of goals and beliefs during COVID-19 lockdown shows people still care
A new report has revealed how people's attitudes towards their beliefs and/or accomplishing their short and long-term goals changed amid the unexpected alteration and challenges of lockdown.
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New tool predicts the success of extubating patients on intensive mechanical ventilation
A mathematical model predicts the success of extubating patients on intensive mechanical ventilation. The results of the study by a research team from the Universitat Rovira i Virgili (Tarragona-Spain) and the Institute of Health Research Pere Virgili show a potential reduction of the current rate of reintubation from 9% to 1% by using machine learning tools. Data from a thousand intensive-care pa
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Climate change forces rethinking of conservation biology planning
For more than a decade, governments in countries across the world have made significant progress to expand their protected areas network to conserve the planet's biodiversity. According to a new study published in the journal Global Change Biology, the locations of these protected areas do not take into account the potential long-term effects of climate change in these protected areas.
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Dopamine is key to the mystery of metabolic dysfunction in psychiatric patients
Antipsychotic drugs not only block dopamine signaling in the brain but also in the pancreas, leading to uncontrolled production of blood glucose-regulating hormones, obesity and diabetes.
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Integrating maths and plant science to explain how plant roots generate a hormone gradient
The research team that developed a biosensor that first recorded that a distinct gradient of the plant growth hormone gibberellin correlated with plant cell size has now revealed how this distribution pattern is created in roots.
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A research team led by Prof. Dr. Maria von Korff Schmising from Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf (HHU) and the Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research (MPIPZ) in Cologne investigated the genetic regulation of spike development in barley and wheat. As reported in the current issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS), they disco
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Enormous ancient fish discovered by accident
Fossilised remains of a fish that grew as big as a great white shark and the largest of its type ever found have been discovered by accident.
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Evolution adapts and optimizes organisms to their ecological niche. This could be used to predict how an organism evolves, but how can such predictions be rigorously tested? The Biophysics and Computational Neuroscience group led by professor Gaper Tkačik at the Institute of Science and Technology (IST) Austria has now created a mathematical framework to do exactly that.
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TV and film 'thump' is not effective alternative to CPR, Warwick researchers demonstrate
A technique frequently portrayed in dramatic resuscitation scenes in television and film is among several alternative methods to CPR that have shown no benefit in saving lives in a review by University of Warwick researchers.
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There's news today that Bluebird has suspended its gene therapy work on sickle cell disease because of two cases of cancer in its treatment population. Another had been reported in 2018, so that takes us to two cases of myelodysplastic syndrome and one case of myeloid leukemia (which can be a sequel of MDS in some cases). This isn't good. You'll note that all of these are diseases of the bone mar
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Moiré patterns facilitate discovery of novel insulating phases
Materials having excess electrons are typically conductors. However, moiré patterns — interference patterns that typically arise when one object with a repetitive pattern is placed over another with a similar pattern — can suppress electrical conductivity, a study by physicists has found.
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Dress codes can suit changing ideals
Dress codes can reveal social aspirations and political ideals, a new book argues. For centuries, dress codes have had a role in maintaining specific social roles and hierarchies. But fashion and style have also traditionally served another purpose: to express new ideals of individual liberty, rationality, and equality, according to new research by Richard Thompson Ford , professor of law at Stan
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MSK physician shares kidney cancer research at annual ASCO GU Symposium
Memorial Sloan Kettering's Robert Motzer presented positive data from a phase III randomized study that assessed two different treatment combinations as first-line therapies that may benefit people with advanced kidney cancer.
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Global poliovirus risk management and modeling
Launched in 1988, the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) stands out as one of the largest, internationally coordinated global public health major projects conducted to date, with cumulative spending of over $16.5 billion for 1988-2018, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). More than 30 years later, stubborn outbreaks of wild poliovirus still occur in Afghanistan and Pakistan, w
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Radiomics shows cocaine fuels coronary artery disease risk
Radiomics–the extraction of very detailed quantitative features from medical images–provides a refined understanding of how cocaine use and other risk factors affect the course of coronary artery disease, according to a new study. Researchers said the study shows the power of radiomics to improve understanding of not just cardiovascular disease, but cancer and other conditions as well.
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Epigenetic mechanisms allow native Peruvians to thrive at high altitudes
Scientists reveal the epigenetic mechanisms that enable humans to survive at extremely high altitudes in the Andes
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Forskare har lyckats injicera lysande diamanter i celler
Forskare har lyckats placera extremt små diamanter i levande celler. Diamanterna fluorescerar och kan därmed ge helt ny kunskap om cellens inre liv. Samma teknik skulle på sikt kunna användas för att föra in läkande molekyler i sjuka celler.
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18 Best Creatine Supplements to Buy Right Now
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As this image captured today, 11 February, by Copernicus Sentinel-3 shows, the Netherlands remains pretty much snow-covered thanks to days of sub-zero temperatures following the country's first major snowstorm in a decade.
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Riskerna med allt smartare hem
Risken med ett uppkopplat hem är baksluga apparater. Smarta prylar som samlar in personlig data. Och sparar på en server som ägs av företaget som levererat tjänsten. Forskare jobbar på sätt att hantera hoten mot personlig integritet i smarta hem. – De enheter som vem som helst kan köpa och installera i sina hem brukar samla in personlig och känslig data, säger Joseph Bugeja, doktorand vid Fakulte
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The effects of picking up primary school pupils on surrounding street's traffic
The objective of this study is to find out factors affecting the picking up of pupils at primary school by evaluating the typical primary schools in Hanoi city.
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A comparative study of surface hardness between two bioceramic materials
This study aimed to evaluate the setting behaviour of MTA Angelus and NeoMTA by comparing their hardness after placing them in dry and moist conditions.
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Shrubs and soils: A hot topic in the cool tundra
As the climate warms in the Arctic, shrubs expand towards higher latitudes and altitudes. Researchers investigated the impacts of dwarf shrubs on tundra soils in the sub-Arctic Fennoscandia.
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Kagome graphene promises exciting properties
For the first time, physicists from the University of Basel have produced a graphene compound consisting of carbon atoms and a small number of nitrogen atoms in a regular grid of hexagons and triangles. This honeycomb-structured "kagome lattice" behaves as a semiconductor and may also have unusual electrical properties. In the future, it could potentially be used in electronic sensors or quantum c
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Oncotarget: Cancer stem cells and macrophages against cancer
The aim of this Oncotarget review is to define the complex crosstalk between these two cell types and to highlight potential future anti-cancer strategies
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Regular caffeine consumption affects brain structure
Coffee, cola or an energy drink: caffeine is the world's most widely consumed psychoactive substance. Researchers from the University of Basel have now shown in a study that regular caffeine intake can change the gray matter of the brain. However, the effect appears to be temporary.
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Oncotarget: AKT isoforms have discrete expression in triple negative breast cancers
Oncotarget recently published "AKT isoforms have discrete expression in triple negative breast cancers and roles in cisplatin sensitivity" which reported that the authors investigated the expression and net effect of the individual isoforms in triple negative breast cancers and response to cisplatin treatment using cellular, mice models and clinical samples.
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Oncotarget: Targeting engineered cytokine with interleukin to the neovasculature of tumors
"The results suggest that this product, or similar fusion proteins featuring an N-terminal fusion in the diabody format, may deserve to be investigated in clinical trials"
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Moffitt uses mathematical modeling to identify factors that determine adaptive therapy success
In a new article featured on this month's cover of Cancer Research, Moffitt Cancer Center researchers, in collaboration with Oxford University, report results from their study using mathematical modeling to show that cell turnover impacts drug resistance and is an important factor that governs the success of adaptive therapy.
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Scientists developed a novel method of automatic soil mapping
A team of soil scientists developed a new approach to the automatic generation and updating of soil maps. Having applied machine learning technologies to a set of rules traditionally used by experts in manual mapping, the team obtained a highly accurate model that provides easy-to-interpret results.
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Researchers demonstrate self-sterilizing polymers work against SARS-CoV-2
Researchers have demonstrated a family of self-sterilizing polymers that are effective at inactivating coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2 – the virus that causes COVID-19. The work opens the door to a suite of applications that could help to reduce the transmission of COVID-19 and other diseases.
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Child brain tumors can be classified by advanced imaging and AI
Diffusion weighted imaging and machine learning can successfully classify the diagnosis and characteristics of common types of paediatric brain tumours a UK-based multi-centre study, including WMG at the University of Warwick has found. This means that the tumour can be characterised and treated more efficiently.
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Let the immune cell see the virus: Scientists discover unique way to target common virus
Scientists at Cardiff University have discovered a unique way to target a common virus that affects one in 200 newborn babies in the UK but for which there is only limited treatments available.
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
Classic milpa maize intercrop can help feed communities forgotten by development
The traditional milpa intercrop in which maize is grown together with beans, squash or other vegetable crops can provide food and nutrients for marginalized, resource-poor communities in the Americas, according to a study published last week in Nature Scientific Reports.
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Classic milpa maize intercrop can help feed communities forgotten by development
The traditional milpa intercrop in which maize is grown together with beans, squash or other vegetable crops can provide food and nutrients for marginalized, resource-poor communities in the Americas, according to a study published last week in Nature Scientific Reports.
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Harnessing socially-distant molecular interactions for future computing
Could long-distance interactions between individual molecules forge a new way to compute? A new study of electronic states induced by interactions between individual molecules has potential future application in computers where the state of each individual molecule could be controlled, mirroring binary operation of transistors in current computing.
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Members Face 'Catch-22' challenges joining online communities — Ben-Gurion U. study
"Social networks, and the technologies that support them, provide valuable tools for forming and maintaining connections that build social capital," says Dr. Daphna Yeshua-Katz of the BGU Department of Communication Studies. "While we don't dispute the benefits of these far-reaching communities, our findings reveal the problematic paradox caused by security concerns."
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Tapping into waste heat for electricity by nanostructuring thermoelectric materials
Thermoelectric semiconductors can convert waste heat into useful electricity. However, obtaining lead-free semiconductors with high thermoelectric performance has proven to be difficult. Now, scientists from Chung-Ang University, Korea, have developed a novel strategy to produce tin telluride (SnTe) nanosheets directly from tin selenide nanosheets (SnSe), the latter of which are easier to fabricat
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Scientists of Kemerovo State University have developed a technology for creating in vitro root
cultures with a high content of biologically active substances.
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TB study reveals potential targets to treat and control infection
Researchers at the Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC) at Texas Biomedical Research Institute (Texas Biomed) may have found a new pathway to treat and control tuberculosis (TB), the disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq), a next-generation sequencing technology, scientists were able to further define the mechanisms that lead t
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Almost half of virus sufferers report depression
Almost half of people testing positive for coronavirus have reported symptoms of depression, according to a new study published in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.
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Heartbeat secrets unlocked as cardiac rhythm gene role identified
Researchers have used the zebrafish (Danio rerio) to identify the role of a gene involved in cardiac rhythm, which could help explain the fundamentals of what it takes to make a human heartbeat.
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The vertical evolution of volatile organic compounds vary between winter and summer
Scientists have discovered that pollution concentration varies between seasons. A new study, conducted in the North China Plain, determined where volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are distributed within the vertical layers of the atmosphere, and found notable changes from winter to summer.
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Researchers develop algorithm to find possible misdiagnosis
Researchers from the University of Copenhagen have developed an algorithm that can identify patients who may have been wrongly diagnosed. With the help of digital disease history, the algorithm is able to register disease trajectories that differ so much from normal trajectories that there may be a misdiagnosis. The algorithm has been developed on the basis of data from several hundreds of thousan
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Cloud simulations get a dose of realism
A focus on the fundamental physics of cloud formation leads to highly realistic simulations of different types of clouds.
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Graphene "nano-origami" creates tiniest microchips yet
A team of experimental physicists at the University of Sussex have developed the smallest microchips ever – 100 times smaller than conventional microchips.They believe that this next generation of microchips could lead to computers and phones running thousands of times faster.
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Researchers discover promising biomarkers to diagnose mild traumatic brain injury
Certain plasma microRNAs could serve as diagnostic biomarkers in mild traumatic brain injury, a new study from the University of Eastern Finland shows. The biomarkers were discovered in an animal model and they were successfully used also to diagnose mild traumatic brain injury in a subgroup of patients.
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Researchers measure temperature effect of plasmon in chemical reactions using organic "sensors"
The researchers of TPU together with their colleagues from Russian and foreign scientific centers have found a way to estimate the temperature of a chemical reaction activated by pseudo-particles – plasmons. Two organic molecules served as ultra-small sensors or thermometers.
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Dual character of excitons in the ultrafast regime: atomic-like or solid-like?
Researchers at Politecnico di Milano in collaboration with the Institute of Photonics and Nanotechnologies IFN-CNR and a theory group from the Tsukuba University (Japan) and the Max Plank Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of matter (Hamburg, Germany), have discovered that an exciton can simultaneously adopt two radically different characters when it isstimulated by light.
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Challenge to anorexia nervosa treatment guidelines
New analysis published in The Lancet Psychiatry has shown a lack of strong evidence to support current guidance on psychological therapies for treating anorexia nervosa over expert treatment as usual. The findings highlight a need for further research and support a call for individual trial data to be made available so the benefits of treatments in specific patient populations can be better unders
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Melanoma patients respond to immunotherapy after changes to gut microbiome
Statistical modeling developed by Oregon State University researchers has confirmed that changes to melanoma patients' gut microbiome led them to respond to a type of treatment capable of providing long-term benefit.
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Further action on cadmium needed for global food safety
An international group of leading fertiliser and soils experts have published a major review of the status of the toxic heavy metal cadmium in agricultural systems around the world.
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All the colours of the dingo: not just a yellow dog
There is no coat color that distinguishes dingoes from dingo-dog hybrids, a study involving UNSW Sydney has found.
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
We tested tiger snake scales to measure wetland pollution in Perth. The news is worse than expected
Australia's wetlands are home to a huge range of stunning flora and fauna, with large snakes often at the top of the food chain.
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Author Correction: Immune cell composition in normal human kidneys
Scientific Reports, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83841-6
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Author Correction: A novel assay to measure calcification propensity: from laboratory to humans
Scientific Reports, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83842-5
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83097-0
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Forskning & Framsteg – För dig som är nyfiken på allvar
Estland utvecklar vaccinationsintyg med WHO
I Sverige liksom i många andra länder pågår arbetet med att bygga digitala system för vaccinationsintyg. Ett sådant kan komma att krävas både för resor och för att få tillträde till kultur- och idrottsevenemang. Men hur ska de utformas för att gälla över hela världen, vara säkra och skydda den personliga integriteten?
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
All the colours of the dingo: not just a yellow dog
There is no coat color that distinguishes dingoes from dingo-dog hybrids, a study involving UNSW Sydney has found.
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Polymers can protect buildings from large fault ruptures
Surface rupturing during earthquakes is a significant risk to any structure that is built across a fault zone that may be active, in addition to any risk from ground shaking. Surface rupture can affect large areas of land, and it can damage all structures in the vicinity of the fracture. Although current seismic codes restrict the construction in the vicinity of active tectonic faults, finding the
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All the colours of the dingo: not just a yellow dog
Animals assumed to be dingo-dog hybrids based on their coat colour and culled may have been pure dingoes, a study involving UNSW finds.
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Photosynthetic bacteria-based cancer optotheranostics
Natural purple photosynthetic bacteria (PPSB) can play a key role as a highly active cancer immunotheranostics agent that uses the bio-optical-window I and II near-infrared (NIR) light.PPSB have high tumor specificity and non-pathogenicity. Active anticancer efficacy and powerful multi-functions such as NIR-I-to-NIR-II fluorescence, photothermal conversion, reactive oxygen species generation, and
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When people pause before replying to a question, even for just a few seconds, their answers are perceived to be less sincere and credible than if they had replied immediately, according to research published by the American Psychological Association.
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First humans in Tasmania must have seen spectacular auroras
A small sub-alpine lake in western Tasmania has helped establish that 41,000 years ago Australia experienced the Laschamp geomagnetic excursion and that Tasmanian, Aboriginals, would've seen it.
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People with and without AD have a different threshold for elective revascularisation
The risk of both mortality and rehospitalisation after an elective revascularisation procedure for coronary artery disease is similar for people with and without Alzheimer's disease (AD), but people with AD had worse outcomes after an emergency procedure, according to a new study from the University of Eastern Finland.
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The water surface is a fantastic place for chemical reactions
Using an advanced technique, scientists from the RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research have demonstrated that a chemical reaction powered by light takes place ten thousand times faster at the air-water interface–what we usually call the water surface–than in the bulk of the water, even when the light has equivalent energy. This finding could help our understanding of the many important chemical
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New microscopy analysis allows discovery of central adhesion complex
Researchers at University of Münster and the Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry have developed a method for determining the arrangement and density of individual proteins in cells. In this way, they were able to prove the existence of an adhesion complex consisting of three proteins.
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New discovery may enable accurate prediction of cancer spread before cancer develops
Researchers from Erler Group at the Biotech Research & Innovation Centre (BRIC) in Copenhagen have discovered that the rigidity of a thin membrane structure encompassing cells and lining all vessels regulates how easily cancer cells can breach tissues to spread through the body, and is thus a key determinant of cancer patient survival. The results are published in Nature Materials today.
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Method for temporal monitoring of microplastic sedimentation
Researchers in Finland have tested the sediment trap method to analyse the annual accumulation rates of microplastics in a body of water, and possible seasonal variation therein. The most important advantage of the method is that it can be used to determine the time it takes from microplastics to enter and accumulate in bodies of water.
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Water is a probable vector for mammalian virus transmission
Water is a necessity for all life but its availability can be limited. In geographical areas experiencing dry seasons, animals congregate near the few freshwater sources, often reaching large densities. These sites may be key locations for pathogen transmissions, if viruses remain stable and infectious in water. A team of researchers led by Leibniz-IZW now confirmed this in a study, published in "
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Clues for improving sleep in visually impaired athletes
Researchers from the University of Tsukuba have found that approximately one-third of a group of visually impaired athletes had sleep disorders. A later wake-up time and stress regarding interpersonal relationships in competition activities were related to the rate of sleep disorders. Addressing these factors may be key in improving sleep quality in this population.
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Move over heavy goggles, here come the ultra-high refractive index lenses
POSTECH professor Junsuk Rho's research team develops a transparent silicon without visible light loss by controlling the silicon atomic structure.
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
Tiny new species discovered as scientists' outback fishing trip bags exotic catch
Research scientists from Australia's national science agency, CSIRO and Charles Darwin University used fishing rods and handlines to plumb the depths of underground aquifers in the Northern Territory revealing a diverse variety of tiny aquatic animals known as stygofauna, mostly between 0.3 and 10 millimetres in length.
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Tiny new species discovered as scientists' outback fishing trip bags exotic catch
Research scientists from Australia's national science agency, CSIRO and Charles Darwin University used fishing rods and handlines to plumb the depths of underground aquifers in the Northern Territory revealing a diverse variety of tiny aquatic animals known as stygofauna, mostly between 0.3 and 10 millimetres in length.
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Modeling eternity in the rock laboratory
When Barbara Lothenbach pushes ahead with her research projects, she knows that she will not live to see the final result: What she is working on should last between 100,000 and one million years. The researcher from Empa's "Concrete & Asphalt" laboratory is investigating cement-based materials, which are suitable for the disposal of radioactive waste.
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Research finds NHS use of management consultants is a harmful habit
The use of paid management consultants in the NHS has become habitual despite its negative impact on efficiency, according to new research.
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A glimpse into the formation of mitoribosome
SciLifeLab Fellow Alexey Amunts and his team together with researchers from the Czech Academy of Sciences report an assembly intermediate of the ribosome in mitochondria. It reveals 22 associated factors that cooperatively organize the biogenesis process.
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USC biologists devise new way to assess carbon in the ocean
A new study by USC scientists explains how marine microbes control the accumulation of carbon matter with important implications for global warming.
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Social Justice Movements, Exomoons and a Century of Bird Banding
What we're learning about how solar systems and civilizations developed — Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
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Danmarks første GDPR-bøde blev langt mindre, end Datatilsynet havde lagt op til
PLUS. ILVA slap med en GDPR-bøde på 100.000 kroner, langt fra kravet på halvanden million kroner. Men hvor blev millionbøderne, som virksomhederne frygtede, af?
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Skærpede krav til radioaktivt byggeaffald udløser millionregning til Nyt OUH
PLUS. I 2019 blev kravene på strålebeskyttelsesområdet strammet. Det koster det nye sygehusbyggeri i Odense 25 mio. kroner og vil også gøre andre sygehuse og laboratorier dyrere
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Evolution's game of rock-paper-scissors
A group of scientists at Lehigh University led by Gregory Lang, associate professor in the Department of Biological Sciences, has recently provided empirical evidence that evolution can be nontransitive. Lang and his team identify a nontransitive evolutionary sequence through a 1,000-generation yeast evolution experiment. In the experiment, an evolved clone outcompetes a recent ancestor but loses
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83830-9
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Some antibodies can dampen antiviral defences in people with severe COVID
Nature, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00352-0 Defects in the immune defences induced by the protein interferon are associated with some severe cases of COVID-19. An analysis of patients' blood samples sheds light on how antibodies might contribute to these defects.
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Galileo: Nyt værktøj afslører spoofing af satellitsignaler
PLUS. Nu åbnes der for første gang for at åbne signaler fra et GNSS-system kan krypteres, så det er muligt at afsløre om der fuskes med satellitsignalet. De kommende måneder testes funktionen OS-NMA på det europæiske positioneringssystem Galileo.
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How can researchers quickly access complex molecules for drug discovery?
The function of molecules used in drugs in part depends on their structure, including the many chemical bonds between their atoms. These molecules can be built through several different chemical reactions, most of which are slow and inefficient because they rely on the formation of one chemical bond at a time. Ramesh Giri, Weinreb Early Career Professor of Chemistry at Penn State, has developed a
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Demonstration of unconventional transverse thermoelectric generation
A NIMS research team devised a new thermoelectric generation mechanism with a hybrid structure composed of thermoelectric and magnetic materials. The team then actually fabricated this structure and observed the record-high thermopower appearing in the direction perpendicular to a temperature gradient (i.e., transverse thermoelectric generation). These results may offer insights into new mechanism
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Daily briefing: Shock discovery of life under Antarctic ice shelf
Nature, Published online: 15 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00423-2 Sponges and other animals spotted after drilling through 900 metres of ice. Plus, how 'killer' T cells could fight new COVID variants and a call to sequence three million genomes across Africa.
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Vil rekruttere 40 hollændere: Dansk vaccine nærmer sig kliniske forsøg
PLUS. Covid-19-vaccinen fra danske AdaptVac skal testes i Holland. Forskerne håber, at data kan vise, om den giver bedre beskyttelse mod de nye virusvarianter end andre vacciner.
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Involve citizens in climate-policy modelling
Nature, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00283-w
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Peace-making: new technologies are no panacea
Nature, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00410-7
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Vaccination: keep records secure with blockchain
Nature, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00411-6
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-82875-0 Extracellular vesicle concentrations of glial fibrillary acidic protein and neurofilament light measured 1 year after traumatic brain injury
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
A look-ahead Monte Carlo simulation method for improving parental selection in trait introgression
Scientific Reports, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83634-x
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Family environmental risk factors for developmental speech delay in children in Northern China
Scientific Reports, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83554-w
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Effects of organic fertilizers via quick artificial decomposition on crop growth
Scientific Reports, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83576-4
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
A two-herb formula inhibits hyperproliferation of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes
Scientific Reports, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83435-2
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Five animal phyla in glacier ice reveal unprecedented biodiversity in New Zealand's Southern Alps
Scientific Reports, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83256-3
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83522-4
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21491-y
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21412-z Climate models typically fail to capture the observed Antarctic sea ice expansion during recent decades. Here, the authors show that the observed expansion is reproduced in a climate model after removing biases in the sea ice drift velocity.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Asymmetric opening of the homopentameric 5-HT3A serotonin receptor in lipid bilayers
Nature Communications, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21016-7 Pentameric ligand-gated ion channels (pLGICs) are key players in neurotransmission and have been shown to be modulated by the lipid environment, however the underlying mechanism is not well understood. Here, the authors report structures of the pLGIC 5-HT3A serotonin receptor reconstituted into lipid bilayer
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Biological and therapeutic implications of a unique subtype of NPM1 mutated AML
Nature Communications, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21233-0 Molecular heterogeneity of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) across patients is a major challenge for prognosis and therapy. Here, the authors show that NPM1 mutated AML is a heterogeneous class, consisting of two subtypes which exhibit distinct molecular characteristics, differentiation state, patient survival
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21221-4 The most advanced P. falciparum circumsporozoite protein (PfCSP)-based malaria vaccine confers partial protection. Here, Pholcharee et al. present crystal structures, binding affinities/kinetics, and in vivo protection of 8 anti-NANP antibodies to understand in vivo protection of PfCSP-targeting antibodies.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21273-6 Glycolytic enzymes are challenging drug targets due to their highly conserved active sites and phosphorylated substrates. Here, the authors identify fast acting allosteric inhibitors of Trypanosoma brucei phosphofructokinase that block trypanosome glycolysis and provide cure evidence in murine model.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Loop competition and extrusion model predicts CTCF interaction specificity
Nature Communications, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21368-0 Boundaries of topologically associated domains in genomes are marked by CTCF and cohesin binding. Here the authors predict CTCF interaction specificity by building a simple mathematical model with features including loop competition and extrusion.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
A scalable physician-level deep learning algorithm detects universal trauma on pelvic radiographs
Nature Communications, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21311-3 Pelvic radiographs (PXRs) are essential for detecting proximal femur and pelvis injuries in trauma patients, but none of the currently available algorithms can detect all kinds of trauma-related radiographic findings. Here, the authors develop a multiscale deep learning algorithm trained with weakly supervis
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On Internet and Vaccine Access, Minorities Are Left Behind
Reporters and scholars have written about the effects of lack of internet access in rural areas in the U.S. and developing countries, but they have paid less attention to the harm of lack of internet access in racial and ethnic minority communities in major cities. These harms now extend to vaccine access.
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At 50, the UN Environment Programme must lead again
Nature, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00393-5 To protect the planet's health, the agency must rediscover its capacity for connecting organizations.
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VIDEO: Se Mars-rovers tvilling på Jorden i aktion
Der er touchdown på Mars i denne uge. Roveren på Mars, Perseverance, har en tvilling på Jorden ved navn Optimism, som forskerne kan bruge til at løse tekniske udfordringer undervejs. Se den i aktion her.
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Forskere udvikler soldrevne minidroner til mesosfæren
Fremtidens mikrofly skal køre på solenergi og kortlægge vind og temperaturer i 50-85 kilometers højde.
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-82924-8
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Innovationsfonden får hård kritik: Favoriserede og bøjede reglerne
Tilsynsmyndighed giver to afskedigede medarbejdere ret i en stor del af deres kritik af Innovationsfonden, hvor en ansøger fik positiv særbehandling, og der ikke blev taget stilling til inhabilitet.
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Hip and wrist fractures are a common result of osteoporosis. A new drug, Evenity, reduces the risk of vertebral fractures, but it doesn't significantly reduce the risk of non-vertebral fractures. Other drugs do. The post first appeared on Science-Based Medicine .
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Nyheder – Forskning – Videnskab
Hudprøver fra 3.000 patienter skal gøre os klogere på psoriasis og eksem
Herlev og Gentofte Hospital og Københavns Universitet etablerer nyt forskningsprogram med en biobank…
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Macchiarini partner Anthony Hollander chairs mass-sacking committee in Liverpool
"I felt I had a lot to give the world. Getting my first at university and doing so well in research was an antidote. Underneath, though, there is part of me that feels maybe one day someone will discover that I am stupid." – Tony "Blue Peter" Hollander
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Brief survey tool tracks symptoms, aids in evaluating effectiveness of treatment
Researchers from Regenstrief Institute and Indiana University School of Medicine have developed and validated, SymTrak-8, a short questionnaire to help patients report symptoms and assist healthcare providers in assessing the severity of symptoms, and in monitoring and adjusting treatment accordingly.
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Hydrogen peroxide, universal oxidizing agent, high-efficiency production by simple process
The Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST) announced that a joint research team developed a platinum-gold alloy catalyst for hydrogen peroxide production based on a computer simulation. Hydrogen peroxide selectivity can be increased to 95% by using this catalyst, compared with only 30-40% for a palladium catalyst, which indicates that mostly hydrogen peroxide on the developed Pt-Au cataly
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How to improve gender equity in medicine
Gender equity and racial diversity in medicine can promote creative solutions to complex health problems and improve the delivery of high-quality care, argue authors in an analysis in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal).
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Covid-19: why mix and match vaccines?
The Com-Cov trial run by the Oxford Vaccine Group in the UK will be testing the efficacy and safety of a 'mix and match' approach to immunisation. By giving some participants either the Pfizer/BioNTech or Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine, and a second dose of the other, the trial aims to find out if combining different jabs offers sufficient protection. Sarah Boseley speaks to Dr Peter English about whe
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Study questions whether pubs can effectively prevent COVID-19 transmission risk
A new first-of-its-kind study has questioned whether pub operators can effectively and consistently prevent COVID-19 transmission – after researchers observed risks arising in licensed premises last summer.
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Teens may be more likely to use marijuana after legalization for adult recreational use
Adolescents who live in California may be more likely to use marijuana since adult recreational marijuana use was legalized in 2016, according to a new report in the Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs.
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Large-scale study finds genetic testing technology falsely detects very rare variants
A technology that is widely used by commercial genetic testing companies is 'extremely unreliable' in detecting very rare variants, meaning results suggesting individuals carry rare disease-causing genetic variants are usually wrong, according to new research published in the BMJ.
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Give African research participants more say in genomic data, say scientists
Nature, Published online: 15 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00400-9 Tensions are building in Africa over the rules that govern the donation of biological samples and data to research.
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Ageism and sexism barring grandmothers from initiatives to save newborn lives in Global South
Ageism, sexism, and Western ideals of the nuclear family have excluded grandmothers from national and international policy initiatives to save newborn lives in the Global South, suggests an analysis published in the online journal BMJ Global Health .
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Drinking, smoking, and drug use linked to premature heart disease in the young
Recreational drinking, smoking, and drug use is linked to premature heart disease in young people, particularly younger women, finds research published online in the journal Heart .
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5 Plants With Medicinal Properties in Your Own Backyard
The plants in your backyard aren't just nice to look at. Some may also hold some surprising medicinal uses.
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Zika vaccine candidate shows promise in phase I trial
The Zika virus candidate, Ad26.ZIKV.001, a replication-incompetent human adenovirus serotype 26 (ad26) vector showed promising safety and immunogenicity in a phase I clinical trial. Researchers say the vaccine warrants further development should the need reemerge. The findings are published in Annals of Internal Medicine.
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Lipid nanoparticles in COVID-19 vaccines: The new mercury to antivaxxers
When it comes to antivaccine misinformation and the COVID-19 pandemic, everything old is new again, at least if you haven't been paying attention. This time around, it's the resurrection of an old favorite antivaccine trope, the "toxins" gambit. Truly, lipid nanoparticles are the new mercury. The post first appeared on Science-Based Medicine .
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 15 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21448-1
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 15 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21490-z
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 15 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21192-6
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One billion galaxies: Astronomers unveil largest sky map ever made
An international team of scientists created the world's largest astronomical map in an effort to better understand dark energy. Dark energy is the force that's thought to be driving the expansion of the universe. The ultimate goal of the team is to develop a three-dimensional map of the universe, which could help scientists unravel the mysteries of dark energy. The universe is constantly expandin
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 15 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21523-7
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Ceramic in meteorites upends theory of early solar system
A new analysis of ceramic chips embedded in meteorites suggests the formation of our solar system was not as quiet and orderly as we once thought. The new study builds evidence that the baby solar system likely witnessed wild temperature swings and changing conditions. That contradicts the decades-old theory that the solar system had gradually and steadily cooled following the formation of the su
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Claim for giant 'Planet Nine' at Solar System's edge takes a hit
Study finds odd clustering of distant worlds is due to selection bias, not an unseen planet's gravity
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Expert: Few US schools teach Black history well
Poor materials and lack of rigor keep schools from offering rich lessons on the African American experience, an education policy expert argues. As the United States marks Black History Month this year, more K-12 schools in the United States are teaching Black history than ever before. However, ongoing analysis from Johns Hopkins University finds these efforts often fail, because coursework emphas
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In predicting shallow but dangerous landslides, size matters
Scientific understanding of landslides has improved immensely in the last few decades, but models that predict which areas could slide during specific storm events overpredict, forcing government agencies to evacuate unnecessarily large areas. UC Berkeley geoscientists have created improved models that more narrowly pinpoint the most hazardous areas, but they've run up against a wall: they need da
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New surgery may enable better control of prosthetic limbs
MIT researchers in collaboration with surgeons at Harvard Medical School have devised a new type of amputation surgery that can help amputees better control their residual muscles and receive sensory feedback. This restored sense of proprioception should translate to better control of prosthetic limbs, as well as reduction of limb pain, the researchers say.
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Counterintuitive approach may improve eyewitness identification
Experts have devised a novel approach to selecting photos for police lineups that helps witnesses identify culprits more reliably
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CO2 dip may have helped dinosaurs walk from South America to Greenland
A new study identifies a climate phenomenon that may have helped sauropodomorphs spread northward across the Pangea supercontinent.
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Disgusted by spoiled food? You may be protecting yourself from disease
Amazonian tribal members who felt more disgust had less evidence of infection
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Existing heart failure drug may treat potential COVID-19 long-hauler symptom
UC San Diego clinical trial suggests ivabradine may be effective in treating postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, a potential COVID-19 long-hauler symptom.
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Mid-life cardiovascular disease prevention may protect against later dementia
Employing cardiovascular disease prevention strategies in mid-life may delay or stop the brain alterations that can lead to dementia later in life, according to a study in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
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Spanish scientists uncover early links between cardiovascular risk and brain metabolism
Investigators at the CNIC have discovered a link between brain metabolism, cardiovascular risk, and atherosclerosis during middle age, years before symptoms appear
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PLUS.
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To close gender gap, fight pay secrecy
Pay secrecy contributes to the gender pay gap, say researchers. On average, women make 18% less than their male counterparts. Over the last decade, more than a dozen states plus the District of Columbia have enacted legislation banning pay secrecy policies—workplace rules that prohibit workers from discussing wages and salaries. The laws aim to eliminate a means by which employers can discriminat
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Lower testosterone during puberty increases the brain's sensitivity to it in adulthood
Young men with lower testosterone levels throughout puberty become more sensitive to how the hormone influences the brain's responses to faces in adulthood, according to new research published in JNeurosci.
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BBC News – Science & Environment
Nasa Mars rover: Confidence high as mission heads for tricky landing
The Perseverance rover could not be more aptly named, says Nasa science chief Thomas Zurbuchen.
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More trees do not always create a cooler planet, study shows
New research by an environmental scientist reveals that deforestation in the U.S. does not always cause planetary warming, as is commonly assumed; instead, in some places, it actually cools the planet.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 15 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21530-8
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 15 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21566-w
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Keeping schools open without masks or quarantines doubled Swedish teachers' COVID-19 risk
Students' parents and teachers' spouses had a lower increase in risk, according to detailed Swedish health registry
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1918 pandemic provides warning about COVID-19's future
The 1918 influenza pandemic provides a cautionary tale for what the future may hold for COVID-19, says Siddharth Chandra. After a decade studying a flu virus that killed approximately 15,000 Michigan residents, Chandra, a professor in the James Madison College at Michigan State University, saw his research come to life as he watched the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. "Bad things can still happe
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What the GameStop frenzy means for the stock market's future
Even as events around GameStop's stock were unfolding, the capacity for individual investors to move the market had become quite clear, says Campbell Harvey. "For years, the retail investor has been marginalized and the market has been dominated by institutional investors," says Harvey , a finance professor and researcher at Duke University's Fuqua School of Business. "However, I think we've seen
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Att såga på riktigt gör slöjdundervisningen bättre
Hur sågar man av en bräda? Slöjdlärare instruerar oftast med ord eller med rörelser i luften. Men eleverna lär sig bättre med konkret kommunikation, visar forskning. Genom att lära ut med hjälp av konkreta handlingar, som att såga på riktigt i en planka, ger slöjdläraren eleverna bäst förutsättningar att lära sig saker, visar en avhandling som undersöker kommunikationen mellan lärare och elever i
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CTLA-4 blockade drives loss of Treg stability in glycolysis-low tumours
Nature, Published online: 15 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03326-4 CTLA-4 blockade drives loss of T reg stability in glycolysis-low tumours
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Metabolic support of tumour-infiltrating regulatory T cells by lactic acid
Nature, Published online: 15 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-020-03045-2 The tumour microenvironment is low in glucose and high in the alternative metabolite lactate, which regulatory T cells are shown here to use, maintaining their ability to suppress effector immune cells.
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Key workers' dedication takes a toll on their families: What employers should do to help
The COVID-19 pandemic has seen many in key roles—such as doctors, nurses, police officers and teachers—working tirelessly, going well beyond their contracts to keep things running.
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Tropical paper wasps babysit for neighbours
Wasps provide crucial support to their extended families by babysitting at neighbouring nests, according to new research by a team of biologists from the universities of Bristol, Exeter and UCL published today [15 February] in Nature Ecology and Evolution .
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Light used to detect quantum information stored in 100,000 nuclear quantum bits
Researchers have found a way to use light and a single electron to communicate with a cloud of quantum bits and sense their behaviour, making it possible to detect a single quantum bit in a dense cloud.
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Insight about tumor microenvironment could boost cancer immunotherapy
A paper published today in Nature shows how chemicals in the areas surrounding tumors – known as the tumor microenvironment – subvert the immune system and enable cancer to evade attack. These findings suggest that an existing drug could boost cancer immunotherapy.
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New skin patch brings us closer to wearable, all-in-one health monitor
Engineers at the University of California San Diego have developed a soft, stretchy skin patch that can be worn on the neck to continuously track blood pressure and heart rate while measuring the wearer's levels of glucose as well as lactate, alcohol or caffeine. It is the first wearable device that monitors cardiovascular signals and multiple biochemical levels in the human body at the same time.
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Moiré patterns facilitate discovery of novel insulating phases
Materials having excess electrons are typically conductors. However, moiré patterns — interference patterns that typically arise when one object with a repetitive pattern is placed over another with a similar pattern — can suppress electrical conductivity, a study led by physicists at the University of California, Riverside, has found.
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New immunotherapy target discovered for malignant brain tumors
Scientists say they have discovered a potential new target for immunotherapy of malignant brain tumors, which so far have resisted the ground-breaking cancer treatment based on harnessing the body's immune system. The discovery, reported in the journal CELL, emerged from laboratory experiments and has no immediate implications for treating patients.
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Posttraumatic stress after natural disasters
Data from four studies of children and adolescents exposed to major U.S. hurricanes were pooled to examine posttraumatic stress symptoms after those events and the factors associated with them.
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Cheap, potent pathway to pandemic therapeutics
By capitalizing on a convergence of chemical, biological and artificial intelligence advances, scientists have developed an unusually fast and efficient method for discovering tiny antibody fragments with big potential for development into therapeutics against deadly diseases.
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Wildlife trade imperils species, even in protected areas
Study exposes threats, but also major gaps in research
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Homeschooling links with inequality are far from new
In 2020, the pandemic has made homeschooling a fact of life. Even before this, though, what was once the obscure choice of a few families has grown in popularity over the past decade. In 2019, the Children's Commissioner for England estimated that around 60,000 children were homeschooled.
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Frigid Arctic air, winter storms grip much of US
Much of the United States was in the icy grip of an unprecedented winter storm Monday as frigid Arctic air sent temperatures plunging, forcing hundreds of flight cancellations, making driving hazardous and leaving millions without power.
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Culture change needed for women in COVID-19 era
As Brazil reels from the impact of COVID-19, a "profound cultural change" is needed to stop women bearing the brunt of the crisis, says the head of biomedical research institute Fiocruz.
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Late ice cramps anglers' appetite, research of crucial fish
A lack of ice in cold weather states this year has made it difficult for scientists to study the population of an ecologically important fish.
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Indian women experience far more COVID-related hardship than men, research finds
New research has revealed that women in India have suffered much more than men during the coronavirus pandemic, and in more ways than is usually recognised, due to pre-existing gender inequalities.
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Gay men who 'sound gay' encounter more stigma and discrimination from heterosexual peers
Gay men are more likely than lesbian women to face stigma and avoidant prejudice from their heterosexual peers due to the sound of their voice, a new study in the British Journal of Social Psychology reports. Researchers also found that gay men who believe they sound gay anticipate stigma and are more vigilant regarding the reactions of others.
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
Late ice cramps anglers' appetite, research of crucial fish
A lack of ice in cold weather states this year has made it difficult for scientists to study the population of an ecologically important fish.
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The relationship factors people ponder when deciding whether to break up
Where do you see yourself in five years? It's a standard job interview question, but it's an even better question to ask yourself about your relationship.
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Breastfeeding moms with COVID-19 pass antibodies to their babies
Breastfeeding women with COVID-19 don't transmit the SARS-CoV-2 virus through their milk, but do pass on milk-borne antibodies that can neutralize the virus, a new study indicates. Researchers analyzed 37 milk samples submitted by 18 women diagnosed with COVID-19. None of the milk samples contained the virus, while nearly two thirds of the samples did contain two antibodies specific to the virus.
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Research: Indonesian female academics bear the brunt of the pandemic
COVID-19 has brought an unprecedented crisis to universities around the world. But female academics in Indonesian universities are facing additional constraints.
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IBM's New Software Will Make Quantum Programs Run 100 Times Faster
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Fintech trends to follow in 2021
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New physics rules tested on quantum computer
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NASA's OMG: Warming Seas Are Accelerating Greenland's Glacier Retreat
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Jaguar To Turn All Electric By 2025, Land Rover EVs Start In 2024
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Harnessing socially distant molecular interactions for future computing
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What if Artificial Intelligence Decided How to Allocate Stimulus Money?
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Jaguar to become all-electric brand from 2025
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One day, a computer will fit on a desk (1974)
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What is the likelihood of UBI by 2025?
we have been hearing about it for over a decade, yet political change is always slow.. what do you think are the chances that one of the major countries would set some kind of UBI up by 2025? submitted by /u/pablo-pon [link] [comments]
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Scientists want to help users remain in the DMT realm for an extended period (14 July 2016)
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This Chinese City Has 16,000 Electric Buses And 22,000 Electric Taxis
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Lithium could help control extreme heat in future fusion facilities
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A 3D Printed House Just Went up on Zillow—for Half the Price of Its Neighbors
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Shell Says It Has Reached Peak Oil Production
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Over 1.000 Starlink-satellitter i kredsløb: Nu er hastigheden høj nok til film og gaming
PLUS. Jo flere bredbåndssatellitter amerikanske Starlink får i kredsløb, jo bedre hastighed og svartider. Men de færreste danskere har noget at vinde.
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Science | Smithsonian Magazine
The National Air and Space Museum's New Take on Lunar Exploration
Destination Moon will tell the story with a post-Apollo audience in mind
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Nationalt Genom Center har udvalgt 12 patientgrupper til at blive genomsekventeret
60.000 danske patienter med navngivne sygdomme vil over de næste 4 år få tilbudt genomsekventering med henblik på behandling med mere personlig medicin. »Det er et helt unikt tilbud,« siger Bettina Lundgren, adm. direktør for Nationalt Genom Center.
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Researchers identify up to 98 potential species of melon, watermelon and almond pollinating bees
Researchers from the Faculty of Biological Sciences of the University of Valencia (UV), with other Spanish and European universities, have identified a total of 98 species of bees potentially pollinating three crops of economic importance in Spain: melon, watermelon and almond. The research, published in the journal Annales de la Société entomologique de France, will help plan conservation actions
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
Researchers identify up to 98 potential species of melon, watermelon and almond pollinating bees
Researchers from the Faculty of Biological Sciences of the University of Valencia (UV), with other Spanish and European universities, have identified a total of 98 species of bees potentially pollinating three crops of economic importance in Spain: melon, watermelon and almond. The research, published in the journal Annales de la Société entomologique de France, will help plan conservation actions
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Higher elevation birds sport thicker down "jackets" to survive the cold
A new study examines feathers across 249 species of Himalayan songbirds, finding that birds at higher elevations have more of fluffy down than lower elevation birds. Finding such a clear pattern across many species underscores how important feathers are to birds' ability to adapt to their environments. Furthermore, finding that birds from colder environments tend to have more down may one day help
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Cloud simulations get a dose of realism
A cloud simulation that captures the development and evolution of clouds based on atmospheric physical processes is more accurate than other models.
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Læk giver smugkig ind i EU's nye forskningsprogram til 100 mia. euro
EU holder kortene tæt til kroppen om detaljerne i det nye forskningsprogram Horizon Europe, men lækkede dokumenter giver indblik i, hvad der kan søges støtte til.
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Improved use of databases could save billions of euro in health care costs
Years of suffering and billions of euro in global health care costs, arising from osteoporosis-related bone fractures, could be eliminated using big data to target vulnerable patients, according to researchers at Lero, the Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Software.
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 15 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-81863-8
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Daily briefing: The human genome sequence, 20 years on
Nature, Published online: 12 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00413-4 Celebrate 20 years since the publication of the first drafts of the human genome. Plus, Neanderthal-like 'mini-brains' created in the laboratory with CRISPR, and Stonehenge was erected in Wales first.
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Avian insights into human ciliopathies
Ciliopathies are genetic disorders caused by defects in the structure and function of cilia, and present a wide range of clinical symptoms, leading to conditions such as micrognathia (an underdeveloped lower jaw that can impair feeding and breathing). Researchers have now discovered that ciliopathic micrognathia in an animal model results from abnormal skeletal differentiation and remodelling.
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Young people more worried about Brexit than COVID-19
Two fifths (42%) of adults aged 18-29 report being stressed about Brexit, more than the proportion who are worried about catching COVID-19 (32%) or becoming seriously ill from the disease (22%), find UCL researchers as part of the COVID-19 Social Study.
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An inner sensor of body movement revealed in zebrafish
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have revealed a central proprioceptive organ built directly into the central nervous system that acts as an inner movement sensor. The article was recently published in the journal Neuron.
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
An inner sensor of body movement revealed in zebrafish
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have revealed a central proprioceptive organ built directly into the central nervous system that acts as an inner movement sensor. The article was recently published in the journal Neuron.
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Kan livsstilsinterventioner hos gravida med fetma påverka fostrets gener?
Påverkar fetma hos den gravida kvinnan fostrets gener? Och vad händer om hon gör en livsstilsförändring? Forskare från Sverige, Danmark och Spanien har undersökt om barns gener programmeras annorlunda om den gravida kvinnan med ett BMI på över 30 genomgick livsstilsinterventioner.
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Perfluorerade kemikalier kopplas till missfall
Exponering för perfluorerade kemikalier, PFAS, kan kopplas till missfall under tidig graviditet. Det visar forskning från Karlstads universitet. PFAS förekommer i bland annat brandskum och i en lång rad vanliga konsumtionsprodukter. Forskare vid Karlstads, Örebros och Lunds universitet har fått resultat som ger ytterligare stöd för att den här typen av kemikalier kan ge upphov till negativa effek
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Metaller i sjöar sprids till fåglar på land
Vattenlevande insekter lagrar metaller under sitt larvstadium i vattnet. De flygfärdiga insekterna transporterar sedan de lagrade metallerna upp på land där de hamnar i kroppen på landlevande djur, såsom fåglar, vars föda är insekter. Kunskap om skadliga ämnens spridning och påverkan i miljön är grundläggande för att kunna utveckla säkra miljökvalitetsnormer och därmed begränsa föroreningars skad
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VIDEO: Tag et smugkig på test-serie af den nye Mars-rover
Der er touchdown på Mars i denne uge. Alt på roveren Perseverance har været udsat for test før opsendelsen. I denne video får du et indblik i alt fra faldskærmudløsere til vindtunnel- og centrifugetest, samt test af de nye hjul.
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PLUS.
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Commuters are inhaling unacceptably high levels of carcinogens
New UC Riverside research shows the average commuter in California is breathing unsustainably high levels of benzene and formaldehyde, two Prop. 65-listed, carcinogenic chemicals.
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A machine-learning approach to finding treatment options for Covid-19
MIT researchers have developed a machine-learning approach to identify drugs that could be repurposed to fight Covid-19. The advance could boost clinical trial efforts, and it could be adapted to a broader range of diseases.
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Managing crab and lobster catches could offer long-term benefits
A study by the University of Plymouth (UK) has found that managing the density of crab and lobster pots at an optimum level increases the quality of catch, benefits the marine environment and makes the industry more sustainable in the long term.
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The comet that killed the dinosaurs
In a study published in Scientific Reports , Avi Loeb puts forth a new theory that could explain the origin and journey of the comet that killed the Chicxulub impactor and others like it.
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New physics rules tested on quantum computer
Simulation of non-Hermitian quantum mechanics using a quantum computer goes beyond centuries old conventions
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Invasive flies prefer untouched territory when laying eggs
A recent study finds that the invasive spotted wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii) prefers to lay its eggs in places that no other spotted wing flies have visited. The finding raises questions about how the flies can tell whether a piece of fruit is virgin territory – and what that might mean for pest control.
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Reply to: 'Flooding is a key driver of the Tonle Sap dai fishery in Cambodia'
Scientific Reports, Published online: 15 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-81437-8
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
A summary of eye-related visits to a tertiary emergency department
Scientific Reports, Published online: 15 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83351-5
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 15 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83321-x -308G/A polymorphism of tumor necrosis factor alpha ( TNF-α ) gene and metabolic syndrome susceptibility: a meta-analysis
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 15 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-020-80920-y
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 15 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83508-2
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Flooding is a key driver of the Tonle Sap dai fishery in Cambodia
Scientific Reports, Published online: 15 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-81248-x
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 15 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83344-4
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
All-optical switching of an epsilon-near-zero plasmon resonance in indium tin oxide
Nature Communications, Published online: 15 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21332-y All-optical switching is important for integrated-photonics and communication devices. Here the authors demonstrate all-optical switching of an Epsilon-Near-Zero plasmon resonance using indium tin oxide thin film.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
PrimeDesign software for rapid and simplified design of prime editing guide RNAs
Nature Communications, Published online: 15 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21337-7 Prime editing guide RNA design is more complex than for standard CRISPR-based nucleases or base editors. Here the authors present PrimeDesign and PrimeVar for the rapid and simplified design of pegRNA and ngRNA combinations.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Quantum confinement of the Dirac surface states in topological-insulator nanowires
Nature Communications, Published online: 15 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21230-3 In topological insulator nanowires quantized Dirac sub-bands are expected, but direct evidence is still missing. Here, the authors report signatures of sub-bands in the gate-voltage dependence of the resistance by tuning the chemical potential in (Bi1−xSbx)2Te3 nanowires through the Dirac point.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Proteome-wide and matrisome-specific alterations during human pancreas development and maturation
Nature Communications, Published online: 15 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21261-w The pancreatic extracellular matrix (ECM) is known to differ between species, age groups and physiological states, but its compositional changes throughout human life are not well understood. Here, the authors study how the proteome of pancreatic ECM changes during human development and maturation.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 15 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21266-5 Fires triggered by climate change threaten plant diversity in many biomes. Here the authors investigate how the catastrophic fires of 2019–2020 affected the vascular flora of SE Australia. They report that 816 species were highly impacted, including taxa of biogeographic and conservation interest.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Janus 3D printed dynamic scaffolds for nanovibration-driven bone regeneration
Nature Communications, Published online: 15 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21325-x Fabrication of dynamic, reversible and biocompatible scaffolds with non-invasive external triggers has so far been limited. Here, the authors report on the creation of 3D printed scaffolds with Janus structure that produce nanovibrations when exposed to ultrasound, promoting bone regeneration.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 15 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21252-x The diffusion of fluids in complex nanoporous geometries represents a challenge for modelling approaches. Here, the authors describe the macroscopic diffusivity of a simple fluid in disordered nanoporous materials by bridging microscopic and mesoscopic dynamics with parameters obtained from simple physical l
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Maternal aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation protects newborns against necrotizing enterocolitis
Nature Communications, Published online: 15 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21356-4 Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a disease of prematurity requiring Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation on the gut epithelium. Here the authors show that the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) mediates NEC pathogenesis via effects on TLR4, and that supplementing the diet with AHR ligands during pregnancy o
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Norge undersøger brintrørs-satsning i milliardklassen
Energiselskabet Eguinor undersøger Norges muligheder for at eksportere brint til Europa.
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Forskere bag studie med 500.000 borgere: Drop æggene og lev længere
PLUS. Forskere advarer mod at spise æggeblommer for undgå øget risiko for hjertekarsygdomme og kræft. Ifølge fedmeforsker Nina Geiker kan man dog roligt spise æg uden at være bekymret.
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Factial Action Coding System (FACS) Tutorials
Hi all FYI, I'm working on a FACS tutorials series https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q_7hnM9Y0a8 Best wishes Oli submitted by /u/Broad-Fuel4116 [link] [comments]
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The Psychedelic Experience: Who/What/When/Where/Why/How It's Like to Meet Yourself
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Japan powers out of coronavirus dip with 3% fourth-quarter growth
Rise in GDP boosts hopes of mounting a 'V-shaped' recovery
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Capuchin monkey genome reveals clues to its long life and large brain
An international team of scientists has sequenced the genome of a capuchin monkey for the first time, uncovering new genetic clues about the evolution of their long lifespan and large brains. Published in PNAS, the work was led by the University of Calgary in Canada and involved researchers at the University of Liverpool.
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Membrane building blocks play decisive role in controlling cell growth
Lipids are the building blocks of a cell's envelope – the cell membrane. In addition to their structural function, some lipids also play a regulatory role and decisively influence cell growth. This has been investigated in a new study by scientists at Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU). The impact of the lipids depends on how they are distributed over the plasma membrane. The study wa
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Peeking at the pathfinding strategies of the hippocampus in the brain
The Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) announced that the research team led by Sebastien Royer uncovered that place cells in the hippocampus encode spatial information using interchangeably two distinct information processing mechanisms referred to as a rate code and a phase code, somewhat analogue to the number and spatial arrangement of bars in bar codes. In addition, the research
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Parents Say COVID-19 has disrupted children's dental care
A third of parents say the COVID-19 pandemic has made it difficult to get dental care for their children, a new national poll suggests. But some families may face greater challenges than others.
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SF vil have demokratisk digitalisering: »Det kræver tillid til de offentlige systemer«
Digitalisering stiller strenge krav til tilliden til det offentlige. For med de mange fordele for borgerne følger også en række etiske dilemmaer – og her skal særligt børnene skærmes, lyder det fra it-ordfører hos SF Karina Lorenzen.
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Nanowire could provide a stable, easy-to-make superconducting transistor
Researchers developed a superconducting nanowire that could enable efficient, easy-to-make electronics. The advance could boost quantum computing, as well as magnetic sensors for applications in brain imaging and telescopes.
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Sounds influence the developing brain earlier than previously thought
In experiments in newborn mice, scientists report that sounds appear to change 'wiring' patterns in areas of the brain that process sound earlier than scientists assumed and even before the ear canal opens.
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Tænkeboks: Hvor dyb er brønden?
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Regional information for society (RifS) and unresolved issues
It's encouraging to note the growing interest for regional climate information for society and climate adaptation, such as recent advances in the World Climate Research Programme ( WCRP ), the climate adaptation summit CAS2021 , and the new Digital Europe . These efforts are likely to boost the Global Framework for Climate Services ( GFCS ) needed as a guide to decision-makers on matters influenc
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Readers Respond to the October 2020 Issue
Letters to the editor from the October 2020 issue of Scientific American — Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
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Aspirin preferred to prevent blood clots in kids after heart surgery
Aspirin should be favoured over warfarin to prevent blood clotting in children who undergo a surgery that replumbs their hearts, according to a new study.
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Gratis adgang til videnskabshistorisk slikbutik
PLUS. En ny publikationsplatform giver gratis adgang til samtlige historiske publikationer fra Videnskabernes Selskab. Vi tog et par stikprøver.
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Lab accident hypothesis, though "extremely unlikely," has not been ruled out, Peter Ben Embarek says after returning from 4-week investigation
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Kameraer og kunstig intelligens redder sjældne fugle fra møllevinger
PLUS. Kunstig intelligens, der stopper vindmøller, hvis store rovfugle kommer for tæt på, har reduceret antallet af døde fugle med 82 procent. Men det løser ikke problemet, mener Dansk Ornitologisk Forening.
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Power-to-X i stor skala kan true gasnettet
PLUS. Som ejer af gastransmissionsnettet har Energinet analyseret fremtidige udviklingsmuligheder – én ting er afgørende.
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Artificial Intelligence is simply that: 'intelligence'. There is nothing wrong with intelligence reaching infinity. The threat is upon it's achievement of true sentience, and AI interpreting it's environment negatively. As of now it's level of intelligence is basically just a math problem too long for any individual to comprehend alone (however, many organizations are dedicated to this surveillan
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Hope prepares to enter orbit around Mars – SpaceNews
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Swirlonic state of active matter | Scientific Reports
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NASA Contractor Signs Deal to Build Greenhouses in Earth's Orbit
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This biotech startup is cleaning up laundry detergent
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In Nevada desert, a blockchain technology company aims to be a government
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Worlds Largest Indoor Vertical Farm Keeps Growing In Newark, NJ
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Chinese EV Invasion! The Electric Cars To Look Out For In 2021
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Elon Musk: 'My top recommendation' for reducing greenhouse gas emissions is a carbon tax
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Newly discovered galaxy 'defies understanding', say astronomers
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Machine learning and serving of discrete field theories | Scientific Reports
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Raising the steaks: First 3D-printed rib-eye is unveiled
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Report: NASA's only realistic path for humans on Mars is nuclear propulsion
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Researchers Levitated a Small Tray Using Nothing but Light | WIRED
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China Blows Past Clean Energy Record With Wind Capacity Jump
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Forskning & Framsteg – För dig som är nyfiken på allvar
Hur ger planeter fart åt en rymdsond?
Vad jag förstått, kan man få extra fart på rymdsonder, om de tar en sväng runt en planet. Sonden får högre hastighet, medan planeten får lägre. Är det skillnad om sonden tar en sväng runt Merkurius jämfört med Jupiter?/Stefan Jeppsson
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Biochemistry Research News — ScienceDaily
Flowers of St. John's Wort serve as green catalyst
An interdisciplinary team of scientists has for the first time used dried flowers of St. John's Wort (genus Hypericum) as an active catalyst in various photochemical reactions.
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Capturing free-space optical light for high-speed wifi
Visible and infrared light can carry more data than radio waves, but has always been confined to a hard-wired, fiber-optic cable. A research team has now made a major advance toward the dream of ditching the fiber in fiber optics.
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We created a Discord Server for you!
An academic hub where casual conversation, personal expression, and intellectual exploration are all encouraged! An internet refuge to discuss humanities and sciences within a welcoming and inclusive community! An adaptive environment that will grow and develop with its members! Soul Sanctum : where heart, mind, and spirit meet. Come join us, and see what you think! https://discord.gg/Aqu7vyEY5j
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McGill University Cognitive Science Panel
The Student Association of Cognitive Science of McGill University is hosting a panel via Zoom this Thursday, February 18, at 5 PM EST. Our panellists, Dr. Ian Gold (Philosophy of Mind, Philosophy of Neuroscience, and Philosophy of Psychiatry), Dr. Brendan Johns (Big Data and Machine Learning approaches to Cognitive Science), Dr. Samuel Vessière (Cognitive anthropology, social dimensions of cognit
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Online MSc in Cognitive Science?
Hello. I just posted yesterday a list of cogsci masters in Europe. I did this because I want to email all of them to suggest doing an online distance version since I can't find any. (I have emailed about half, and most have replied that they have no intentions of doing so) But of course, it's highly unlikely that will happen, it was just a shoot in the dark. Nevertheless, many of you added other
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Increasing hurricane intensity around Bermuda linked to rising ocean temperatures
New research shows that hurricane maximum wind speeds in the subtropical Atlantic around Bermuda have more than doubled on average over the last 60 years due to rising ocean temperatures in the region.
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How comparable different stress tests are
Scientists use many different tests to investigate what happens in the brain in people experiencing stress. It is unclear to what extent the various methods with which subjects are placed under stress are comparable to each other. In a meta-analysis, researchers compared 31 previous studies that had investigated stress using functional magnetic resonance imaging. The team worked out which regions
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Researchers have broken the code for cell communication
Knowledge on how cells communicate is an important key to understanding many biological systems and diseases. A research team has now used a unique combination of methods to map the mechanism behind cellular communication. Their findings can potentially improve understanding of the underlying mechanism behind type 2 diabetes.
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In chronic infections, the immune system can become exhausted. Researchers have looked into how this works.
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Detecting single molecules and diagnosing diseases with a smartphone
Researchers show that the light emitted by a single molecule can be detected with a low-cost optical setup. Their prototype could facilitate medical diagnostics.
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Green tea compound aids p53, 'guardian of the genome' and tumor suppressor
An antioxidant found in green tea may increase levels of p53, a natural anti-cancer protein, known as the "guardian of the genome" for its ability to repair DNA damage or destroy cancerous cells.
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Prediabetes may be linked to worse brain health
Researchers analyzed data from the UK Biobank of 500,000 people aged 58 years on average, and found that people with higher than normal blood sugar levels were 42% more likely to experience cognitive decline over an average of four years, and were 54% more likely to develop vascular dementia over an average of eight years (although absolute rates of both cognitive decline and dementia were low).
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Heart failure cases soar globally
The number of patients with heart failure worldwide nearly doubled from 33.5 million in 1990 to 64.3 million in 2017.
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Facts on the ground: How microplastics in the soil contribute to environmental pollution
Plastic is a major threat to the environment. Of particular ecological risk is its manifestation as microplastics (<5 mm in size) in the agricultural environment. Scientists addressed this issue in a recent study, looking into the levels, shapes, and sizes of microplastics in Korean agricultural soils. They reported new insights on the agricultural sources of microplastics, contributing to a bette
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Implant improves balance, movement and quality of life for people with inner ear disorder
Researchers have shown that they can facilitate walking, relieve dizziness and improve quality of life in patients with BVH by surgically implanting a stimulator that electrically bypasses malfunctioning areas of the inner ear and partially restores the sensation of balance.
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Tuning the circadian clock, boosting rhythms may be key to future treatments and medicines
Subconsciously, our bodies keep time for us through an ancient means – the circadian clock. A new article reviews how the clock controls various aspects of homeostasis, and how organs coordinate their function over the course of a day.
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Hope for children with bow hunter syndrome
Fusing the neck's top two vertebrae can prevent repeat strokes in children with bow hunter syndrome, a rare condition that affects a handful of U.S. pediatric patients each year, researchers suggest in a recent study. The finding offers a new way to treat these children and protect them from potentially lifelong neurological consequences.
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New insights to past ecosystems are now available based on pollen and plant traits
Researchers have mined and combined information from two databases to link pollen and key plant traits to generate confidence in the ability to reconstruct past ecosystem services. The approach can help understand how plants performed different benefits useful for humans over the past 21,000 years, and how these services responded to human and climate disturbances.
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A plant's nutrient-sensing abilities can modulate its response to environmental stress
Understanding how plants respond to stressful environmental conditions is crucial to developing effective strategies for protecting important agricultural crops from a changing climate. New research reveals an important process by which plants switch between amplified and dampened stress responses.
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Ebola is so pernicious because it pulls a fast one on the body, disguising itself as a dying cell. A study identifies a pathway that all filoviruses use to gain entry into our cells — and shows how they can be stopped in their tracks by at least one FDA-approved drug.
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Once bitten, twice shy: the neurology of why one bad curry could put us off for life
A negative experience with food usually leaves us unable to stomach the thought of eating that particular dish again. Using sugar-loving snails as models, researchers believe these bad experiences could be causing a switch in our brains, which impacts our future eating habits.
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Biodiversity important at regional scales
New research shows that biodiversity is important not just at the traditional scale of short-term plot experiments — in which ecologists monitor the health of a single meadow, forest grove, or pond after manipulating its species counts — but when measured over decades and across regional landscapes as well. The findings can help guide conservation planning and enhance efforts to make human commu
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Young galaxies grow up faster than astronomers previously thought
A young galaxy has the hallmark central bulge and spiral arms of a much older one, suggesting that galaxies may form more quickly than previously thought
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Sound waves from fin whale songs could help us study Earth's crust
Seismologists studying earthquake activity off the US coast recorded fin whale songs, which they found can be used to tell the thickness and makeup of Earth's crust
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Feeding your cat a very meaty diet may mean it kills less wildlife
In a small trial in the UK, pet cats fed on an unusually meaty diet brought home 36 per cent fewer prey animals than cats given a typical diet
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Stretchy bands generate electricity from body heat to power gadgets
Self-healing and eco-friendly devices that generate electricity from body heat could power wearable gadgets, such as a heart monitor for runners
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NASA's Perseverance rover is about to land on Mars and look for life
On 18 February, NASA's Perseverance rover will land on Mars, where it will look for signs of life and take samples that will eventually be brought back to Earth
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Microsoft Teams AI could tell you who is most enjoying your video call
Researchers at Microsoft have developed an AI for the firm's Teams videoconferencing software that highlights positive audience reactions during a virtual presentation
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Listen to the oldest known conch shell horn from 18,000 years ago
An 18,000-year-old conch shell originally found in the Pyrenees mountains in 1931 may have been used as a musical instrument by Magdalenian people
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Men who are bad at public speaking can get help from a virtual clone
Observing a virtual version of yourself delivering a speech well can improve your public speaking skills – but only if you're male, and not already very good at public speaking
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Cannibal cockroaches nibble each other's wings after they have mated
The wood-feeding cockroach may be the only known example of a species that practices mutual sexual cannibalism – the male and female both nibble each other's wings after mating
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Net zero has taken the world by storm in a rare climate win
The concept of net zero has rapidly taken hold in the public consciousness and it is having a big impact on pledges to cut carbon, writes Graham Lawton
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Next coronavirus vaccines may be drops, pills or printed on demand
The world needs new vaccines to beat novel coronavirus variants, overcome delays and solve global inequality over vaccine access – here's what's in the works for 2021 and beyond
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Recent drop in emissions from China may speed up ozone layer recovery
The ozone layer may recover more quickly than first thought thanks mostly to reduced emissions from China of a banned ozone-depleting gas
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The 5 best things you can do to boost the chance of a vaccine working
The coronavirus vaccines won't work for everyone, but there are plenty of things we know can help with vaccine success, from sleeping well before a jab to avoiding doomscrolling afterwards and getting enough exercise
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China's Tianwen-1 mission is now orbiting Mars ahead of landing
The Tianwen-1 mission, China's first independent interplanetary mission, has reached orbit around Mars and is now preparing to drop its rover to the surface
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Female giraffes who hang out with friends live longer than loners
Female giraffes who socialise in a group with at least three others have a better chance of survival – unlike male giraffes, who don't form long-lasting relationships
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Vampire bat adopts orphan baby bat after untimely death of its mother
A female vampire bat has adopted an orphaned baby bat and begun nursing it after creating a close social bond with the baby's mother before she died
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Dragonflies do a backwards roll to fly upright – even when unconscious
To get out of an upside-down position, dragonflies do a backwards roll to stabilise their flight – even when they're unconscious, and if their wings are propped open, they do it when they're dead
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How can you tell if a coronavirus vaccine has given you immunity?
Not everyone will have side effects such as a sore arm from a coronavirus vaccine, but that doesn't mean it didn't work. Antibody tests can confirm your immunity, but they must be the right kind
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Ancient caterpillar had armoured spikes to protect it from early birds
A fossil caterpillar from 100 million years ago was equipped with defensive spines, making it the first known armoured caterpillar from the dinosaur era
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Device that self-assembles in the uterus could limit wild horse births
To limit the spread of feral horses, researchers have invented a birth control delivery device that assembles with magnets inside the uterus and could help sterilise mares for years
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Deaths from fossil fuel air pollution are double what we thought
There are 8.7 million premature deaths each year from fossil fuel-related air pollution, according to the latest estimate – the previous estimate was 4.2 million
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Climate change is making US hay fever season longer and more intense
Pollen seasons in the US have lengthened by about 10 days over 30 years, and there is 21 per cent more pollen in the air, as plants respond to a warming climate and higher levels of carbon dioxide
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South Africa rethinks plans after variant evades AstraZeneca vaccine
South Africa has paused its roll-out of the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine because it might not be effective against the South African B.1.351 coronavirus variant – but it is still likely to limit the severity of covid-19
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Large variation in daily temperatures linked to lower economic growth
We already know that large fluctuations in annual temperatures damage economies – now there's evidence that day-to-day temperature changes are harmful too
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Decline of butterfly collecting hobby threatens conservation research
Entomologists have relied on butterfly and moth specimens gathered by amateurs since the 1800s, but the decline of the hobby and a shift to photography could make conservation research more difficult
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Life in the pandemic is exhausting, but there is hope for calmer times
The pressure of the pandemic risks building to burnout, but news that vaccines help stop people catching and spreading the coronavirus offers hope of release
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Inside the race to tweak covid-19 vaccines and stay ahead of mutations
The coronavirus is evolving to evade the protection from vaccines and natural immunity – here's what we can do to fight back
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Covid-19 news archive: January 2021
This is an archive of the New Scientist daily covid-19 news update with updates in January 2021. See updates from November/December 2020, and updates from March to November 2020.
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Our dexterous thumbs have a 2 million-year-old origin
Our thumbs allow us to use a variety of tools, from hammers to smartphones, and a new analysis of hominin fossils suggests they have a long history
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Immunotherapy — targeted drug combination improves survival in advanced kidney cancer
Patients with advanced kidney cancer, who received a targeted drug combined with a checkpoint-blocker immunotherapy agent had longer survival than patients treated with the standard targeted drug, said an investigator from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, reporting results from a phase 3 clinical trial.
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Cabozantinib most effective treatment for metastatic papillary kidney cancer
In a SWOG Cancer Research Network trial that put three targeted drugs to the test, the small molecule inhibitor cabozantinib was found most effective in treating patients with metastatic papillary kidney cancer – findings expected to change medical practice.
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Bioluminescent Bays: Where the Nighttime Sea Shimmers With Light
To truly see bioluminescence, you must be there. But skilled photographers with the right gear can offer a glimpse: Alfia Rapicano used a six-second shutter speed to capture this moment at Jervis Bay in Australia.
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New prostate cancer test could avoid unnecessary biopsies
A urine test could have avoided one third of unnecessary prostate cancer biopsies while failing to detect only a small number of cancers, according to a validation study that included more than 1,500 patients.
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Cybersecurity vulnerabilities of common seismological equipment
Seismic monitoring devices linked to the internet are vulnerable to cyberattacks that could disrupt data collection and processing, say researchers who have probed the devices for weak points.
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Take-at-home tests boost colorectal cancer screening 10x for the underserved
By making it the default to send colorectal cancer screening tests to patients' homes unless they opted out via text message, screening rates increased by more than 1,000 percent.
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Cold sores: Discovery reveals how stress, illness and even sunburn trigger flareups
The finding could lead to new ways to prevent cold sores and herpes-related eye disease from reoccurring, the researchers report.
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Origami-inspired antenna technology for use in small satellites
Scientists have revealed a novel antenna design for use in CubeSat nanosatellites using state-of-the-art communications systems like 6G communications. Using theoretical knowledge based on origami theory, mechanical dynamics, and antenna array principles, the researchers built a small, lightweight, and reconfigurable antenna for CubeSat depending on operational mode selected. This could potentiall
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Skovforsker om biodiversitet: »Vi skal finde den bæredygtige måde at bruge skoven på«
PLUS. Danmarks stigende forbrug af biomasse kan øge den store import af energitræ.
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Lemurs show there's no single formula for lasting love
Humans aren't the only mammals that form long-term bonds with a single, special mate — some lemurs and other animals do, too. Researchers are mapping the hormone receptors that underlie these primates' ability to pair up for the long haul. Their findings suggest the brain circuitry that makes love last in some species may not be the same in others.
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Portrait of young galaxy throws theory of galaxy formation on its head
Scientists have challenged our current understanding of how galaxies form by unveiling pictures of a young galaxy in the early life of the Universe which appears surprisingly mature.
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Protected areas see continued deforestation but at a reduced rate, OSU research shows
A survey of more than 18,000 land parcels spanning 2 million square miles across 63 countries shows that a 'protected area' designation reduces the rate of deforestation but does not prevent it.
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Artificial emotional intelligence: a safer, smarter future with 5G and emotion recognition
The combination of new 5G communication technologies with AI-based systems are ushering in a 'smart generation' of vehicles, drones, and even entire cities. Now, researchers take things one step further by introducing a 5G-assisted emotion detection system that uses wireless signals and body movement. In their latest publication, they outline its working principle, application prospects, and poten
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You'll Deeply Regret Not Buying This Premade Emergency Kit Should Disaster Strike
The difference between making it through the worst case scenario reasonably intact and having it ruin your life can come down to one thing: preparedness. That said, being prepared isn't easy as it might seem, and preparing for the worst is one of those things that often gets put off until it's too late. Luckily, with an emergency kit from Judy Kits , it's easier than ever for your household to be
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Fractal Shapes, STI Treatment and Prevention, and Other New Science Books
Recommendations from the editors of Scientific American — Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
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Ugens debat: Skyld, straf og overbefolkning
PLUS. Ingeniørens artikler i sidste uge om overbefolkning som klima- og ressourceproblem fik mange læsere til tasterne på ing.dk. De kom vidt omkring med indlæg om både skyld, straf, told og teknologi.
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Danske mikrofonudviklere vinder teknisk Academy Award
PLUS. I aften modtager DPA Microphones en hæderspris fra Oscar-akademiet for to serier mikrofoner, der ofte benyttes i film. Se med hjemme fra stuen.
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Regeringen vil overvåge Arktis med droner for 750 mio. kr.
PLUS. En ny såkaldt arktisk kapacitetspakke indeholder militært isenkram for 1,5 mia. kr. Et element kan blive to amerikanske Reaper-droner.
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The scientists who lit the path to the Enlightenment
Two books on remarkable 14th-century peasant John Westwyk and Dutch visionary Christiaan Huygens remind us of the dark ages that could still follow
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Protein sequences provide clues to how SARS-CoV-2 infects cells
Researchers have identified sequences in human proteins that might be used by SARS-CoV-2 to infect cells. They have discovered that the virus might hijack certain cellular processes, and they discuss potentially relevant drugs for treating COVID-19.
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Proper fit of face masks is more important than material, study suggests
Researchers studying the effectiveness of different types of face masks have found that in order to provide the best protection against COVID-19, the fit of a mask is as important, or more important, than the material it is made of.
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Tap water access linked to dengue risk
Dengue virus is among growing number of mosquito-borne viruses that have adapted to spread in urban environments and are spreading with the increasing rate of urbanization. Now, researchers have identified tap water access in densely populated neighborhoods as a strong predictor of dengue risk in the city of Delhi.
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Polynesian ancestry linked to obesity, heart failure and diabetes in Native Hawaiians
A new genetic study of Native Hawaiians finds that people who have a greater proportion of Polynesian ancestry in their genomes face a higher risk of obesity, Type-2 diabetes and heart failure.
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Most people are naturally armed against SARS-CoV-2, study finds
The majority of the population can produce neutralizing antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in severe cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), according to a new study. Moreover, the results support the use of combination antibody therapy to prevent and treat COVID-19.
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Mathematical modeling suggests kids half as susceptible to COVID-19 as adults
A new computational analysis suggests that people under the age of 20 are about half as susceptible to COVID-19 infection as adults, and they are less likely to infect others.
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Preventive blood thinning drugs linked to reduced risk of death in COVID-19 patients
Patients given preventive blood thinning drugs (prophylactic anticoagulants) within 24 hours of admission to hospital with COVID-19 are less likely to die compared with those who do not receive them, a new study finds.
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Gene-based blood test for melanoma spread evaluates treatment progress
A test that monitors blood levels of DNA fragments released by dying tumor cells may serve as an accurate early indicator of treatment success in people in late stages of one of the most aggressive forms of skin cancer, a new study finds.
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CDC releases new guidance for US school reopenings
Public health authority recommendations come as Biden pushes to fulfil campaign pledge
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Liquid biopsy for colorectal cancer could guide therapy for tumors
A new study from Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis demonstrates that a liquid biopsy examining blood or urine can help gauge the effectiveness of therapy for colorectal cancer that has just begun to spread beyond the original tumor. Such a biopsy can detect lingering disease and could serve as a guide for deciding whether a patient should undergo further treatments due to some
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Are Climate-Driven Shifts in Bat Diversity to Blame for COVID-19?
A study proposes that habitat for bats—and their accompanying coronaviruses—has increased in southern Asia over the last century, but experts debate the reliability of the analysis.
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Stop Your Hangover Before It Starts With the Plug Anti Hangover Drink
When you're working from home, after work drinks can start early. That's not necessarily a good thing as far as hangovers are concerned. That last glass of wine might seem like a good idea at the time, but it could ruin any chance you have of being productive the next day. A recent survey indicated 83 percent of employees admitted that hangovers have had a negative impact on their work. Of these,
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Coronavirus News Roundup, February 6 – February 12
Pandemic highlights for the week — Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
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See Pigs Master a Joystick Video Game
Directing an object on a screen to a target provided a tasty reward.
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NASA's TESS discovers new worlds in a river of young stars
Using observations from NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), an international team of astronomers has discovered a trio of hot worlds larger than Earth orbiting a much younger version of our Sun called TOI 451. The system resides in the recently discovered Pisces-Eridanus stream, a collection of stars less than 3% the age of our solar system that stretches across one-third of the s
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Dark-skinned teens, females prime targets of acne's psychological fallout
A more aggressive approach to treating acne that marries the disciplines of psychology and dermatology is needed, according to two UC Riverside psychology researchers. They also assert that women and people with darker skin disproportionately suffer from acne's psychological impacts.
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Young planets with teenage sun give space studies a lift
Researchers find a new planetary system made up of at least three neighboring planets, ranging in size between that of Earth and Neptune, that orbit the same sun.
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Star-shaped brain cells may be linked to stuttering
Astrocytes — star-shaped cells in the brain that are actively involved in brain function — may play an important role in stuttering, a study led by a University of California, Riverside, expert on stuttering has found. The study also suggests that treatment with the medication risperidone leads to increased activity of the striatum in persons who stutter.
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
The majority of currently circulating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viruses have mutant spike glycoproteins that contain the D614G substitution. Several studies have suggested that spikes with this substitution are associated with higher virus infectivity. We use cryo-electron microscopy to compare G614 and D614 spikes and show that…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
NEUROSCIENCE, ENGINEERING Correction for "Prediction of Alzheimer's disease-specific phospholipase c gamma-1 SNV by deep learning-based approach for high-throughput screening," by Sung-Hyun Kim, Sumin Yang, Key-Hwan Lim, Euiseng Ko, Hyun-Jun Jang, Mingon Kang, Pann-Ghill Suh, and Jae-Yeol Joo, which first published January 4, 2021; 10.1073/pnas.2011250118 (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 118,…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
The mitochondrial thioredoxin/peroxiredoxin system encompasses NADPH, thioredoxin reductase 2 (TrxR2), thioredoxin 2, and peroxiredoxins 3 and 5 (Prx3 and Prx5) and is crucial to regulate cell redox homeostasis via the efficient catabolism of peroxides (TrxR2 and Trxrd2 refer to the mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase protein and gene, respectively). Here, we report…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Network hubs cease to be influential in the presence of low levels of advertising [Social Sciences]
Attempts to find central "influencers," "opinion leaders," "hubs," "optimal seeds," or other important people who can hasten or slow diffusion or social contagion has long been a major research question in network science. We demonstrate that opinion leadership occurs only under conventional but implausible scope conditions. We demonstrate that a…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Anomalous vortex liquid in charge-ordered cuprate superconductors [Physics]
The interplay between charge order and d-wave superconductivity in high-Tc cuprates remains an open question. While mounting evidence from spectroscopic probes indicates that charge order competes with superconductivity, to date little is known about the impact of charge order on charge transport in the mixed state, when vortices are present….
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
The migratory dynamics of cells in physiological processes, ranging from wound healing to cancer metastasis, rely on contact-mediated cell–cell interactions. These interactions play a key role in shaping the stochastic trajectories of migrating cells. While data-driven physical formalisms for the stochastic migration dynamics of single cells have been developed, such…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Widespread polycistronic gene expression in green algae [Genetics]
Polycistronic gene expression, common in prokaryotes, was thought to be extremely rare in eukaryotes. The development of long-read sequencing of full-length transcript isomers (Iso-Seq) has facilitated a reexamination of that dogma. Using Iso-Seq, we discovered hundreds of examples of polycistronic expression of nuclear genes in two divergent species of green…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Human adult muscle-type acetylcholine receptors are heteropentameric ion channels formed from four different, but evolutionarily related, subunits. These subunits assemble with a precise stoichiometry and arrangement such that two chemically distinct agonist-binding sites are formed between specific subunit pairs. How this subunit complexity evolved and became entrenched is unclear. Here…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Atherosclerosis is characterized by the plaque formation that restricts intraarterial blood flow. The disturbed blood flow with the associated oscillatory stress (OS) at the arterial curvatures and branch points can trigger endothelial activation and is one of the risk factors of atherosclerosis. Many studies reported the mechanotransduction related to OS…
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New class of drug leads to 30% reduced risk of death for bladder cancer patients
A new type of drug that helps target chemotherapy directly to cancer cells has been found to significantly increase survival of patients with the most common form of bladder cancer, according to results from a phase III clinical trial led in the UK by Queen Mary University of London and Barts Health NHS Trust.
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ACC urges COVID-19 vaccine prioritization for highest risk heart disease patients
COVID-19 vaccine prioritization should prioritize those with advanced cardiovascular (CVD) disease over well-managed CVD disease, according to an American College of Cardiology (ACC) health policy statement published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology (JACC).
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'See through soil' could help farmers deal with future droughts
In research that may eventually help crops survive drought, scientists at Princeton University have uncovered a key reason that mixing material called hydrogels with soil has sometimes proven disappointing for farmers.
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Everyone Is at Risk of Identity Theft. But LifeLock Has Your Back.
Ever since the inception of the Internet (and even before), identity theft has become a sadly common occurrence. According to the Insurance Information Institute (III) , about 1 in 15 people will become victims of identity fraud as the result of data breaches, credit card skimming, malware and virus attacks, or even mail theft. Even children aren't spared. According to Javelin Strategy & Research
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What you should know about the Myanmar coup
On February 1st, Myanmar's military launched a coup and seized control of the government, less than a decade after the nation began its transition to democracy. Myanmar's elected leader Aung San Suu Kyi was arrested, and other top figures from the ruling party were detained. Now, an outpouring of citizens has taken to the streets to protest the coup and demand that the civilian government be rest
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Bacterial degradation of the MYC oncogene — a new cancer treatment strategy?
Scientists at Lund University have discovered how E. coli bacteria target and degrade the well-known oncogene MYC, which is involved in many forms of cancer. The study is now published in Nature Biotechnology.
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Science Advances current issue
Organoid microphysiological system preserves pancreatic islet function within 3D matrix
Three-dimensional (3D) multicellular organoids recapitulate the native complexities of human tissue better than traditional cellular monolayers. As organoids are insufficiently supported using standard static culture, microphysiological systems (MPSs) provide a key enabling technology to maintain organoid physiology in vitro. Here, a polydimethylsiloxane-free MPS that enables continuous dynamic c
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Science Advances current issue
Usp11 controls cortical neurogenesis and neuronal migration through Sox11 stabilization
The role of protein stabilization in cortical development remains poorly understood. A recessive mutation in the USP11 gene is found in a rare neurodevelopmental disorder with intellectual disability, but its pathogenicity and molecular mechanism are unknown. Here, we show that mouse Usp11 is expressed highly in embryonic cerebral cortex, and Usp11 deficiency impairs layer 6 neuron production, de
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Science Advances current issue
Early peripheral activity alters nascent subplate circuits in the auditory cortex
Cortical function can be shaped by sensory experience during a critical period. The onset of the critical period is thought to coincide with the onset of thalamocortical transmission to the thalamo-recipient layer 4 (L4). In early development, subplate neurons (SPNs), and not L4 neurons, are the first targets of thalamic afferents. SPNs are transiently involved in early development and are largel
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Science Advances current issue
Circadian rhythms are an integral part of physiology, underscoring their relevance for the treatment of disease. We conducted cell-based high-throughput screening to investigate time-of-day influences on the activity of known antitumor agents and found that many compounds exhibit daily rhythms of cytotoxicity concomitant with previously reported oscillations of target genes. Rhythmic action of HS
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Science Advances current issue
Under pressure: Hydrogel swelling in a granular medium
Hydrogels hold promise in agriculture as reservoirs of water in dry soil, potentially alleviating the burden of irrigation. However, confinement in soil can markedly reduce the ability of hydrogels to absorb water and swell, limiting their widespread adoption. Unfortunately, the underlying reason remains unknown. By directly visualizing the swelling of hydrogels confined in three-dimensional gran
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Science Advances current issue
The gut microbiota fundamentally regulates intestinal homeostasis and disease partially through mechanisms that involve modulation of regulatory T cells (T regs ), yet how the microbiota-T reg cross-talk is physiologically controlled is incompletely defined. Here, we report that prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ), a well-known mediator of inflammation, inhibits mucosal T regs in a manner depending on the
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Science Advances current issue
Optimized gene expression from bacterial chromosome by high-throughput integration and screening
Chromosomal integration of recombinant genes is desirable compared with expression from plasmids due to increased stability, reduced cell-to-cell variability, and elimination of the need for antibiotics for plasmid maintenance. Here, we present a new approach for tuning pathway gene expression levels via random integration and high-throughput screening. We demonstrate multiplexed gene integration
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Science Advances current issue
Hydrogel physical properties are tuned by altering synthesis conditions such as initial polymer concentration and polymer–cross-linker stoichiometric ratios. Traditionally, differences in hydrogel synthesis schemes, such as end-linked poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate hydrogels and cross-linked poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels, limit structural comparison between hydrogels. In this study, we use gene
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Science Advances current issue
We report the 2.4 Ångström resolution structure of the light-harvesting 2 (LH2) complex from Marichromatium ( Mch. ) purpuratum determined by cryogenic electron microscopy. The structure contains a heptameric ring that is unique among all known LH2 structures, explaining the unusual spectroscopic properties of this bacterial antenna complex. We identify two sets of distinct carotenoids in the st
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Science Advances current issue
We present INSIGHT [isothermal NASBA (nucleic acid sequence–based amplification) sequencing–based high-throughput test], a two-stage coronavirus disease 2019 testing strategy, using a barcoded isothermal NASBA reaction. It combines point-of-care diagnosis with next-generation sequencing, aiming to achieve population-scale testing. Stage 1 allows a quick decentralized readout for early isolation o
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Science Advances current issue
Flexible resonant acoustic sensors have attracted substantial attention as an essential component for intuitive human-machine interaction (HMI) in the future voice user interface (VUI). Several researches have been reported by mimicking the basilar membrane but still have dimensional drawback due to limitation of controlling a multifrequency band and broadening resonant spectrum for full-cover ph
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Science Advances current issue
In any complex molecular system, electronic excited states with different spin multiplicities can be described via a simple statistical thermodynamic formalism if the states are in thermal equilibrium. However, this ideal situation has hitherto been infeasible for efficient fluorescent organic molecules. Here, we report a highly emissive metal-free purely organic fluorophore that enables thermal
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Science Advances current issue
Insights into neutralizing antibody responses in individuals exposed to SARS-CoV-2 in Chile
Chile has one of the worst numbers worldwide in terms of SARS-CoV-2 positive cases and COVID-19–related deaths per million inhabitants; thus, characterization of neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses in the general population is critical to understanding of immunity at the local level. Given our inability to perform massive classical neutralization assays due to the scarce availability of BSL-3 f
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Science Advances current issue
Anti-USAG-1 therapy for tooth regeneration through enhanced BMP signaling
Uterine sensitization–associated gene-1 ( USAG-1 ) deficiency leads to enhanced bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling, leading to supernumerary teeth formation. Furthermore, antibodies interfering with binding of USAG-1 to BMP, but not lipoprotein receptor–related protein 5/6 (LRP5/6), accelerate tooth development. Since USAG-1 inhibits Wnt and BMP signals, the essential factors for tooth de
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Developing world struggles to get its share of Covid vaccines
World Health Organization highlights $27bn gap in funding programme
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NIH research funding to support surgeon scientists is rising
Since 2010, National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding to support surgeon scientists has, remarkably, risen significantly while funding to support other non-surgeon physicians has significantly decreased. This growth has occurred despite an overall decrease in NIH funding and an increase in demand for clinical productivity.
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In your quest for true love and that elusive happily ever after, are you waiting for the "right" person to come along, or do you find yourself going for the cutest guy or girl in the room, hoping things will work out? Do you leave your options open, hoping to "trade-up" at the next opportunity, or do you invest in your relationship with an eye on the cost-benefits analysis?
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Older adults with 'prediabetes' seldom get full-blown version
Older adults classified as having "prediabetes" due to moderately elevated measures of blood sugar usually don't go on to develop full-blown diabetes, according to a new study. Doctors still consider prediabetes a useful indicator of future diabetes risk in young and middle-aged adults. However, the study, which followed nearly 3,500 older adults, of median age 76, for about six and a half years,
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Scientists manipulate magnets at the atomic scale
Fast and energy-efficient future data processing technologies are on the horizon after an international team of scientists successfully manipulated magnets at the atomic level.Physicist Dr Rostislav Mikhaylovskiy from Lancaster University said: "With stalling efficiency trends of current technology, new scientific approaches are especially valuable. Our discovery of the atomically-driven ultrafast
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The effects of antidepressant drugs evaluated through the analysis of patients' tweet
Scientists have identified behavioural and linguistic changes in tweets in Spanish published by users suffering from depression and who are taking medication to treat this disease.
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How 'killer' T cells could boost COVID immunity in face of new variants
Nature, Published online: 12 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00367-7 In the race against emerging coronavirus variants, researchers are looking beyond antibodies for clues to lasting protection from COVID-19.
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Science outreach in my mother tongue
Nature, Published online: 12 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00389-1 Ana Teles and Flávia Viana seized on a chance to communicate their passion for science to migrant children who shared their first language.
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Coronapod: Is mixing COVID vaccines a good idea?
Nature, Published online: 12 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00390-8 The science behind how and when to give vaccines doses.
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Retraction Note: Accelerated oral wound healing using a pre-vascularized mucosal cell sheet
Scientific Reports, Published online: 12 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-82919-5
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'Sex, lasers and male competition:' fruit flies win genetic race with rivals
Male fruit flies with the most impressive sexual ornamentation also have super sperm that can outcompete that of rivals in the post-mating fertilization game.
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Study contradicts belief that whales learn songs from one another
A new study by a University at Buffalo researcher is directly contradicting the widely accepted cultural transmission hypothesis suggesting that whales learn their songs from other whales. 'Our findings indicate that neither cultural transmission nor social learning contributes significantly to how humpback whales change their songs over time.', says Eduardo Mercado, a professor of psychology in U
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Best Pre-Workout Supplements for Women – [2021 list]
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Using nature's strategies in the development of new drugs
Dimerization of the human neuropeptides oxytocin and vasopressin can produce new types of bioactive molecules. Such new constructs provide several opportunities to optimize the efficacy of these neuropeptides for therapeutic application. The researchers were inspired for this approach from naturally occurring dimers.
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Metabolism: Light shed on structure of huge enzyme complex
A new method has enabled the natural structure of particularly large and complex enzymes to be revealed. Scientists have investigated a multi-enzyme complex that plays an essential role in metabolism and have discovered that it functions differently than previously thought. This will help scientists better understand certain diseases.
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Study reveals platinum's role in clean fuel conversion
Scientists have uncovered dynamic, atomic-level details of how an important platinum-based catalyst works in the water gas shift reaction. The experiments provide definitive evidence that only certain platinum atoms play an important role in the chemical conversion, and could therefore guide the design of catalysts that use less of this precious metal.
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Solar awnings over parking lots help companies and customers
Engineers look into the untapped potential of parking lots in a study that investigates the energy-related benefits of developing charging stations powered with solar canopies built into the parking infrastructure of large-scale retailers.
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Analysis of largest, most diverse genetic data set released
Researchers published a new analysis from genetic sequencing data of more than 53,000 individuals, primarily from minority populations.
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My friend and colleague John Bishop, who has died aged 85, was a pioneer of molecular cell biology whose career bridged a remarkable era in life sciences – from genes to genetic engineering. Born in Edinburgh, to Mary (nee Oliver) and Robert Bishop, John was raised in the nearby town of Bo'ness, where his father was a shopkeeper. He won a scholarship to attend George Heriot's school in Edinburgh,
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Science | Smithsonian Magazine
This New A.R. App Is the Coolest Way to Learn About Mars
Drive a rover, walk the Martian surface and play robot geologist, all in augmented reality
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Detecting multiple sepsis biomarkers from whole blood – made fast, accurate, and cheap
A multi-disciplinary team at Harvard's Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering and the University of Bath, UK, has further developed the Institute's eRapid technology as an affinity-based, low-cost electrochemical diagnostic sensor platform for the multiplexed detection of clinically relevant biomarkers in whole blood. The device uses a novel graphene nanocomposite-based surface coati
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Fewer older people are having strokes
A new study has found that people age 70 and older are having fewer strokes, and fewer people of all ages are dying from the disease.
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The future of solar technology: New technology makes foldable cells a practical reality
International research team creates solar cells with unprecedented flexibility and resistance.
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Four-fifths of police officers believe character and virtue are central to policing
Polling carried out in January 2021 by Portland Communications on behalf of the University of Birmingham has found that nearly four fifths (79%) of police officers in the UK believe that character and virtues is a central part of police training, in order to carry out their duties.
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Hubble uncovers concentration of small black holes
Astronomers found something they weren't expecting at the heart of the globular cluster NGC 6397: a concentration of smaller black holes lurking there instead of one massive black hole.
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Electric transmission operators could benefit from temperature-dependent resource adequacy modeling
A new paper contributes to these ongoing reliability considerations by using a unique data set to determine how both low and high temperatures reduce the reliability of coal, gas, diesel, hydroelectric, and nuclear power generators and thus affect the amount of generation markets should contract for. The paper, "Resource Adequacy Implications of Temperature-dependent Electric Generator Availabilit
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NIH experts discuss SARS-CoV-2 viral variants
The rise of significant variants of SARS-CoV-2 has attracted the attention of health and science experts worldwide. In an editorial published in JAMA , experts from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases outline how these variants have arisen, concerns about whether vaccines currently authorized for use will continue to protect against new variants, and the need for a global app
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Scientists invent a bioactive coating to improve the function of titanium implants in osteoporotic bones. This coating, comprising a chemically-modified glycan, can sequentially turn on and off inflammation on titanium surface upon implantation. This modulation stimulates the body's immune system to promote bone healing in an effective and safe way, without addition of bone-forming genes or drugs,
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Analyse: Eldrup vil have sat lup på potentielt sammenspist elbilbranche
PLUS. Markedet for offentlig opladning af elbiler lider under, at ladestanderne indtil nu er sat op efter "først-til-mølle"-princippet, lyder det fra Eldrup-kommissionen, som anbefaler, at kommuner stiller større krav for at sikre konkurrencen.
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Hopes evaporate for the superheavy element flerovium having a long life
In quest for stable superheavy elements, focus shifts from atomic number 114 to 120
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Elon Musk tells Joe Rogan he wants the new Tesla Roadster to hover
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Coca-Cola company trials first paper bottle
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All the Coronavirus in the World Could Fit Inside a Coke Can, With Plenty of Room to Spare
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Feeling the heat from employees, Wall Street banks get closer to adopting bitcoin
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Robots are clawing their way into our future | ZDNet
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Stanford engineers combine light and sound to see underwater
"Their "Photoacoustic Airborne Sonar System" could be installed beneath drones to enable aerial underwater surveys and high-resolution mapping of the deep ocean." https://engineering.stanford.edu/magazine/article/stanford-engineers-combine-light-and-sound-see-underwater https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9228880 "To date, PASS has only been tested in the lab in a container the size of a large
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Goddard's Core Flight Software Chosen for NASA's Lunar Gateway
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Nanowire could provide a stable, easy-to-make superconducting transistor
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10 Years Evolution of Boston Dynamics Robots
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AW-Energy entering green hydrogen market with wave energy device
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IBM will build a 1 million qubits Quantum Computer by 2030, and they have a roadmap
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Mastercard to open up network to select cryptocurrencies
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Shell Says Oil Production Will Fall Every Year, Forever
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The price of solar electricity has dropped 89% in 10 years
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Bitcoin consumes 'more electricity than Argentina'
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The Internet has revolutionized our lives—whether in terms of working, finding information or entertainment, connecting with others, or shopping. The online world has made many things easier and opened up previously unimaginable opportunities. At the same time, it presents both individuals and societies with major challenges: The underlying technologies do not necessarily serve users' best interes
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
The epigenetics of life at 12,000 feet
Humans inhabit an incredible range of environments across the globe, from arid deserts to frozen tundra, tropical rainforests, and some of the highest peaks on Earth. Indigenous populations that have lived in these extreme environments for thousands of years have adapted to confront the unique challenges that they present. Approximately 2% of people worldwide live permanently at high altitudes of
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Identifying risk factors for elevated anxiety in young adults during COVID-19 pandemic
A new study has identified early risk factors that predicted heightened anxiety in young adults during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. The findings from the study, supported by the National Institutes of Health and published in the Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , could help predict who is at greatest risk of developing anxiety during stressful life events
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New insight into protein structures that could treat Huntington's disease
In Huntington's disease, a faulty protein aggregates in brain cells and eventually kills them. Such protein aggregates could, in principle, be prevented with a heat shock protein. However, it is not well known how these proteins interact with the Huntington's disease protein. New research by Patrick van der Wel (University of Groningen) and colleagues at the University of Texas has partially resol
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Biodiversity protects bee communities from disease
A new analysis of thousands of native and nonnative Michigan bees shows that the most diverse bee communities have the lowest levels of three common viral pathogens.
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A recipe for regenerating bioengineered hair
Scientists have recently developed ways to grow a variety of useful items in laboratories, from meat and diamonds to retinas and other organoids. A team has been working on ways to regenerate lost hair from stem cells. In an important step, a new study identifies a population of hair follicle stem cells in the skin and a recipe for normal cyclical regeneration in the lab.
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Ny vaccinefabrik skal producere flere millioner doser om måneden
AstraZeneca og IDT Biologika går sammen om at bygge en ny vaccinefabrik i Tyskland, der skal følge efterspørgslen i Europa.
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You've tweeted about your hot new paper! Don't expect many clicks
Scientists rarely follow Tweeted links to new findings, study finds
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Here comes the new generation of climate models: the future of rainfall in the Alps
Learning about the future of extreme events thanks to very high-resolution climate simulations. Understanding how their distribution will change in limited areas at hourly scale. This is frontier research: the new generation of climate models. A study of precipitation in the Alpine region conducted by the CMCC Foundation.
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Flowers of St. John's Wort serve as green catalyst
An interdisciplinary team of scientists from the School of Science at TU Dresden has for the first time used dried flowers of St. John's Wort (genus Hypericum) as an active catalyst in various photochemical reactions. This conceptually new and sustainable process was registered as a German patent and presented in the journal 'Green Chemistry'.
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Study explores neurocognitive basis of bias against people who look different
A new brain-and-behavior study from researchers in the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania clarifies how the "anomalous-is-bad" stereotype manifests, and implicates a brain region called the amygdala as one of the likely mediators of this stereotype.
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Assessing brain capillaries in COVID-19
This case series analyzes brains from autopsies of patients who died of COVID-19 as confirmed by nucleic acid test and with severe pulmonary pathology.
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Variations in sensitivity of serological tests among individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2
This observational study investigated the sensitivity of antibody tests to detect previous SARS-CoV-2 infection using existing clinical data across the University of California Health system.
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Pediatric hospital admissions in 2020 compared with decade before COVID-19
Pediatric admissions to U.S. hospitals decreased last year across an array of pediatric conditions and some may represent unmet needs in pediatric care during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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These findings suggest that treatment with zinc, ascorbic acid or both doesn't affect SARS-CoV-2 symptoms.
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Birds can 'read' the Earth's magnetic signature well enough to get back on course
Birdwatchers get excited when 'rare' migratory birds makes landfall having been blown beyond their normal range. But these are rare for a reason; most birds that have made the journey before are able to correct for large displacements and find their final destination.Now new research shows how birds displaced in this way are able to navigate back to their migratory route and gives us an insight in
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Producing more sustainable hydrogen with composite polymer dots
Hydrogen for energy use can be extracted in an environmentally friendly way from water and sunlight, using photocatalytic composite polymer nanoparticles developed by researchers at Uppsala University. In laboratory tests, these 'polymer dots' showed promising performance and stability alike. The study has been published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society.
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Increasing hurricane intensity around Bermuda linked to rising ocean temperatures
New research shows that hurricane maximum wind speeds in the subtropical Atlantic around Bermuda have more than doubled on average over the last 60 years due to rising ocean temperatures in the region.
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Going the distance–insights into how cancer cells spread
In a study published in Nature Communications , cancer researchers at Kanazawa University identify mechanisms by which malignant tumor cells extend their toxicity to distinct cell types and in turn help them spread.
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Antitumoral effects of LXR activation
Tumor cells are able to avoid the attack of the immune system through several mechanisms. For instance, these can secrete factors that turn macrophages -cells in the immune system- into dual action agents that contribute to the tumor progress and will protect it from immune body defences: these become, thus, the tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs).
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Daily briefing: Mysterious spike in ozone-killing chemicals is over
Nature, Published online: 11 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00402-7 Rogue CFC emissions have halted after scientists raised the alarm. Plus, a WHO team's visit to China has left some questions unanswered and prozac pollution can zombify fish.
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Algorithm that performs as accurately as dermatologists
A study has now been presented that boosts the evidence for using AI solutions in skin cancer diagnostics. With an algorithm they devised themselves, scientists at the University of Gothenburg show the capacity of technology to perform at the same level as dermatologists in assessing the severity of skin melanoma.
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Instant death from heart attack more common in people who do not exercise
An active lifestyle is linked with a lower chance of dying immediately from a heart attack, according to a study published today in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology , a journal of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Heart disease is the leading cause of death globally and prevention is a major public health priority.
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UrFU Mathematician's new methods for solving optimal control problem of objects
Yurii Averboukh, associate professor, Department of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Ural Federal University, senior researcher, Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, published his article "A stability property in mean field type differential games" in the Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications
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Interaction between iodonium and silver cation demonstrated for the first time
An international research team led by Professor Kari Rissanen of the University of Jyvaskyla (Finland) and Professor Antonio Frontera of the University of Balearic Islands (Spain) has demonstrated that positively charged iodine (termed iodonium) is able to favorably interact with a silver cation (Ag+), overcoming the strong electrostatic repulsion. The research was published online in Chem journal
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Scientists identify how harmless gut bacteria "turn bad"
An international team of scientists has determined how harmless E. coli gut bacteria in chickens can easily pick up the genes required to evolve to cause a life-threatening infection. Their study, published in Nature Communications , warns that such infections not only affect the poultry industry but could also potentially cross over to infect humans.
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The online world is driven by the logic of the attention economy: Users' attention is a precious currency, and online environments are designed to capture and steer that attention. How can users respond to these challenges of the digital age and how might the design of the online world be improved? Researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Human Development and the University of Bristol has ad
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Study shows airborne particulate matter is also contaminated with tobacco smoke-driven particulates
After 30 years, Dr Noel Aquilina, alongside world renowned tobacco smoke-related researchers, Emeritus Professor Neal L. Benowitz and Dr Peyton Jacob III from the University of California San Francisco (UCSF), USA and atmospheric chemist and Fellow of the Royal Society, Professor Roy M. Harrison, from the University of Birmingham, UK, ended the wait for the elusive marker!
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Kvinnor i högutbildade heteropar avgör om det blir giftermål eller ej
För kvinnor och män som bor ihop väger oftast bådas önskan att gifta sig lika tungt – men inte i alla par. Kvinnors önskan att gifta sig väger tyngre bland högutbildade par, medan mäns spelar större roll bland lågutbildade par. Det visar en studie i demografi. – Kvinnor och män har ungefär lika mycket att säga till om i frågan om det ska bli giftermål. Det är överlag ett gemensamt beslut vilket j
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Flyselskab vil købe flyvende elektriske taxier til lufthavnstransport
Det amerikansk flyselskab United Airlines vil flyve passagererne over belastede motorveje og til lufthavnene med elektriske taxifly.
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Spanking kids is as bad as abuse for future trauma risk
Spanking is just as bad as adverse experiences like abuse, neglect, and family dysfunction for increasing risk for future trauma in children's lives, a new study shows. The study provides evidence that spanking and adverse childhood experiences, or ACEs—which include measures of physical and emotional abuse , neglect, intimate partner violence, parental mental health problems, parental substance
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New drug shows promise against pancreatic, breast cancers
A new drug shows promise in treating both pancreatic cancer and triple-negative breast cancer, researchers report. A study in Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology found the drug, called ProAgio, prolonged survival in mice with pancreatic cancer. A second study, published in the Journal of Experimental Medicine , shows the drug's effectiveness against triple-negative breast cance
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Researchers have broken the code for cell communication
Knowledge on how cells communicate is an important key to understanding many biological systems and diseases. A research team led by researchers at the University of Gothenburg has now used a unique combination of methods to map the mechanism behind cellular communication. Their findings can potentially improve understanding of the underlying mechanism behind type 2 diabetes.
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Detecting single molecules and diagnosing diseases with a smartphone
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet (LMU) in Munich researchers show that the light emitted by a single molecule can be detected with a low-cost optical setup. Their prototype could facilitate medical diagnostics.
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How comparable different stress tests are
Scientists use many different tests to investigate what happens in the brain in people experiencing stress. It is unclear to what extent the various methods with which subjects are placed under stress are comparable to each other. In a meta-analysis, researchers compared 31 previous studies that had investigated stress using functional magnetic resonance imaging. The team worked out which regions
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In chronic infections, the immune system can become exhausted. Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet (LMU) in Munich researchers have looked into how this works.
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Science | Smithsonian Magazine
The Long, Frustrating Saga of the Mole on Mars
Digging on another planet is harder than it looks
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Spice is nice in many cuisines — but for unexpected reasons
Nature, Published online: 12 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00380-w A huge collection of recipes helps to overturn the idea that spicy food gained popularity for its antimicrobial powers.
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Scientific American (uploads) on YouTube
Swamp Ash Solid Telecaster vs. Hollow Body Gibson With Jim Campilongo
Swamp ash are wetland trees that have thin-walled cells with large gaps between them, creating a low-density wood, making it the material of choice for some of the most famous guitar players in rock and roll. Starting in the 1950s, iconic guitar maker Fender Musical Instruments embraced this type of ash. Bluesman Muddy Waters, rockers Keith Richards of the Rolling Stones and Chrissie Hynde of the
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Changing the connection between the hemispheres affects speech perception
When we listen to speech sounds, our brain needs to combine information from both hemispheres. How does the brain integrate acoustic information from remote areas? In a neuroimaging study, a team of researchers led by the Max Planck Institute of Psycholinguistics, the Donders Institute and the University of Zurich applied electrical stimulation to participants' brains during a listening task. The
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Interaction between iodonium and silver cation was demonstrated for the first time
An international research team led by Professor Kari Rissanen of the University of Jyvaskyla (Finland) and Professor Antonio Frontera of the University of Balearic Islands (Spain) has demonstrated that positively charged iodine (termed iodonium) is able to favorably interact with a silver cation (Ag+), overcoming the strong electrostatic repulsion. The research was published online in Chem -journa
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Applying quantum computing to a particle process
A team of researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) used a quantum computer to successfully simulate an aspect of particle collisions that is typically neglected in high-energy physics experiments, such as those that occur at CERN's Large Hadron Collider.
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New discovery could pave the way for improved treatments for diabetes
Monash University researchers have uncovered the barrier to β-cell (beta cell) regeneration that could pave the way for improved treatments for diabetes and diseases that involve organ and tissue damage.
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New machine learning theory raises questions about nature of science
A novel computer algorithm, or set of rules, that accurately predicts the orbits of planets in the solar system could be adapted to better predict and control the behavior of the plasma that fuels fusion facilities designed to harvest on Earth the fusion energy that powers the sun and stars.
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Mexico's poor have little luck obtaining opioids intended for palliative care
Despite a Mexican government initiative to improve access to prescription opioids among palliative care patients, the country has seen only a marginal increase in dispensing levels, and inequities in dispensing have left many of the nation's poorest residents without comfort in their final days.
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Tecan leads the way on IVDR certification
Tecan has become one of the first companies to meet the requirements of the European Union's In Vitro Diagnostic Regulation (IVDR) 2017/746 (Annex IX, Chapter I and III), successfully completing certification of its IBL International DHEA Saliva ELISA diagnostic assay kit through BSI Notified Body 2797.
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Chemotherapy and hearing loss: Until now, an unquantified risk
Researchers conduct largest-ever study of cisplatin-induced hearing loss in pediatric patients. The study gives oncologists, for the first time, real-world risk benchmarks for hearing loss due to cancer therapy.
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Injectable 'Jello' could release medicine over time
New research could lead to injectable gels that release medicines over time. Injecting patients with a gel that would dissolve over several months could replace the need to administer daily or weekly shots. But to make this possible, researchers first had to create a Jello-like substance that could defy one of the fundamental laws of nature. Gels are formed when polymers mixed into fluids create
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India fears another flash flood from new Himalayan lake
A newly formed Himalayan lake raised fears Friday of another flash flood above a disaster-hit valley in northern India, prompting authorities to conduct helicopter surveys and send a team on a 16-hour climb to investigate.
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Se kortet: Her skal der sættes lyn- og hurtigladere op
Her er eksperternes bud på, hvor i landet der skal sættes lyn- og hurtigladere op til elbilisterne.
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Researchers find parallels in spread of brain cancer in mammals, zebrafish
Virginia Tech scientists have identified a new zebrafish model that could help advance glioblastoma multiforme research. Glioblastoma is an aggressive form of primary brain tumor – fewer than one in 20 patients survive five years after diagnosis.
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PLO opsiger lægevagtsaftalen i Region Sjælland
Med virkning fra 1. september 2021 har PLO valgt at opsige lægevagtsaftalen i Region Sjælland.
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COVID forced Australian fathers to do more at home, but at the same cost mothers have long endured
The COVID-19 pandemic was heralded as an opportunity to restart gender expectations at home. Our research shows Australian fathers have stepped into more participatory roles, but the question remains: will it last?
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The reality of mobile living is often not quite what it seems
Travel might be restricted, but that hasn't stopped a growing community from taking their work, and their home, on the road. Inspired in part by Grey Nomads, these new digital nomads are embracing van life and everything it has to offer.
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Should you mix and match COVID-19 vaccines? Scientists are seeking answers
Scarce vaccine supplies ramp up interest in combining different doses
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Forskning & Framsteg – För dig som är nyfiken på allvar
Sex vågor av inflyttning efter istiden
De senaste tio åren har genforskare ritat om kartan över hur Norden befolkades efter den senaste istiden. Men det är bara en del av sanningen – arkeologiska fynd ger en mer komplex bild.
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Ny afgift på computere og smartphones sikrer kulturlivet 93 millioner
PLUS. Selvom et udvalg under Kulturministeriet tidligere har vurderet, at lovlig privatkopiering er for nedadgående, har et flertal i Folketinget aftalt at indføre en ny blankmedieafgift på smartphones, computere og tablets fra næste år.
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Grasshoppers and roadblocks: Coping with COVID-19 in rural Mexico
On the outskirts of some small Indigenous communities in the Mexican state of Oaxaca, a few volunteer guards keep watch along roads blocked by makeshift barricades of chains, stones and wood.The invader they are trying to stop is COVID-19.For many of Mexico's Indigenous people, poor and ignored by state and federal governments, the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic is one that rests primarily wi
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
Defeating the enemy within: How evolution helps clone fish with their genetic burden
According to scientific theories, clonal vertebrates actually have a harder time succeeding than species that reproduce sexually. One natural clone is the Amazon molly. A research team led by the Biozentrum of the University of Würzburg with the Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) has shown that over hundreds of thousands of years, this small fish has found a way to
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Defeating the enemy within: How evolution helps clone fish with their genetic burden
According to scientific theories, clonal vertebrates actually have a harder time succeeding than species that reproduce sexually. One natural clone is the Amazon molly. A research team led by the Biozentrum of the University of Würzburg with the Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) has shown that over hundreds of thousands of years, this small fish has found a way to
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Elastomers develop stronger bonds of attachment
Elastomers are the soft, elastic materials, like gels and rubbers, that are found in automobile and airplane parts, in sports equipment, and are used to protect precision machinery and buildings against vibrations. Scientists now want to make them thinner and tougher, without losing elasticity. Nagoya University materials engineer Yukikazu Takeoka and colleagues reviewed the most recent efforts to
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Socializing in the time of COVID
If working practices and education have been compromised by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, then so too, obviously, have our social lives. The limitations of lockdowns and keeping apart to reduce the risk of catching or passing on the virus have been at the forefront of our minds for many months now. The usual places we might gather such as pubs and restaurants, theaters and festivals have all been
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Tech firms need Black AI scholars and labour rights
Nature, Published online: 12 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00407-2
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Nyheder – Forskning – Videnskab
Få 'eliteforskere' dominerer i stigende grad forskningslitteraturen
En lille international elite af forskere bliver stadigt mere citeret i videnskabelige tidsskrifter, viser…
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Metabolic response behind reduced cancer cell growth
Researchers from Uppsala University show in a new study that inhibition of the protein EZH2 can reduce the growth of cancer cells in the blood cancer multiple myeloma. The reduction is caused by changes in the cancer cells' metabolism. These changes can be used as markers to discriminate whether a patient would respond to treatment by EZH2 inhibition. The study has been published in the journal Ce
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Lægeforeningen skal have ny direktør
Bente Hyldahl Fogh fratræder sin stilling som adm. direktør i Lægeforeningen. Ny direktør konstitueret.
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Regeringskommission: Der skal åbnes for tilskud til ladestandere på offentlige veje
PLUS. Eldrup-kommissionen konstaterer – som Ingeniøren har afdækket – at der er 'særlige udfordringer' for elbilejere, der bor i etageejendomme eller lignende med fælles parkeringsplads.
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Humans push a hulking fish with a chainsaw nose towards oblivion
Nature, Published online: 12 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00381-9 The strange-looking sawfish, itself a predator, falls prey to overfishing and habitat destruction.
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Risk att tångbälten slits sönder när havet försuras
En försurad havsmiljö kan göra att alger och tång växer snabbare. Men den snabba tillväxten riskerar att få allvarliga följder. Tången blir större till yta men inte till vikt, och går lättare sönder. Klimatförändringarna leder till att koldioxidhalten i havet ökar och att pH sjunker. Havsvattnet blir surare. Det finns studier som pekar på att havsförsurningen kan ha positiva effekter på alger och
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Hypothermic machine perfusion before viability testing of previously discarded human livers
Nature Communications, Published online: 12 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21182-8
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 12 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21183-7
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Reply to 'Sulfisoxazole does not inhibit the secretion of small extracellular vesicles'
Nature Communications, Published online: 12 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21075-w
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Towards plant resistance to viruses using protein-only RNase P
Nature Communications, Published online: 12 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21338-6 New approaches to plant disease control are important for pathogens that are difficult to control by existing methods. Here, the authors report a potential strategy to combat plant viruses by cytosolic expressed protein-only RNase P and show its ability for in vitro cleavage of tRNA-like structures existing
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Sulfisoxazole does not inhibit the secretion of small extracellular vesicles
Nature Communications, Published online: 12 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21074-x
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Three-component radical homo Mannich reaction
Nature Communications, Published online: 12 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21303-3 Due to the ionic nature of its mechanism, the Mannich reaction can only use non-enolizable aldehydes as substrates. Here, the authors expand the scope of the classical Mannich reaction to enolizable aldehydes by employing a radical process resulting in a streamlined synthesis of γ-amino-carbonyl compounds.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 12 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21162-y Colibactin-producing pks+ Escherichia coli are frequent constituents of the human intestinal microbiota. Here, the authors show that short exposure of cells to pks+ E. coli induces chromosomal aberrations, genomic instability, and multiple features of transformation reminiscent of colorectal cancer.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Functional and versatile superhydrophobic coatings via stoichiometric silanization
Nature Communications, Published online: 12 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21219-y Artificial superhydrophobic coatings that are simple to prepare and practical to use are sought after. Here, the authors create versatile, complete-waterproof coatings based on a single-step, stoichiometrically controlled reaction of organosilanes with water.
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Motion correction for routine X-ray lung CT imaging
Scientific Reports, Published online: 12 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83403-w
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 12 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83276-z
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
A new heterotropic vascularized model of total urinary bladder transplantation in a rat model
Scientific Reports, Published online: 12 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83128-w
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Global exposure to flooding from the new CMIP6 climate model projections
Scientific Reports, Published online: 12 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83279-w
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 12 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-82784-2
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Evaluation of the usefulness of saliva for mosaic loss of chromosome Y analysis
Scientific Reports, Published online: 12 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83308-8
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Laser-induced layers peeling of sputtering coatings at 1064 nm wavelength
Scientific Reports, Published online: 12 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-020-80304-2 Laser-induced layers peeling of sputtering coatings at 1064 nm wavelength
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 12 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83233-w
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Study reveals mutations that drive therapy-related myeloid neoplasms in children
Research from scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found mutations up to two years before cancer developed, showing an opportunity for early interventions.
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Lemurs show there's no single formula for lasting love
Humans aren't the only mammals that form long-term bonds with a single, special mate — some lemurs and other animals do, too. Duke researchers are mapping the hormone receptors that underlie these primates' ability to pair up for the long haul. Their findings suggest the brain circuitry that makes love last in some species may not be the same in others.
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Så spinner man starkare spindeltråd än spindlarna själva
Spindeltråd är den starkaste fiber vi känner till, men det går att tillverka konstgjord spindeltråd som är ännu starkare, menar forskare. Med hjälp av grundläggande kunskaper om cellbiologi och proteinveckning. Konstgjorda spindeltrådsfibrer i industriell skala har varit ett stort mål inom materialvetenskap under århundraden. För några år sedan gjorde ett forskarlag vid Karolinska Institutet och
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Overlæge om senfølger efter COVID-19: »Vi skal være villige til at tage fejl og rette ind«
Regionernes nyetablerede COVID-19-senfølgeklinikker har endnu kun et spinkelt fagligt grundlag at arbejde ud fra. Derfor må man tilrettelægge behandlingstilbuddene efter bedste evne og justere og rette ind undervejs, mener overlæger.
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Ozonlagret hotat av nya utsläpp
På 1980-talet började ozonlagret, som skyddar jorden mot farlig UV-strålning, tunnas ut på grund av freon-utsläpp. När freonerna fasades ut växte ozonskiktet till sig. Forskare befarar nu att lustgas kan vidga ozonhålet igen. Hösten 2020 var ozonhålet över Antarktis större än på länge. Och på våren varnade SMHI för ett rekordtunt ozonlager även över norra Sverige. Vad hade hänt? I maj 2018 upptäc
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Stor udredningsopgave venter for almen praksis
I almen praksis forbereder man sig på at blive ramt af en tredje bølge af patienter, der lider af senfølger efter COVID-19. Det bliver især en stor udredningsopgave, forventer næstformand i DSAM.
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Senfølger eller eftervirkninger? Praktiserende læger vil gøre op med urovækkende retorik
Det er ikke ligegyldigt, hvad man kalder symptomer efter COVID-19. Ifølge to praktiserende læger sender ordet 'senfølger' et helt forkert signal, fordi det antyder, at der er tale om en kronisk tilstand. De mener, at betegnelsen 'eftervirkninger' er mere præcis. Ekspert er enig.
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DTU-professor: Spildevandsovervågning af corona rejser et etisk spørgsmål
PLUS. Professor ved DTU Fødevareinstituttet peger på, at hvis man med spildevandstest begynder at nærme sig den enkelte bygning eller lejlighed, er der ikke stor forskel på det og at påtvinge folk en coronatest.
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PODCAST: Hvad skal vi bruge gasnettet til i fremtiden?
Hvad stiller vi op med 19.000 kilometer gasledning, når Nordsøfelterne lukker, og forbruget ventes at falde? Det kan du høre om i ugens Transformator, hvor vi også ser nærmere på danmarkshistoriens dyreste anlægsprojekt, Femern-forbindelsen, der nu officielt er sat i gang.
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Insulin kan opbevares udenfor køleskabet
Insulin mister ikke sin virkning, hvis det opbevares ved op til 37 grader i en måned, viser ny forskning.
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AI udtænker matematiske formodninger
PLUS. For 100 år siden havde en indisk matematiker en unik evne til nærmest at ryste matematiske formler ud af ærmet. Nu gør kunstig intelligens ham kunsten efter.
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Skärmspel, psykisk ohälsa och beroende
Låg ålder, antalet timmar på internet/sociala medier, upplevelse av ensamhet och tankar på att söka behandling för psykisk ohälsa. Alla är de förknippade med problemspelande över internet. Det visar en studie som forskare vid Lunds universitet nyligen publicerat och som inkluderar alla typer av skärmspel.
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Australian Open to continue as snap lockdown imposed on Melbourne
Authorities defend decision to hold tennis tournament during pandemic despite new variant outbreak
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Reminder: You have the strength you need inside you
submitted by /u/SundayDiscovery [link] [comments]
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have similar takes on cognition — analogy and metaphor are arguably very similar. However, their positions differ as well (e.g. Lakoff criticizes what he calls the "abstraction" and "homonymy" positions but I think Hofstadter would agree with them). What do you think are other important differences? And what is your take on them? submitted by /u/zapffe_fanclub [link] [comments]
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Reinforcement Learning in Psychology
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Drone-based photogrammetry: A reliable and low-cost method for estimating plant biomass
Remote sensing technology has become an increasingly common tool used to measure plant productivity without the need for costly and time-consuming field-based measurements. However, the equipment typically used to remotely measure vegetation has remained prohibitively expensive. Here, researchers used a low-cost drone and camera to create a photomosaic of a tallgrass ecosystem. By comparing their
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New synthetic peptides could attenuate atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis, a lipid-triggered chronic inflammatory disease of our arteries, is the main cause of strokes and heart attacks. An international team of researchers led by the Technical University of Munich (TUM) and the LMU University Hospital has developed novel synthetic peptides that can help to prevent atherosclerosis in vitro, that is in the test tube, as well as in animal models.
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Research highlights ways to protect astronaut cardiovascular health from space radiation
In the inky blackness of space an invisible threat is ever present – radiation. It can have a huge array of negative effects on astronaut health, including cardiovascular disease. However, if we are ever to journey to the red planet, we will need to understand and reduce this risk. A new review charts a course through what we know about the cardiovascular risks of space radiation, and the best way
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Fald kan forebygges i højere grad
Langt flere ældre bør udredes for fald, allerede når de første symptomer viser sig, hvis man skal undgå de alvorlige konsekvenser for særligt osteoporosepatienter. Den gode nyhed er, at vi kan gøre langt mere for at forebygge fald, siger specialeansvarlig overlæge i geriatri.
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As animals with brains, we are challenged to make sense of a world full of rich sensory experience. There is a world created inside of our brains that we may see, hear, touch, taste, or smell. Built out of our senses, humans possess an innate ability to extract patterns and other meaningful features from the […]
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If your fingers could taste, smell and touch: chemotactile sensation in the octopus
Like most folks living alone during quarantine, I've picked up quite a few new hobbies. My favorite of these hobbies, by far, has been learning to play the ukulele. I've never played an instrument before, but the thing I've found most challenging is getting one of my hands to move through chords while making the other hand strum to a specific beat. There have been many times after missing that E
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Two recent studies find no links between prescription opioids or macrolide antibiotics taken during pregnancy and risk of major birth defects.
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Bagsiden: Vidundermaterialet aluminium
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Bagsiden: Fyrpasserens tunge lod
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Bagsiden: Den gådefulde tommestok
Ejvind Johansen har arvet en gammel tommestok og vil gerne vide, hvad den har målt. Måske I kan hjælpe?
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Bagsiden: Femerntunnel bliver en sværvægter
Læser advarer: Tunnelprojektet vil lægge beslag på en tredjedel af verdens betonproduktion.
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Women better at reading minds than men – new study
Psychologists at the University of Bath, Cardiff, and London have developed the first ever 'mind-reading questionnaire' to assess how well people understand what others are really thinking.
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Finding the best targets to improve crop yield by following CO2 journey inside the leaf
A team of scientists have measured the relative importance of the different obstacles that carbon dioxide (CO2) encounters in its voyage from the atmosphere to the interior of plant cells, where it is converted into sugars. This research leading method provides much needed information that will help to increase the yield of important food crops such as cowpea, soybean and cassava.
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Prediabetes may be linked to worse brain health
For the study, published in the journal Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism , researchers analysed data from the UK Biobank of 500,000 people aged 58 years on average, and found that people with higher than normal blood sugar levels were 42% more likely to experience cognitive decline over an average of four years, and were 54% more likely to develop vascular dementia over an average of eight years (
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Routine blood tests could be key to stopping the silent killer of liver disease
New research has shown that results of blood tests routinely performed by GPs everywhere contain a hidden fingerprint that can identify people silently developing potentially fatal liver cirrhosis. The researchers have developed an algorithm to detect this fingerprint that could be freely installed on any clinical computer, making this a low-cost way for GPs to carry out large scale screening usin
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England's Stonehenge was erected in Wales first
Stones of iconic monument were arranged in a circle in Wales centuries before they were moved west
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New study gives hope of eliminating mother-to-baby transmission of HIV
Anti-retroviral drugs are a vital tool in the prevention and treatment of HIV. A new study of pregnant women in Tanzania shows that life-long antiviral treatment also seems to prevent viral transmission from mother to baby. The results of the study, which was conducted in part by researchers at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden and published in Lancet HIV , make a promising contribution to the WHO's
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A new modelling study published in Anaesthesia (a journal of the Association of Anaesthetists) shows that the UK's coronavirus vaccination program is already reducing daily deaths. However, reductions of hospital and intensive care (ICU) admissions will likely take several weeks longer, with large reductions seen by the end of March and continuing into April.
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This COVID-vaccine designer is tackling vaccine hesitancy — in churches and on Twitter
Nature, Published online: 11 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00338-y Immunologist Kizzmekia Corbett helped to design the Moderna vaccine. Now she volunteers her time talking about vaccine science with people of colour.
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Discovery (uploads) on YouTube
Race Replay: Monza vs. Ryan | Street Outlaws
Stream Full Episodes of Street Outlaws: https://discovery.com/tv-shows/street-outlaws/ Subscribe to Discovery: http://bit.ly/SubscribeDiscovery Follow Us on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@Discovery Join us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Discovery https://www.facebook.com/StreetOutlaws Follow on Twitter: https://twitter.com/Discovery https://twitter.com/StreetOutlaws We're on Instagram! ht
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Tuning the circadian clock, boosting rhythms may be key to future treatments and medicines
Subconsciously, our bodies keep time for us through an ancient means – the circadian clock. A new University of California, Irvine-led article reviews how the clock controls various aspects of homeostasis, and how organs coordinate their function over the course of a day.
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STING activation reduces graft-versus-host disease in a mouse model
MUSC Hollings Cancer Center researcher Yongxia Wu, Ph.D., identified a new target molecule in the fight against graft-versus-host disease.
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Learn what you live? Study finds watching others can reduce decision bias
New research finds first evidence that watching and learning from others can help reduce bias and improve decision-making. In business, the results could help improve hiring practices or increase cost savings.
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UMass Amherst team helps demonstrate spontaneous quantum error correction
Published by the journal Nature, research co-authored by University of Massachusetts Amherst physicist Chen Wang, graduate students Jeffrey Gertler and Shruti Shirol, and postdoctoral researcher Juliang Li takes a step toward building a fault-tolerant quantum computer. They have realized a novel type of QEC where the quantum errors are spontaneously corrected.
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Multi-model approach could help farmers prepare for, contain PEDV outbreaks
Researchers used a three-model approach to trace the between-farm spread of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), as well as to analyze the efficacy of different control strategies in these scenarios.
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This Thermal Camera Attachment Gives Any Smartphone Predator-Like "Heat-Vision"
Many of us take it for granted that our smartphones can do just about anything . But even in the age of augmented reality, there's a whole universe around you that you can't be privy to with a standard smartphone. But with a FLIR ONE or FLIR ONE Pro attachment, you can turn your phone into a thermal camera and unlock the power of thermal imaging and its myriad practical applications. A FLIR ONE t
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U.S. cities segregated not just by where people live, but where they travel daily
One thing that decades of social science research has made abundantly clear? Americans in urban areas live in neighborhoods deeply segregated by race—and they always have.
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Volatile temperatures flatten a country's shot at prosperity
Nature, Published online: 11 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00376-6 It's not just the heat: temperature fluctuations also threaten a region's hopes for greater wealth.
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Brain activity can reveal the severity of autistic traits
A team of researchers from Russia and Israel applied a new algorithm to classify the severity of autistic personality traits by studying subjects' brain activity. The article 'Brief Report: Classification of Autistic Traits According to Brain Activity Recoded by fNIRS Using ε-Complexity Coefficients' is published in the Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders.
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Spinal fluid of people with Alzheimer's risk gene signals inflammation
People who have a gene variant associated with an increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease also tend to have changes in the fluid around their brain and spinal cord that are detectable years before symptoms arise, according to new research from Duke Health.
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For some 15,000 years, dogs have been our hunting partners, workmates, helpers and companions. Could they also be our next allies in the fight against COVID-19?
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The songs of fin whales offer new avenue for seismic studies of the oceanic crust
The songs of fin whales can be used for seismic imaging of the oceanic crust, providing scientists a novel alternative to conventional surveying.
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World's largest COVID-19 drug trial identifies second compound that cuts risk of death
Tocilizumab, antibody also used for rheumatoid arthritis, saves patients' lives by dampening the immune system
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Stresshormon i hårstrån varnar för hjärtinfarkt
Forskare har mätt skillnader på nivåerna av stresshormonet kortisol på personer som fått hjärtinfarkt, och de som inte fått det. Fynden tyder på att långvarig stress är en riskfaktor. – Vi behöver ta folks stress på allvar, säger Tomas Faresjö, professor vid Institutionen för hälsa, medicin och vård, Linköpings universitet. Kan stress leda till hjärtinfarkt? Många skulle nog svara ja, men det vet
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Implant improves balance, movement and quality of life for people with inner ear disorder
Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers have shown that they can facilitate walking, relieve dizziness and improve quality of life in patients with BVH by surgically implanting a stimulator that electrically bypasses malfunctioning areas of the inner ear and partially restores the sensation of balance.
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A new quantum switch for electronics
A Russian physicist and his international colleagues studied a quantum point contact (QCP) between two conductors with external oscillating fields applied to the contact. They found that, for some types of contacts, an increase in the oscillation frequency above a critical value reduced the current to zero – a promising mechanism that can help create nanoelectronics components.
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New insights to past ecosystems are now available based on pollen and plant traits
Researchers have mined and combined information from two databases to link pollen and key plant traits to generate confidence in the ability to reconstruct past ecosystem services.
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Facts on the ground: How microplastics in the soil contribute to environmental pollution
Plastic is a major threat to the environment. Of particular ecological risk is its manifestation as microplastics (<5 mm in size) in the agricultural environment. Scientists from Korea addressed this issue in their latest study, looking into the levels, shapes, and sizes of microplastics in Korean agricultural soils. They reported new insights on the agricultural sources of microplastics, contribu
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
New insights to past ecosystems are now available based on pollen and plant traits
Researchers have mined and combined information from two databases to link pollen and key plant traits to generate confidence in the ability to reconstruct past ecosystem services.
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A new perceptually-consistent method for MSI visualization
Skoltech scientists have proposed a Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MSI) method leveraging the unique features of human vision
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Want to hire more women? Expand your short list
As more male-dominated industries look for ways to hire women, new Cornell University research offers employers a simple solution — make your initial job candidate short list longer.
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US cities segregated not just by where people live, but where they travel daily
An analysis of 133 million tweets found that city-dwellers stay racially segregated as they eat, drink, shop, socialize and travel each day, demonstrating even deeper segregation than previously understood.
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A language learning system that pays attention — more efficiently than ever before
A hardware and software system called SpAtten streamlines state-of-the-art natural language processing. The advance could reduce the computing power, energy, and time required for text analysis and generation.
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How the 3-D structure of eye-lens proteins is formed
Chemical bonds within the eye-lens protein gamma-B crystallin hold the protein together and are therefore important for the function of the protein within the lens. Contrary to previous assumptions, some of these bonds, called disulphide bridges, are already formed simultaneously with the synthesis of the protein in the cell.
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Forage fish for cod and people [Ecology]
Ecosystem-based fishery management (EBFM), which is now widely accepted (1–3), calls for consideration of ecological linkages between marine species when regulating harvest levels. However, whether and how to alter harvest rates and minimum biomass limits (relative to conventional single-species approaches) to protect ecosystem integrity is less settled. For forage fish…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Staphylococcus aureus causes invasive infections and easily acquires antibiotic resistance. Even antibiotic-susceptible S. aureus can survive antibiotic therapy and persist, requiring prolonged treatment and surgical interventions. These so-called persisters display an arrested-growth phenotype, tolerate high antibiotic concentrations, and are associated with chronic and recurrent infections. To c
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
In mammals with frontal eyes, optic-nerve fibers from nasal retina project to the contralateral hemisphere of the brain, and fibers from temporal retina project ipsilaterally. The division between crossed and uncrossed projections occurs at or near the vertical meridian. If the division was precise, a problem would arise. Small objects…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
P27, a cell cycle inhibitor, is also able to drive repression of Sox2. This interaction plays a crucial role during development of p27−/− pituitary tumors because loss of one copy of Sox2 impairs tumorigenesis [H. Li et al., Cell Stem Cell 11, 845–852 (2012)]. However, SOX2 is expressed in both…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Chemokine-biased robust self-organizing polarization of migrating cells in vivo [Cell Biology]
To study the mechanisms controlling front-rear polarity in migrating cells, we used zebrafish primordial germ cells (PGCs) as an in vivo model. We find that polarity of bleb-driven migrating cells can be initiated at the cell front, as manifested by actin accumulation at the future leading edge and myosin-dependent retrograde…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Life in silico: Are we close yet? [Biophysics and Computational Biology]
In his 1944 book What is Life? (1), Erwin Schrödinger asked, "How can the events in space and time which take place within the spatial boundary of a living organism be accounted by physics and chemistry?" In nearly 80 y that have followed, we have learned a great deal about…
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Researchers find delirium in hospitalized patients linked to mortality, disability
Delirium, a form of acute brain dysfunction, is widespread in critically ill patients in lower resourced hospitals, and the duration of delirium predicted both mortality and disability at six months after discharge, according to a study published in PLOS ONE .
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Risk factors associated with COVID-19 ICU admission or death in Argentina
A nationwide analysis of data from the first 6 months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina has identified factors associated with increased risk of death or admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) due to the disease, including older age, male sex, coma, seizures, and underlying comorbidities. Daniel Schoenfeld of Centro Diagnostico San Jorge in Puerto Madryn, Argentina, and colleagues present t
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A team of researchers at Carnegie Mellon University found people are more successful at identifying language associated with Republican speech than Democratic speech patterns. The results are available in the February issue of the journal PLOS.
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Neandertal genes alter neurodevelopment in modern human brain organoids
Building modern human brain organoids with the Neanderthal variant of a gene has provided a glimpse into the way substitutions in this gene impacted our species' evolution.
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No new mountains formed during Earth's middle age, halting life's evolution for an eon
During the Proterozoic, Earth grew no taller – the tectonic processes that form mountains stalled, leaving continents devoid of high mountains for nearly 1 billion years, according to a new study.
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Seismic surveys using fin whale songs
Fin whale song – one of the strongest animal calls in the ocean – can be used as a seismic source for probing the structure of Earth's crust at the seafloor, researchers report.
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Big data reveal threats to minorities policed by white and male officers
Using a dataset on daily patrols and enforcement activities of officers in the Chicago Police Department (CPD) – an agency that has undergone substantial diversification in recent decades – researchers report Black officers used force less often than white officers during the three-year period studied, and women used force less often than men.
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Diversity in policing can improve police-civilian interactions
Black and Hispanic officers make far fewer stops and arrests and use less force than white officers, especially against Black civilians, when facing otherwise common circumstances. Hispanic officers also engage in less enforcement activity. Female officers of all races also use less force than males.
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Illicit centipede spurs taxonomy journal debate
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Reversing extinction in China's Pere David's deer
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A marine biodiversity plan for China and beyond
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Worst climate outcomes are still possible
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Sounds from a Paleolithic seashell horn
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A boring billion for mountains
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Fighting zoonotic coronaviruses
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A P catalyst for stereogenic P(III)
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An "Ama"-zing antibody-drug conjugate
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Health effects of microplastics
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Regulating multiple body clocks
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A double punch against SARS-CoV-2
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Brain organoids with Neanderthal genes
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The cells of songbird motor circuits
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Early assembly of a galaxy disk and bulge
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Ordering up better conductivity
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Extraskeletal bones in the closet
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Size, shape, and diversity in phytoplankton
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Brain disease and network reorganization
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Elucidating synapse loss in MS
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A close look into a very thin magnet
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Catalytic asymmetric and stereodivergent oligonucleotide synthesis
We report the catalytic stereocontrolled synthesis of dinucleotides. We have demonstrated, for the first time to our knowledge, that chiral phosphoric acid (CPA) catalysts control the formation of stereogenic phosphorous centers during phosphoramidite transfer. Unprecedented levels of diastereodivergence have also been demonstrated, enabling access to either phosphite diastereomer. Two different
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A massive stellar bulge in a regularly rotating galaxy 1.2 billion years after the Big Bang
Cosmological models predict that galaxies forming in the early Universe experience a chaotic phase of gas accretion and star formation, followed by gas ejection due to feedback processes. Galaxy bulges may assemble later via mergers or internal evolution. Here we present submillimeter observations (with spatial resolution of 700 parsecs) of ALESS 073.1, a starburst galaxy at redshift when the Uni
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Two-dimensional superconductivity and anisotropic transport at KTaO3 (111) interfaces
The distinctive electronic structure found at interfaces between materials can allow unconventional quantum states to emerge. Here we report on the discovery of superconductivity in electron gases formed at interfaces between (111)-oriented KTaO 3 and insulating overlayers of either EuO or LaAlO 3 . The superconducting transition temperature, as high as 2.2 kelvin, is about one order of magnitude
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Enhanced atomic ordering leads to high thermoelectric performance in AgSbTe2
High thermoelectric performance is generally achieved through either electronic structure modulations or phonon scattering enhancements, which often counteract each other. A leap in performance requires innovative strategies that simultaneously optimize electronic and phonon transports. We demonstrate high thermoelectric performance with a near room-temperature figure of merit, ZT ~ 1.5, and a ma
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Network-based screen in iPSC-derived cells reveals therapeutic candidate for heart valve disease
Mapping the gene-regulatory networks dysregulated in human disease would allow the design of network-correcting therapies that treat the core disease mechanism. However, small molecules are traditionally screened for their effects on one to several outputs at most, biasing discovery and limiting the likelihood of true disease-modifying drug candidates. Here, we developed a machine-learning approa
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Orogenic quiescence in Earths middle age
Mountain belts modulate denudation flux and hydrologic processes and are thus fundamental to nutrient cycling on Earth's surface. We used europium anomalies in detrital zircons to track mountain-building processes over Earth's history. We show that the average thickness of active continental crust varied on billion-year time scales, with the thickest crust formed in the Archean and Phanerozoic. B
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Mosaic nanoparticles elicit cross-reactive immune responses to zoonotic coronaviruses in mice
Protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and SARS-related emergent zoonotic coronaviruses is urgently needed. We made homotypic nanoparticles displaying the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 or co-displaying SARS-CoV-2 RBD along with RBDs from animal betacoronaviruses that represent threats to humans (mosaic nanoparticles with four to eight distinc
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Comment on "Structural evidence for a dynamic metallocofactor during N2 reduction by Mo-nitrogenase"
Kang et al . (Reports, 19 June 2020, p. 1381) report a structure of the nitrogenase MoFe protein that is interpreted to indicate binding of N 2 or an N 2 -derived species to the active-site FeMo cofactor. Independent refinement of the structure and consideration of biochemical evidence do not support this claim.
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Peters et al . comment on our report of the dynamic structure of the nitrogenase metallocofactor during N 2 reduction. Their claim that their independent structural refinement and consideration of biochemical data contradict our finding is incorrect and is strongly refuted by our biochemical and structural data that collectively and conclusively point to the binding of dinitrogen species to the n
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Cellular transcriptomics reveals evolutionary identities of songbird vocal circuits
Birds display advanced behaviors, including vocal learning and problem-solving, yet lack a layered neocortex, a structure associated with complex behavior in mammals. To determine whether these behavioral similarities result from shared or distinct neural circuits, we used single-cell RNA sequencing to characterize the neuronal repertoire of the songbird song motor pathway. Glutamatergic vocal ne
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Germanium nanospheres for ultraresolution picotensiometry of kinesin motors
Kinesin motors are essential for the transport of cellular cargo along microtubules. How the motors step, detach, and cooperate with each other is still unclear. To dissect the molecular motion of kinesin-1, we developed germanium nanospheres as ultraresolution optical trapping probes. We found that single motors took 4-nanometer center-of-mass steps. Furthermore, kinesin-1 never detached from mi
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Bring Your Home Workout Routine Into the 21st Century With a VR Fitness Studio
Under normal circumstances, the first few months of the year is a boom time for gyms. Everybody's making new year's resolutions and vowing to stay fit and exercise regularly , and gyms are usually packed as a result. But thanks to the pandemic, a lot of people are foregoing gyms and struggling to find a home workout routine that meets their needs — which brings us to the Tempo Studio . The Tempo
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Sounds from a Paleolithic seashell horn
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A boring billion for mountains
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Fighting zoonotic coronaviruses
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A P catalyst for stereogenic P(III)
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An "Ama"-zing antibody-drug conjugate
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Health effects of microplastics
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Regulating multiple body clocks
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A double punch against SARS-CoV-2
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Brain organoids with Neanderthal genes
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The cells of songbird motor circuits
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Early assembly of a galaxy disk and bulge
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Ordering up better conductivity
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Extraskeletal bones in the closet
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Pay gap widens between female and male scientists in North America
Nature, Published online: 11 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00387-3 Permanent positions in US and Canadian industry and academia pay men higher wages than women.
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Neanderthal-like 'mini-brains' created in lab with CRISPR
Nature, Published online: 11 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00388-2 Organoids that contain an ancient version of a gene that influences brain development are smaller and bumpier than those with human genes.
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New mathematical method for generating random connected networks
Many natural and human-made networks, such as computer, biological or social networks have a connectivity structure that critically shapes their behavior. The academic field of network science is concerned with analyzing such real-world complex networks and understanding how their structure influences their function or behavior. Examples are the vascular network of our bodies, the network of neuro
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Young and restless, old and focused: Age-differences in mind-wandering
Research suggests that adults can be more focused, less impeded by anxiety and less mentally restless than younger adults, providing new insight into the influence of the natural ageing process on mind-wandering.
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Why overfishing leads to smaller cod
Overfishing, hunting and intensive agriculture and forestry can sometimes contribute to plants and animals becoming endangered. New research can now show why this leads to entire populations becoming smaller in size, as well as reproducing earlier.
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The science of siestas: New research reveals the genetic basis for daytime napping
Researchers identified 123 regions in the human genome that are associated with daytime napping and three distinct mechanisms that promote napping. Many napping-related genes also regulate other aspects of sleep.
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New improved dog reference genome will aid a new generation of investigation
Researchers have used new methods for DNA sequencing and annotation to build a new, and more complete, dog reference genome. This tool will serve as the foundation for a new era of research, helping scientists to better understand the link between DNA and disease, in dogs and in their human friends.
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The race to treat a rare, fatal syndrome may help others with common disorders like diabetes
Reversing "stress" in a crippled cell organelle could help people with Wolfram syndrome, and other illnesses with the same flaw
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Whale songs allow researchers to take 'ultrasound' of sea floor
Approach could be used to better locate earthquakes
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Landmark study of 7000 Chicago police shows nonwhite officers make fewer stops, use less force
More diverse police forces would have fewer conflicts with communities, findings suggest
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Neanderthal-inspired 'minibrains' hint at what makes modern humans special
A single genetic tweak changes or-ganoids' shape and cellular connections
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600K alligator and bird poses hint how dinosaurs moved
Researchers have used innovative 3D imaging technology called X-ray Reconstruction of Moving Morphology—or XROMM—to develop a way to unlock new insights into how dinosaurs moved. Paleontologists have made great strides in understanding how extinct animals like dinosaurs walked, ran, swam, and flew when they were alive—but much about the mechanics of how different species moved remains uncertain.
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Astronomers confirm solar system's most distant known object is indeed Farfarout
With the help of the international Gemini Observatory, a Program of NSF's NOIRLab, and other ground-based telescopes, astronomers have confirmed that a faint object discovered in 2018 and nicknamed "Farfarout" is indeed the most distant object yet found in our Solar System. The object has just received its designation from the International Astronomical Union.
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Use of mobile stroke units improves clinical outcomes
STEMOs have been serving Berlin for ten years. The specialized stroke emergency response vehicles allow physicians to start treating stroke patients before they reach hospital. For the first time, a team of researchers from Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin has been able to show that the dispatch of mobile stroke units is linked to improved clinical outcomes. The researchers' findings, which sh
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New study reveals biodiversity important at regional scales
New research shows that biodiversity is important not just at the traditional scale of short-term plot experiments–in which ecologists monitor the health of a single meadow, forest grove, or pond after manipulating its species counts–but when measured over decades and across regional landscapes as well. The findings can help guide conservation planning and enhance efforts to make human communiti
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Patient education program with mental health component reduces cardiovascular disease risks
People who participated in an integrated mental and physical health patient education program maintained significant improvements on seven of nine health measures six months after the program's conclusion. Study by University of Illinois social work professor Tara M. Powell and Jordan's Royal Health Awareness Society.
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Low-income middle-aged African-American women with hypertension are likely to suffer from depression
Low-income middle-aged African-American women with high blood pressure very commonly suffer from depression and should be better screened for this serious mental health condition.
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Climate research: rapid formation of iodic particles over the Arctic
When sea ice melts and the water surface increases, more iodine-containing vapours rise from the sea. Scientists from the international research network CLOUD have now discovered that aerosol particles form rapidly from iodine vapours, which can serve as condensation nuclei for cloud formation. The CLOUD researchers, among them scientists from the Goethe University Frankfurt, fear a mutual intensi
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Once bitten, twice shy: the neurology of why one bad curry could put us off for life
A negative experience with food usually leaves us unable to stomach the thought of eating that particular dish again. Using sugar-loving snails as models, researchers at the University of Sussex believe these bad experiences could be causing a switch in our brains, which impacts our future eating habits.
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A plant's nutrient-sensing abilities can modulate its response to environmental stress
Understanding how plants respond to stressful environmental conditions is crucial to developing effective strategies for protecting important agricultural crops from a changing climate. New research led by Carnegie's Zhiyong Wang, Shouling, Xu, and Yang Bi reveals an important process by which plants switch between amplified and dampened stress responses.
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New insights to past ecosystems are now available based on pollen and plant traits
Researchers have mined and combined information from two databases to link pollen and key plant traits to generate confidence in the ability to reconstruct past ecosystem services. The approach can help understand how plants performed different benefits useful for humans over the past 21,000 years, and how these services responded to human and climate disturbances.
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Scent detection dogs can identify individuals infected with COVID-19
Scent detection dogs can identify individuals infected with the COVID-19 virus according to a new article in the Journal of Osteopathic Medicine . Findings indicate the dogs could be used to screen for infections in hospitals, senior care facilities, schools, universities, airports, large sporting events or concerts.
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Study: Reparations for slavery could have reduced COVID-19 infections and deaths in US
Study: monetary reparations for Black descendants of people enslaved in the United States could have cut SARS-CoV-2 transmission and COVID-19 rates both among Black individuals and the population at large by as much as 68 percent. Researchers modeled the impact of structural racism on viral transmission and disease impact in the state of Louisiana. The higher burden of SARS-CoV-2 infection among B
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Lipid epoxides target pain, inflammatory pathways in neurons
When modified using a process known as epoxidation, two naturally occurring lipids are converted into potent agents that target multiple cannabinoid receptors in neurons, interrupting pathways that promote pain and inflammation, researchers report. These modified compounds, called epo-NA5HT and epo-NADA, have much more powerful effects than the molecules from which they are derived, which also reg
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Fresh infusion of $14 billion promises to accelerate ambitious greening project
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Ebola is so pernicious because it pulls a fast one on the body, disguising itself as a dying cell. A study published in the journal PLOS Pathogens, identifies a pathway that all filoviruses use to gain entry into our cells–and shows how they can be stopped in their tracks by at least one FDA-approved drug.
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Misuse of opioid drugs during pregnancy could have lasting impact on child's development
Researchers at the University of Maryland School of Medicine now have preliminary but striking evidence that suggests that such exposure can cause long-lasting impairment in the brain's ability to process sensory information. These impairments may give rise to autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and substance use disorders during adolescence. The landmark study was recently published
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Hope for children with bow hunter syndrome
DALLAS – Feb. 11, 2021 – Fusing the neck's top two vertebrae can prevent repeat strokes in children with bow hunter syndrome, a rare condition that affects a handful of U.S. pediatric patients each year, UT Southwestern researchers suggest in a recent study. The finding, published online in Child's Nervous System , offers a new way to treat these children and protect them from potentially lifelong
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One dose of COVID-19 vaccine provokes strong immune response in those previously infected
Researchers report preliminary evidence that people previously infected with COVID-19 responded very strongly to one dose of the Pfizer vaccine, regardless of when they were infected and whether or not they had detectable antibodies against COVID-19 prior to receiving the vaccine. The response was so effective that it opens the debate as to whether one dose of the vaccine may suffice. The research
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A new strategy to destroy cancer cells using magnetic nanoparticles and fields
The scientists analyzed how magnetic nanoparticles can be manipulated in in vitro conditions to achieve a selective antitumor effect. The method is based on the combined action of nanoparticles and permanent magnetic fields on human tumor cells.
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Rebuilding soil microbiomes in high-tunnel agricultural systems focus of study
The presence of high salt and nitrogen concentrations in high- tunnel soils may make it more challenging to rebuild a healthy soil microbiome following a soil-clearing event, according to microbial ecologists in Penn State's College of Agricultural Sciences.
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New ACIP Adult Immunization Schedule recommends changes to several vaccines, includes interim recomm
The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) has released its 2021 Recommended Adult Immunization Schedule that includes changes to several vaccines including influenza, hepatitis A, human papillomavirus (HPV); and the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine. The schedule also includes interim recommendations for COVID-19 vaccination. The complete schedule, including changes in the vac
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3 things may make you a COVID-19 'super-spreader'
Researchers have discovered that obesity, age, and COVID-19 infection correlate with a propensity to breathe out more respiratory droplets—key spreaders of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. Scientists and public health experts know that certain people, known as "super-spreaders," can transmit COVID-19 with incredible efficiency and devastating consequences. Using data from an observatio
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
Small mammals climb higher to flee warming temperatures in the Rockies
The golden-mantled ground squirrel (Callospermophilus lateralis) is a popular sight among tourists in the Rocky Mountains—the small rodent is a photogenic creature with a striped back and pudgy cheeks that store seeds and other food.
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Recommendations for regional action to combat marine plastic pollution
Millions of tonnes of plastic waste find their way into the ocean every year. A team of researchers from the Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS) in Potsdam has investigated the role of regional ocean governance in the fight against marine plastic pollution, highlighting why regional marine governance should be further strengthened as negotiations for a new global agreement continu
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Echocardiographic screening for rheumatic heart disease in Nepal
An international research team led by Thomas Pilgrim of the Department of Cardiology at Inselspital has published a much-noticed study on early detection of rheumatic heart disease (RHD) in «JAMA cardiology». The study demonstrates that a significant reduction of RHD can be achieved in schools with systematic echocardiographic screening.
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Hubble uncovers concentration of small black holes
Scientists were expecting to find an intermediate-mass black hole at the heart of the globular cluster NGC 6397, but instead they found evidence of a concentration of smaller black holes lurking there. New data from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope have led to the first measurement of the extent of a collection of black holes in a core-collapsed globular cluster.
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Small mammals climb higher to flee warming temperatures in the Rockies
The golden-mantled ground squirrel (Callospermophilus lateralis) is a popular sight among tourists in the Rocky Mountains—the small rodent is a photogenic creature with a striped back and pudgy cheeks that store seeds and other food.
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Small mammals climb higher to flee warming temperatures in the Rockies
The golden-mantled ground squirrel is one of the most photographed animals in the Rocky Mountains. It's also joining many other species of rodents and shrews in Colorado that are making an ominous trek: They're climbing uphill to escape from climate change.
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SRC-3 is a novel regulator of human immune T regulatory cells
SRC-3, a prognostic marker for aggressive human breast and other cancers, also regulates human immune T regulatory cells (Tregs), which are involved in fighting cancer.
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Study: Facing heat illness, dehydration risks, marching bands need access to athletic trainers
A KU study measured marching band members' core temperatures, fluid intake and behaviors through high-tech methods to determine their risks of heat illness. Findings showed band members are just as at risk as athletes, yet seldom have access to health experts or policies to protect them.
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Scientists of the Universities of Zurich and Cambridge, associated with the Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research PlanetS, suggest a new explanation for the abundance in intermediate-mass exoplanets – a long-standing puzzle of Astronomy.
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DNA repair is an important factor that determines how early or late Huntington's disease (HD) occurs in individuals who carry the expanded CAG repeat in the HTT gene that causes HD. This special issue of the Journal of Huntington's Disease is a compendium of new reviews on topics ranging from the discovery of somatic CAG repeat expansion in HD, to our current understanding of the molecular mechani
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Affordable CRISPR app reveals unintended mutations at site of CRISPR gene repair
Scientists have developed an affordable, downloadable app that scans for potential unintended mistakes when CRISPR is used to repair mutations that cause disease. The app reveals potentially risky DNA alterations that could impede efforts to safely use CRISPR to correct mutations in conditions like sickle cell disease and cystic fibrosis. The development of the new tool, called DECODR (which stand
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Experts' top COVID mitigation action: Nat'l stay at home order with financial compensation
A report summary released today by a team at Lehigh University led by Thomas McAndrew, a computational scientist and assistant professor in Lehigh's College of Health, shares the consensus results of experts in the modeling of infectious disease when asked to rank the top 5 most effective interventions to mitigate the spread and impact of COVID-19 in the US.
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New research identifies biological causes of muscle weakness in later life
A new largescale genetic analysis has found biological mechanisms that contribute to making people more susceptible to muscle weakness in later life, finding that diseases such as osteoarthritis and diabetes may play a large role in susceptibility.
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How shared partisanship leads to social media connections
MIT scholars have found that Twitter users are three times more likely to follow other Twitter accounts they are aligned with in political terms, showing how much partisan identification itself drives social groupings.
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Nanowire could provide a stable, easy-to-make superconducting transistor
MIT researchers developed a superconducting nanowire that could enable efficient, easy-to-make electronics. The advance could boost quantum computing, as well as magnetic sensors for applications in brain imaging and telescopes.
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Watch: 'Bug fight club' clarifies evolution of natural weapons
New findings based on battling bugs shed light on how evolution has shaped the arsenal of weapons in the animal kingdom. In two new studies, the researchers report what they learned when they started their own "fight club"—an exclusive version where only insects qualify as members, with a mission to clarify the evolution of weapons in the animal kingdom. https://cdn.uanews.arizona.edu/s3fs-public
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Study: New prostate cancer test could avoid unnecessary biopsies
A urine test based on University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center research could have avoided one third of unnecessary prostate cancer biopsies while failing to detect only a small number of cancers, according to a validation study that included more than 1,500 patients.
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Insilico announces MolGrow — a new generative model for hierarchical molecular generation
Insilico Presented Its New Molecular Generation Model at the 35th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence
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Stirring up conflicts in tumour cells
With two commercially available inhibitors, the cell cycle of the cancer cells in the childhood tumour neuroblastoma can be disrupted at a key point causing tumour cell death.
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Team sheds new light on super-Earth origin mystery
Astronomers have long thought of super-Earths as the rocky cores of mini-Neptunes whose gassy atmospheres had blown away, but a new study challenges that theory. Mini-Neptunes and super-Earths up to four times the size of our own are the most common exoplanets orbiting stars beyond our solar system. In the new study in the Astrophysical Journal , astronomers show that some of these exoplanets nev
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Coronavirus test from a suitcase
A portable suitcase could aid quick diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 cases in Africa. In cooperation with several African universities, scientists at Leipzig University have found that a mini-laboratory provides test results that are almost as good as a PCR test – and almost in real time. The researchers have now published their findings in the journal 'Analytical Chemistry'.
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Genomic test helps estimate risk of prostate cancer metastasis, death
A commercially available genomic test may help oncologists better determine which patients with recurrent prostate cancer may benefit from hormone therapy, according to new research from the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center and 15 other medical centers.
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LGBT+ workers experience higher levels of conflict at work, shows new report
The CIPD is today launching a new research report, co-authored by the University of Bath's Dr Luke Fletcher, to highlight how LGBT+ workers tend to have a more negative experience of work.
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Study finds even the common house sparrow is declining
A new study by Cornell Lab of Ornithology scientists aims to clarify the status of the non-native European House Sparrow, using 21 years of citizen science data from the Cornell Lab's Project FeederWatch.
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TalTech scientists developed novel immune diagnostics of multiple sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common neurological disease in young adults, affecting more than 2 million individuals worldwide, with about 1500 cases in Estonia. About 20% of MS patients experience optic neuritis (ON) as the presenting symptom, but not all ON patients develop MS.
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Combination of pine scent and ozone as super source of particulate emissions
Scientists have managed to figure out why conifer forests produce so many fine particles into the atmosphere. Aerosol particles are particularly abundant when ?-pinene, the molecule responsible for the characteristic pattern of pine trees reacts with atmospheric ozone.
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Nightly sleep of five hours, less, may increase risk of dementia, death among older adults
New research from investigators at Brigham and Women's Hospital explores the connection between sleep disturbances and deficiencies among older adults and risk of dementia and death, finding that risk of dementia was double among participants who reported getting less than five hours of sleep compared to those who reported 7-8 hours of sleep per night.
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Vaporised crusts of Earth-like planets found in dying stars
Remnants of planets with Earth-like crusts have been discovered in the atmospheres of four nearby white dwarf stars by University of Warwick astronomers, offering a glimpse of the planets that may have once orbited them up to billions of years ago.
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Protected areas see continued deforestation but at a reduced rate, OSU research shows
A survey of more than 18,000 land parcels spanning 2 million square miles across 63 countries shows that a "protected area" designation reduces the rate of deforestation but does not prevent it.
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Study identifies never-before-seen dual function in enzyme critical for cancer growth
In developing therapies for hard-to-treat breast and ovarian cancers in patients with BRCA gene mutations, scientists aim to identify ways to keep cancer cells from using DNA break repair pathways. New findings demonstrate a previously-unknown capability for polymerase theta (pol theta) – a key enzyme in this repair function – that shows promise as a new avenue for treatment development.
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How do our memories take shape?
Your brain is constantly evaluating which aspects of your experiences to either remember for later, ignore, or forget. Dartmouth researchers have developed a new approach for studying these aspects of memory, by creating a computer program that turns sequences of events from a video into unique geometric shapes, which can be compared to the shapes of how people recounted the events. Published in N
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How pandemic-related disruptions may adversely impact progress toward a gender-balanced workforce in academic oncology is described in this article, which also offers possible solutions to mitigate the problem in this specialty.
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National trends in us otolaryngology surgical volume early in COVID-19 pandemic
Changes in otolaryngology surgical volumes in the United States early on in the COVID-19 pandemic are described in this study.
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SARS-CoV-2 screening using CRISPR-based methods
This observational study assessed CRISPR-based methods for screening to detect SARS-CoV-2 among asymptomatic college students.
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Aggressive brain tumor mapped in genetic, molecular detail
A new study led by Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis has revealed a detailed map of the genes, proteins, infiltrating cells and signaling pathways that play key roles in driving glioblastoma. The study, of 99 tumors from patients, is the largest and most detailed schematic of this deadly brain tumor.
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Machine-learning how to create better AAV gene delivery vehicles
A new study initiated by Wyss Core Faculty member George Church's Synthetic Biology team at Harvard's Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, and driven by a collaboration with Google Research has applied a computational deep learning approach to design highly diverse capsid variants from the AAV2 serotype across DNA sequences encoding a key protein segment that plays a role in immun
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Compounds from apples may boost brain function
Natural compounds found in apples and other fruits may help stimulate the production of new brain cells, which may have implications for learning and memory, according to a new study in mice published in Stem Cell Reports.
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Artificial intelligence generates new diversity of AAV capsids for broader gene therapy
Research in Nature Biotechnology demonstrates the use of machine learning to generate unprecedented diversity of functional AAV capsids, towards evading immune system neutralization to allow more patients to benefit from gene therapies. It is estimated that up to 50-70% of the human population have pre-existing immunity to natural forms of the AAV vectors currently used in gene therapies. Dyno The
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Want to curb your kitty's killer instinct? Add meat and playtime, study suggests
Strategy reduces wildlife kills by more than one-third
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3 frygter monopol: TDC kan kombinere 5G-frekvenser
PLUS. 3 og DI frygter mangel på konkurrence inden for 5G-netværk, hvis TDC får mulighed for at opkøbe mange frekvenser i både 3,5 GHz og 2300 MHz. Netop råderetten til båndbredde i flere forskellige frekvensbånd kan blive en afgørende faktor i 5G-kapløbet.
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How a scientist is addressing inequity in human-genomics research
Nature, Published online: 11 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00386-4 Samira Asgari describes how her research programme focuses on overlooked populations in human genomics.
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Swirlonic super particles baffle physicists
We report a novel state of active matter–a swirlonic state. It is comprised of swirlons, formed by groups of active particles orbiting their common center of mass.
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A study analyses breakfast-related advertising in Mediterranean countries
According to the Breakfast Food Advertisements in Mediterranean Countries: Products' Sugar Content in Adverts from 2015 to 2019 report produced by UOC Faculty of Information and Communication Sciences professor and researcher, Mireia Montaña, the majority of breakfast products marketed for children contain three times as much sugar as those aimed at adults, influencing their choices for one of the
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Small is big: the need for a holistic approach to manage cerebral small vessel disease
Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is a complex brain disease that presents as a wide range of symptoms, starting with mild neurological and physical indications that worsen with age. The vast array of risk factors and varying degrees of success of interventions call for improvement in diagnostic and management strategies. Now, in a new review, researchers from the United Kingdom discuss the clin
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Emissions of banned ozone-depleting substance back on decline
After a mysterious and sharp increase between 2012 and 2017 that could be traced to eastern China global emissions of a potent (and banned) substance notorious for depleting the Earth's ozone layer – the protective barrier that absorbs the Sun's harmful UV rays – have fallen rapidly in recent years and are now as low as never before since measurements began in this region in 2008, according to new
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Mathematician suggests a scheme for solving telegraph equations
A mathematician from RUDN University suggested a stable difference scheme for solving inverse problems for elliptic-telegraph and differential equations that are used to describe biological, physical, and sociological processes. The results of the study were published in the Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations journal.
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Algoritme kan forudsige risiko for nyresvigt hos patienter med type 1-diabetes
Danske forskere har udviklet en model, der kan forudsige, hvilke patienter med type 1-diabetes der har højest risiko for at blive ramt af nyresvigt og derfor også bør behandles mere intensivt.
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Is it safe to get the COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy?
Is the COVID-19 vaccine safe to get during pregnancy? Justin Brandt, a maternal-fetal physician, has some answers. Pregnant women—considered to be at high risk for complications if they contract COVID-19—were not included in clinical trials for the current vaccines, leaving many confused over whether or not they should be vaccinated. Brandt is an assistant professor in the Division of Maternal Fe
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Author Correction: Reliance on model-based and model-free control in obesity
Scientific Reports, Published online: 11 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83028-z
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Conversational computers have come a long way
But still have a long way to go
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Ionic liquid uniformly delivers chemotherapy to tumors while destroying cancerous tissue
A Mayo Clinic team, led by Rahmi Oklu, M.D., Ph.D., a vascular and interventional radiologist at Mayo Clinic, in collaboration with Samir Mitragotri, Ph.D., of Harvard University, report the development of a new ionic liquid formulation that killed cancer cells and allowed uniform distribution of a chemotherapy drug into liver tumors and other solid tumors in the lab. This discovery could solve a
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RUDN University mathematician suggested a scheme for solving telegraph equations
A mathematician from RUDN University suggested a stable difference scheme for solving inverse problems for elliptic-telegraph and differential equations that are used to describe biological, physical, and sociological processes.
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Smartphone app to change your personality
How quickly can personality traits be modified? An international research team led by the University of Zurich has shown that daily use of a smartphone app can lead to desired personality changes within three months. And three months after the daily interventions, the changes are still noticeable.
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– How we sleep and experience psychological symptoms during pandemic
A study shows that during the first confinement, day-to-day variations in subjective sleep qualityinfluenced the occurrence of mental and physical health complaints, and that these effects werelinked to daily reports of COVID-19 related deaths. The team of researchers led by Peter Simor interviewed 166 participants in three European countries, twicea day for two consecutive weeks via an online int
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Study shows how the uncertainty in the Bitcoin market responds to cyberattacks
A total of 1.1 million bitcoin were stolen in the 2013-2017 period. Given the current price for Bitcoin exceeding $40,000, the corresponding monetary equivalent of losses is more than $44 billion highlighting the societal impact of this criminal activity. The question arises how does the uncertainty in the Bitcoin market—measured by its volatility—respond to such cyberattacks.
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Forskning & Framsteg – För dig som är nyfiken på allvar
Här är solsystemets bortersta himlakropp
Den lilla himlakroppen har fått smeknamnet Farfarout – långtlångtborta. För närvarande befinner den sig 132 astronomiska enheter från solen, det vill säga 132 gånger längre bort än jorden. Storleken är antagligen omkring 400 kilometer tvärs över, kanske tillräckligt för att kunna räkna Farfarout som en liten dvärgplanet.
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Wafer-scale production of graphene-based photonic devices
Graphene Flagship researchers have devised a wafer-scale fabrication method that paves the way to the next generation of telecom and datacom devices.
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Two-dimensional materials hold out hope for many technical applications. An international research team now has determined for the first time how strongly 2D materials vibrate when electronically excited with light.
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Proper fit of face masks is more important than material, study suggests
A team of researchers studying the effectiveness of different types of face masks has found that in order to provide the best protection against COVID-19, the fit of a mask is as important, or more important, than the material it is made of.
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New study suggests better approach in search for COVID-19 drugs
Research from the University of Kent, Goethe-University in Frankfurt am Main, and the Philipps-University in Marburg has provided crucial insights into the biological composition of SARS-CoV-2, the cause of COVID-19, revealing vital clues for the discovery of antiviral drugs.
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Finnish study shows how the uncertainty in the Bitcoin market responds to cyberattacks
A University of Vaasa researcher, Klaus Grobys, investigates how the uncertainty in the Bitcoin market reacts if Bitcoin is subject to hacking incidents – or so-called cyberattacks. The study finds two effects on Bitcoin volatility – an immediate effect and a delayed effect. The proposed model could potentially serve as a tool for investors that are active in the derivative market for cryptocurren
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Capturing free-space optical light for high-speed wifi
Visible and infrared light can carry more data than radio waves, but has always been confined to a hard-wired, fiber-optic cable. Working with Facebook's Connectivity Lab, a Duke research team has now made a major advance toward the dream of ditching the fiber in fiber optics.
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Highly efficient metasurface poised to improve communication and biosensing
Researchers have created a new plasmonic metasurface that achieves record high light efficiency over the entire centimeter-scale metasurface. The advance makes the new nanostructured thin film practical for use in a variety of applications from light-based communication to fluorescence-based biosensing.
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Ny professor i pædiatri med klar mission
Ledende overlæge Allan Lund bliver professor i pædiatri ved Københavns Universitet med særligt fokus på sjældne stofskiftesygdomme hos børn og unge.
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Lifestyle changes in pregnant women affected babies' genes
A study led by researchers at Lund University in Sweden showed a connection between lifestyle intervention in pregnant women with obesity and epigenetic alterations in the baby. The study is published in the journal Diabetes.
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Learning by observation reduces cognitive bias, research suggests
Research suggests that observing others' decision-making can teach people to make better decisions themselves.The research, co-authored by Professor Irene Scopelliti, Professor of Marketing and Behavioural Science, tested the effectiveness of a new debiasing training strategy and reports first evidence that watching others make decisions can improve our own decision making.
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Protein sequences provide clues to how SARS-CoV-2 infects cells
Researchers at EMBL Heidelberg have identified sequences in human proteins that might be used by SARS-CoV-2 to infect cells. They have discovered that the virus might hijack certain cellular processes, and they discuss potentially relevant drugs for treating COVID-19.
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Scientists discovered new physical effects important for the ITER reactor operation
The energy of the future lies in the area of the controlled thermonuclear fusion. Researchers discovered new effects, which affect the energy flow in the reactor. The theoretical predictions were confirmed by the experiments on two tokamaks. The research results were published in the scientific journal 'Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion'.
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Aalborg Universitet får nyt grundforskningscenter
Kroniske inflammatoriske tarmsygdomme får deres eget forskningscenter i et samarbejde mellem Det Sundhedsvidenskabelige Fakultet ved AAU og Danmarks Grundforskningsfond.
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Ny professor i klinisk sygepleje
Bibi Hølge-Hazelton udnævnes til professor i klinisk sygepleje ved Institut for Regional Sundhedsforskning, Syddansk Universitet og Sjællands Universitetshospital.
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Polyamorous relationships under severe strain during the pandemic
A few years ago I started conducting interviews with over 100 people about their online dating experiences. I wanted to know how people presented themselves on their profiles, perceived other users on the platforms, and made decisions about whom to date.
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Summer weather sways honey bees' winter survival
Summer temperatures and precipitation strongly influence survival of honey bees the following winter, a new study shows. The findings suggest that honey bees have a "goldilocks" preferred range of summer conditions outside of which their probability of surviving the winter falls, researchers report. The results of the study, which used several years of survey data from the Pennsylvania State Beek
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Get a load of ZIF! Better delivery of cancer immunotherapy
An antibody loaded onto a porous metal organic framework is released by the acidic environment that surrounds tumors, avoiding the adverse effects of administering the antibody alone.
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Infectious disease causes long-term changes to frog's microbiome
In a rare study published this week, Andrea Jani, a researcher with the University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, determined the skin microbiome of an endangered frog was altered when the frogs were infected by a specific fungus, and it didn't recover to its initial state even when the frog was cured of the infection.
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Dress codes can reveal social aspirations, political ideals, says scholar
For centuries, dress codes have been used to maintain specific social roles and hierarchies. But fashion and style have also traditionally served another purpose: to express new ideals of individual liberty, rationality and equality, according to new research by Stanford legal scholar Richard Thompson Ford.
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Kinesiske myndigheder undersøger kritik af Tesla
Kinesiske Tesla-ejere er utilfredse med kvaliteten af de biler, der er produceret på fabrikken i Shanghai. Nu har myndighederne indkaldt bilproducenten til et møde.
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Cold sores: Discovery reveals how stress, illness and even sunburn trigger flareups
The finding could lead to new ways to prevent cold sores and herpes-related eye disease from reoccurring, the researchers report.
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Artificial emotional intelligence: a safer, smarter future with 5G and emotion recognition
The combination of new 5G communication technologies with AI-based systems are ushering in a "smart generation" of vehicles, drones, and even entire cities. Now, researchers take things one step further by introducing a 5G-assisted emotion detection system that uses wireless signals and body movement. In their latest publication, they outline its working principle, application prospects, and poten
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Wake-up call for neural stem cells
A brain enzyme activates dormant neural stem cells, revealing how defects in its gene could lead to neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Chinese people are more likely to face high blood pressure and other health risks as a result of higher body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference than people from other racial and ethnic groups, according to a new study published in the Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.
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The power of groupthink: Study shows why ideas spread in social networks
New research shows that large groups of people all tend to think alike, and also illustrates how easily people's opinions can be swayed by social media–even by artificial users known as bots.
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Daily briefing: Scientists struggling to keep human genome data free
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00378-4 The broken promise that undermines human genome research. Plus, China and UAE missions have both successfully reached Mars, and we are flushing away valuable phosphorus.
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Best heated throw blanket: Bundle up with these electric blankets
Must-have additions for your couch during the colder months. (Nery Zarate via Unsplash/) Did you know that a heated throw blanket is actually considered a household appliance? While that might sound a little strange, if your heated throw has a plug and runs on electricity—well, that's an appliance. Heated blankets have improved dramatically over the years, and are safer and cozier than ever. The
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Australian researchers have come up with two key recommendations from studies of the annual influenza season – one highlighting the benefits of antivirals in reducing repeat hospitalisation, and the other to watch for underlying cardiovascular disease. While the world focuses on the rising COVID-19 death toll, seasonal influenza continues to cause significant mortality and poses a significant econ
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Age shall not weary them when it comes to discus and javelin
Discus and javelin throwers as well as marathon runners and race walkers are likely to achieve their best performances at a later age than sprinters, hurdlers and middle-distance runners. Why? It comes down to muscle fibres and technique.
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Survey: Cleaning product use affecting asthma more during COVID-19 measures
Those with asthma are experiencing less asthma control related to an increase in using household disinfectants — known asthma triggers — because of COVID-19, according to a survey co-conducted by University of Illinois Chicago researchers.
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Learning by observation reduces cognitive bias, research suggests
Research from the Business School (formerly Cass) suggests that observing others' decision-making can teach people to make better decisions themselves.
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White continent, white blokes: Why Antarctic research needs to shed its exclusionary past
The icy continent has historically been a place for men. First "discovered" in 1820, Antarctica would not be visited by a woman for well over a century.
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New research examines effects of firm-, industry- and country-level innovation on firm performance
A recent study published in Marketing Letters by University of Alabama at Birmingham Collat School of Business Assistant Professor Yufei Zhang, Ph.D., examines how outside innovations can enhance firm performance.
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People had a rollercoaster 2020, says new study on Twitter messages
For Rutgers University–Camden researchers, the messages are clear: 2020 was quite the emotional rollercoaster in New Jersey.
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Parsing routes to aquifer recharge along mountain fronts
In many semiarid and arid regions around the world, groundwater drawn from basin-fill aquifers sustains local agriculture and large cities. Such aquifers are typically replenished by high-elevation precipitation and snowmelt along encircling mountain fronts via several pathways. These pathways include infiltration from streams, diffuse subsurface flow from the mountains to the basin, and focused s
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Why we shouldn't skip a pandemic Valentine's Day
It's more important than ever to celebrate Valentine's Day during the pandemic, says Justin Garcia. "Valentine's Day is a time when we stop and focus on our relationships, whether it's with a new or long-term partner," says Garcia , executive director of the Kinsey Institute and associate professor of gender studies at Indiana University. "While it can sometimes feel overly commercial, it's also
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Keck Medicine of USC study shows that semen can accurately be tested up to 52 hours after being collected, offering men greater flexibility in how they provide sperm specimens
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The time to take low-carbon transition risks seriously is now
A successful climate policy means preparing for unintended adverse impacts, such as job losses in declining energy sectors or potential environmental impacts of scaling up renewables. That's the message of EPFL researchers in their latest policy brief that provides a roadmap for anticipating and mitigating the risks of transitioning to a low-carbon economy and society. It calls on decision-makers
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Evaluating environmental predictors of western U.S. wildfires
As the western United States becomes hotter and drier, wildfires in the region are becoming more frequent and severe. In addition to causing acute, local impacts on people and property, the fires can adversely affect the respiratory health of the millions of people who inhale tiny smoke particles that drift downwind. But understanding what drives wildfire activity from year to year across this div
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Scientific American (uploads) on YouTube
A Visual Guide to the New Coronavirus Variants
The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus seems to be suddenly acquiring mutations at a rapid rate. The most worrying variants, first discovered in South Africa and Brazil, increase the virus's contagiousness and may even help it evade the human immune system. These characteristics are helping the new variants outcompete the original virus, allowing them to spread quickly around the world. Viruses, including SA
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Forskning & Framsteg – För dig som är nyfiken på allvar
Mäter sockerhalten – i ett levande träd
Genom att placera en liten sensor i en hybridasp har forskare för första gången lyckats mäta sockerhalten i saven inuti en levande växt. Tidigare har den typen av mätning krävt att en gren skärs av för att undersöka vätskeinnehållet.
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 11 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83717-9 Author Correction: Development of chloroplast genome resources for peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) and other species of Arachis
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 11 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83332-8
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Leading evidence-based group blames pandemic for 9-month delay pulling flawed cancer review
Last February, Richard Pollock was reading a review in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews — a prominent resource for evidence-based medicine — when he spotted an error. In the first figure, which compared the effectiveness of two different treatments for the most common form of liver cancer, a label was switched. The error made … Continue reading
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
A retrospective analysis of debridement in the treatment of chronic injury of lactating nipples
Scientific Reports, Published online: 11 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83172-6
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Prenatal diagnosis of severe mitochondrial diseases caused by nuclear gene defects: a study in Japan
Scientific Reports, Published online: 11 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-81015-y
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Microsaccades mediate perceptual alternations in Monet's "Impression, sunrise"
Scientific Reports, Published online: 11 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-82222-3
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 11 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-82962-2
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Hydrodynamic assisted multiparametric particle spectrometry
Scientific Reports, Published online: 11 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-82708-0
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Serum estradiol level according to dose and formulation of oral estrogens in postmenopausal women
Scientific Reports, Published online: 11 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-81201-y
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 11 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-82967-x
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 11 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-82868-z
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Amatørastronomer afslørede ankomst til Mars – nu venter neglebidende landing
PLUS. Det kinesiske rumfartøj Tianwen-1 er gået i kredsløb om Mars. Om kort tid begynder en svær landing med faldskærme, retroraketter og airbags.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Renal metabolism and hypertension
Nature Communications, Published online: 11 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21301-5 Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The kidneys, which have a very high metabolic rate, play a fundamental role in blood pressure regulation. In this review, the authors discuss recent studies on the role of renal metabolism in the development of hypertension.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 11 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21189-1 The obtention and study of actinide elements is challenging due to various factors including their radioactivity and scarcity. Herein, the authors characterize the atomic and electronic structure of Am, Cm, Bk, and Cf compounds using a transmission electron microscopy-based workflow that only requires nanogr
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 11 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21238-9 Single-molecule fluorescence currently requires specialized imaging equipment due to the low signal of a single emitter. Here the authors introduce NanoAntennas with Cleared HOtSpots (NACHOS) to boost the signal sufficient for detection of a single emitter by a smartphone, opening the door to point-of-care a
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Diagnostic accuracy of cytology for the detection of endometrial cancer in urine and vaginal samples
Nature Communications, Published online: 11 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21257-6 Postmenopausal bleeding can be an indication of endometrial cancer. Here, the authors combine cytology of urine and vaginal samples from women with postmenopausal bleeding and demonstrate that they can accurately predict endometrial cancer with a sensitivity of 91.7% and specificity of 88.8%.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 11 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-20929-7 AtACINUS is an Arabidopsis homolog of a mammalian splicing regulator and previously found to be O-GlcNAcyated. Here Bi et al. characterize the interactors and targets of AtACINUS, show it is required for development and stress responses and provide evidence that its O-glycosylation affects alternative splici
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 11 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21165-9 Aspartate transcarbamoylase acts in de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis and in plants is regulated by feedback inhibition via uridine 5-monophosphate (UMP). Here Bellin et al. describe the structural basis for this feedback inhibition, showing that UMP blocks the active site by binding to a plant specific UMP re
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Self-assembly and regulation of protein cages from pre-organised coiled-coil modules
Nature Communications, Published online: 11 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21184-6 Coiled-coil protein origami is a strategy for the de novo design of polypeptide nanostructures based on coiled-coil dimer forming peptides, where a single chain protein folds into a polyhedral cage. Here, the authors design a single-chain triangular bipyramid and also demonstrate that the bipyramid can be se
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 11 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21208-1 Nitric oxide plays key roles in regulating many pathological processes and it is important to monitor NO and related diseases. Here, the authors report on the development of a molecular motion based NO responsive photoacoustic probe and demonstrate application in detecting encephalitis in vivo.
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Gene variants increase risk of Addison's disease
Variants of nine genes increase the risk of developing Addison's disease, a rare disease in which the immune system attacks the adrenal glands. That is according to the largest genetic study to date on patients with Addison's disease. The findings help increase knowledge about what causes the disease. The study was conducted by researchers at Karolinska Institutet, Sweden, and Bergen University, N
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Self-testing trebles HIV testing rate amongst trans people in randomised trial
HIV self-testing could reduce the time between HIV infection and HIV diagnosis amongst trans people when compared to standard testing services, suggests new research in EClinicalMedicine .The project was a collaboration between the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), University College London (UCL), and the Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit. It involved more than 100
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New guidance addresses structural racism in racial and ethnic disparities research
Scientific research on racial and ethnic disparities must shift to reflect the significant role and impact of structural racism.Clearly defined parameters in research publishing are recommended to ensure structural racism is at the forefront of disparities research.
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Støjklager fra koncerter bekæmpes med udendørs højttalere
PLUS. Lave frekvenser fra dunkende baslyde skal undertrykkes med lyd fra højttalere, så naboer ikke generes. Det har DTU Elektro arbejdet på i flere år, og nu udvides samarbejde med den anerkendte tyske højttalerproducent d&b audiotechnik.
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Valentine's Day is fast approaching, and for many couples this year will feel very different. Lockdowns, social distancing, and self-isolation have forced those in relationships to choose whether to be together all the time, or stay apart for potentially months on end. Linda Geddes speaks to Dr Deborah Bailey-Rodriguez about how couples have navigated their relationships during the pandemic. Help
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Undersea 7.7 quake in South Pacific sets off small tsunami
Small tsunami waves were detected in South Pacific islands after an undersea earthquake early Thursday morning.
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Why portraying humans as healthy machines can backfire
Researchers from University of Amsterdam and Stanford University published a new paper in the Journal of Marketing that examines explores how human-as-machine representations affect consumers—specifically their eating behavior and health.
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MAX IV: Här ser forskarna in i cellen på atomnivå
MAX IV är en av världens ljusstarkaste synkrotronljusanläggning och gör det möjligt för forskare att studera material och ämnen ända ned på atomnivå. Vi följde med medicinforskare när de utförde experiment för att bättre förstå ett enzym som har betydelse.
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'Left behind' adolescent women must be prioritised within sustainable development agenda
The needs of millions of overlooked, 'left behind' adolescent women must become a more significant priority within international efforts to end poverty by 2030, a UK Government-commissioned report is urging.
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Family ties explain mysterious social life of coral gobies
The strange social structure of tiny fish called emerald coral gobies may be explained by family loyalty, new research shows.
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Forskning & Framsteg – För dig som är nyfiken på allvar
Gamers ska ge covid-19 game over
Studier som kartlägger hur immunförsvaret reagerar på covid-19 kan leda till nya behandlingar och rädda liv, men är mycket tidskrävande. Nu vill forskare snabbspola processen med hjälp av hundratusentals rymdpiloter i det populära datorspelet EVE Online.
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In Science Fiction, We Are Never Home – Issue 95: Escape
This essay first appeared in our "Home" issue way back in 2013. But somehow feels so timely today. Halfway through director Alfonso Cuarón's Gravity , Sandra Bullock suffers the most cosmic case of homesick blues since Keir Dullea was hurled toward the infinite in 2001: A Space Odyssey nearly half a century ago. For Bullock, home is (as it was for Dullea) the Earth, looming below so huge it would
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States largely rejected naturopathic licensing and practice expansion efforts in 2020. As ever, naturopaths are back again in 2021, imploring state legislators to legitimize them with licensing and greater scopes of practice, especially the authority to prescribe drugs. The post first appeared on Science-Based Medicine .
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Why portraying humans as healthy machines can backfire
Confronting consumers with expectations to be "machine-like" can be risky if not aligned with their abilities.
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Klimarådet: 100.000 hektar lavbundsjord til vådlægning ligger inden for skiven
PLUS. Landbruget skal ud og finde andre reduktioner for at nå 70-procentsmålet, hvis ikke de vil inddrage store dele af lavbundsjordene, påpeger formanden for klimarådet.
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More deaths in England and Scotland may be due to obesity and excess body fat than smoking
Obesity and excess body fat may have contributed to more deaths in England and Scotland than smoking since 2014, according to research published in the open access journal BMC Public Health .
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'Left behind' adolescent women must be prioritised within sustainable development agenda
The needs of millions of overlooked, 'left behind' adolescent women must become a more significant priority within international efforts to end poverty by 2030, a UK Government-commissioned report is urging.
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Vitrazza Glass Floor Mats Protect Your Floors From Expensive Office Chair Damage
It's no secret that office work can be demanding, especially during those countless hours of sitting in uncomfortable office chairs . But aside from the wear and tear office chairs can put on your back, they're also known to cause major damage to unprotected floors. However, with the arrival of Vitrazza glass chair mats , damaged flooring from office chairs is becoming a thing of the past. Vitraz
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Researchers explore how to protect gut integrity to improve outcomes in blood cancers
MUSC Hollings Cancer Center researchers found that a single strain of bacteria may be able to reduce the severity of graft-versus-host disease.
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Caution: 1918 influenza provides warning for potential future pandemic reemergence
New research from Michigan State University used health data from the initial 1918 influenza spike to provide insights to what "pandemic reemergence" may look like for our future.
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Sawfish face global extinction unless overfishing is curbed
Sawfish have disappeared from half of the world's coastal waters and the distinctive shark-like rays face complete extinction due to overfishing, according to a new study by Simon Fraser University researchers, published in Science Advances.
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HIV research yields potential drug target
Understanding the mechanism of activation of a protein called SAMHD1 could be a step forward in the fight against HIV/AIDS. "If we are able to increase SAMHD1 activity using a specific drug, that could potentially have anti-HIV activity," said Corey H. Yu, PhD, postdoctoral fellow in the laboratory of Dmitri Ivanov, PhD, at UT Health San Antonio.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Publisher Correction: Few keystone plant genera support the majority of Lepidoptera species
Nature Communications, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21304-2
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Nanoparticle gel unites oil and water in manufacturing-friendly approach
Oil and water may not mix, but adding the right nanoparticles to the recipe can convert these two immiscible fluids into an exotic gel with uses ranging from batteries to water filters to tint-changing smart windows. A new approach to creating this unusual class of soft materials could carry them out of the laboratory and into the marketplace.
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COVID-infected mothers separated from their babies affects breastfeeding outcomes
It may be safe for COVID-infected mothers to maintain contact with their babies. Keeping them apart can cause maternal distress and have a negative effect on exclusive breastfeeding later in infancy
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Infant and toddler food product names may not accurately reflect ingredient amounts
The descriptions on the fronts of infant and toddler food packages may not accurately reflect the actual ingredient amounts, according to new research.
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COVID-related depression linked to reduced physical activity
New research from Carnegie Mellon University, University of Pittsburgh and University of California, San Diego found that 61% of surveyed university students were at risk of clinical depression, a value twice the rate prior to the pandemic. This rise in depression came alongside dramatic shifts in lifestyle habits.
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Researchers release analysis of largest, most diverse genetic data set
Researchers at the University of Maryland School of Medicine (UMSOM) and their colleagues published a new analysis today in the journal Nature from genetic sequencing data of more than 53,000 individuals, primarily from minority populations.
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Edible insects likely to hit supermarkets within months after EU agency's green light
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New wearable device turns the body into a battery
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Artificial Island in the North Sea Will Harvest Wind Energy at a Huge Scale
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This 'Quantum Brain' Would Mimic Our Own to Speed Up AI
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Machines Are Inventing New Math We've Never Seen
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Physicists Discover a Strange New Form of Magnetism Within 'Magnetic Graphene'
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Potentially habitable exoplanet candidate spotted around Alpha Centauri A in Earth's backyard
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Elon Musk wants clean power. But Tesla's carrying bitcoin's dirty baggage.
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Oil Supermajor Total Is Rebranding In Pivot From Oil To Renewables
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India is considering four-day work weeks but with longer shifts
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It's Time to Take Geothermal Energy Seriously
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Creating more sustainable fragrances with biotech
In the face of a changing climate and crop diseases, manufacturers of products containing natural flavors and fragrances are pivoting to a new way to source ingredients. Companies have been partnering with biotechnology firms to manufacture scents and flavors using fermented microbes, which experts say are more sustainable. A new story in Chemical & Engineering News, the weekly newsmagazine of the
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Biochemistry Research News — ScienceDaily
'Defective' carbon simplifies hydrogen peroxide production
Scientists introduce a new catalyst to reduce oxygen to widely used hydrogen peroxide. The process sidesteps complex and expensive processes that generate toxic organic byproducts and large amounts of wastewater.
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Biochemistry Research News — ScienceDaily
New CRISPR tech targets human genome's complex code
Rice bioengineers harness the CRISPR/Cas9 system to program histones, the support proteins that wrap up and control human DNA, to manipulate gene activation and phosphorylation. The new technology enables innovative ways to find and manipulate genes and pathways responsible for diseases.
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Study finds U.S. first responders have mixed feelings about COVID-19 vaccine
Firefighters and emergency medical services workers are at high risk of exposure to COVID-19 while on the job and pose an additional risk of transmitting the virus to others. Although vaccines are a promising public health tool for reducing COVID-19 transmission, little has been known about the perceptions of the COVID-19 vaccine among first responders.
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Computational medicine — moving from uncertainty to precision
An innovative partnership at The University of Texas at Austin takes aim at medicine down to the individual level by applying state-of-the-art computation to medical care.
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Discovery (uploads) on YouTube
Stream Full Episodes of Gold Rush: discovery+ ► https://www.discoveryplus.com/show/gold-rush Discovery ► https://go.discovery.com/tv-shows/gold-rush/ Subscribe to Discovery: http://bit.ly/SubscribeDiscovery Join us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/GoldRush/ https://www.facebook.com/Discovery Follow us on Twitter: https://twitter.com/Gold_Rush https://twitter.com/Discovery We're on Instagram!
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Hidden conflict in the mutually beneficial relationship between legumes and rhizobia
The mutually beneficial relationship between legumes and rhizobia is one of the most well-known and agronomically important examples of symbiosis. A study led by Chapman University's Kenjiro Quides tested the boundaries of this relationship — and found that it's not always as perfectly harmonious as previously thought. Reported in the journal Evolution, the results suggest a hidden conflict in th
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Astronomers confirm orbit of most distant object ever observed in our solar system
A team of astronomers, including associate professor Chad Trujillo of Northern Arizona University's Department of Astronomy and Planetary Science, have confirmed a planetoid that is almost four times farther from the Sun than Pluto, making it the most distant object ever observed in our solar system.
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The role of nanobacteria in the organic matter cycle in freshwater systems
A team of scientists including researchers from Baltic Federal University studied freshwater microorganisms that can pass through biological filters. These microorganisms are understudied but were believed to play an important role in the biosphere. However, experiments showed that they had only a minor impact on the cycle of dissolved organic matter.
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Google Scholar renders documents not in English invisible
It affects scientific articles and conference papers, according to a recent study published in the journal Future Internet, by Cristòfol Rovira, Lluís Codina and Carles Lopezosa, researchers with the Department of Communication.
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Demographic perspectives on the rise of longevity [Social Sciences]
This article reviews some key strands of demographic research on past trends in human longevity and explores possible future trends in life expectancy at birth. Demographic data on age-specific mortality are used to estimate life expectancy, and validated data on exceptional life spans are used to study the maximum length…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
The contributions of asymptomatic infections to herd immunity and community transmission are key to the resurgence and control of COVID-19, but are difficult to estimate using current models that ignore changes in testing capacity. Using a model that incorporates daily testing information fit to the case and serology data from…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Xie et al. (1) report that a higher working memory (WM) capacity increases social-distancing compliance, even after accounting for relevant covariates (e.g., mood and personality traits), and that this effect is partly mediated by a facilitating benefit-over-cost analysis about social-distancing practice. In light of these findings, the authors suggest that…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Li et al. (1) recently report the discovery of 16 Food and Drug Administration–approved drugs as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) main protease (Mpro) inhibitors. They were identified from a computational virtual screening approach using the Mpro as the drug target, and their enzymatic inhibition against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
We thank Marot et al. (1) for their reproduction of our findings on depressed mood and social-distancing compliance, as already shown in our tables 1 and 2 and SI Appendix tables S2 and S3 (2). Their reanalysis of our data appears to support three additional points: Depressed mood is a…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Ma and Wang (1) tested our recently reported severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) main protease (Mpro) noncovalent inhibitors (2) using their in vitro assays, and they obtained negligible or much lower inhibitory activities compared to ours. Knowing the discrepancy, we first carefully rechecked our original experimental records, and…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Local translation in nuclear condensate amyloid bodies [Cell Biology]
Biomolecular condensates concentrate molecules to facilitate basic biochemical processes, including transcription and DNA replication. While liquid-like condensates have been ascribed various functions, solid-like condensates are generally thought of as amorphous sites of protein storage. Here, we show that solid-like amyloid bodies coordinate local nuclear protein synthesis (LNPS) during stress.
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Brain connectivity plays a major role in the encoding, transfer, and integration of sensory information. Interregional synchronization of neural oscillations in the γ-frequency band has been suggested as a key mechanism underlying perceptual integration. In a recent study, we found evidence for this hypothesis showing that the modulation of interhemispheric…
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Recent studies have identified thousands of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in mammalian genomes that regulate gene expression in different biological processes. Although lncRNAs have been identified in a variety of immune cells and implicated in immune response, the biological function and mechanism of the majority remain unexplored, especially in sepsis….
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
We assembled a complete reference genome of Eumaeus atala, an aposematic cycad-eating hairstreak butterfly that suffered near extinction in the United States in the last century. Based on an analysis of genomic sequences of Eumaeus and 19 representative genera, the closest relatives of Eumaeus are Theorema and Mithras. We report…
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Israelis unwilling to risk two-state solution, says new report
Israelis across the political spectrum prefer the status quo to the two-state solution, and Palestinians are only willing to accept a two-state solution that Israelis will be unable to accept, according to a new RAND Corporation report that assesses whether there are any alternative solutions to the conflict that average Israelis and Palestinians would support.
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Traffic reductions due to COVID-19 boost air quality in some states but not all
Dramatic decreases in traffic caused by COVID-19 shutdowns improved air quality in car-dependent states but didn't offset additional forms of pollution in other parts of the country.
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Mobile game that uses implicit learning improved children's short-term food choices
A new study examined how Indian 10- and 11-year-olds' food choices were affected by playing a pediatric dietary mobile game that uses implicit learning–educating players without making them aware of the lessons through innovations in neurocognitive training and immersive technology. The study found that the game significantly improved children's food choices immediately after play.
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Creating more sustainable fragrances with biotech
In the face of a changing climate and crop diseases, manufacturers of products containing natural flavors and fragrances are pivoting to a new way to source ingredients. Companies have been partnering with biotechnology firms to manufacture scents and flavors using fermented microbes, which experts say are more sustainable. A new story in Chemical & Engineering News (C&EN), the weekly newsmagazine
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Reductions in CFC-11 emissions put ozone recovery back on track
An international research team, including scientists from MIT, have observed a global reduction of the banned ozone-depleting chemical CFC-11, after it spiked unexpectedly several years ago.
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Brain tumor study reveals surprising gene deletion and method to overcome drug resistance
Experts at Cincinnati Children's report success at averting drug resistance in a subtype of brain tumors called glioblastomas. Importantly, the research indicates that the approach may also work in other cancers, such as melanoma, that exhibit a similar pathway of drug resistance.
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Electric cable bacteria breathe oxygen with unheard efficiency
. Ten years ago, researchers at Aarhus University, Denmark, reported the discovery of centimeter-long cable bacteria, that live by conducting an electric current from one end to the other. Now the researchers document that a few cells operate with extremely high oxygen consumption while the rest of the cells process food and grow without oxygen. An outstanding way of life.
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Science Advances current issue
Through an integrative analysis of the lincRNA expression and tumor immune response in 9,626 tumor samples across 32 cancer types, we developed a lincRNA-based immune response (LIMER) score that can predict the immune cells infiltration and patient prognosis in multiple cancer types. Our analysis also identified tumor-specific lincRNAs, including EPIC1 , that potentially regulate tumor immune res
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Science Advances current issue
Mutually unbiased bases and symmetric informationally complete measurements in Bell experiments
Mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) and symmetric informationally complete projectors (SICs) are crucial to many conceptual and practical aspects of quantum theory. Here, we develop their role in quantum nonlocality by (i) introducing families of Bell inequalities that are maximally violated by d -dimensional MUBs and SICs, respectively, (ii) proving device-independent certification of natural operati
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Science Advances current issue
Water heavily fractionated as it ascends on Mars as revealed by ExoMars/NOMAD
Isotopic ratios and, in particular, the water D/H ratio are powerful tracers of the evolution and transport of water on Mars. From measurements performed with ExoMars/NOMAD, we observe marked and rapid variability of the D/H along altitude on Mars and across the whole planet. The observations (from April 2018 to April 2019) sample a broad range of events on Mars, including a global dust storm, th
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Science Advances current issue
The triple-cation mixed-halide perovskite (FA x MA y Cs 1- x – y )Pb(I z Br 1- z ) 3 (FAMACs) is the best composition for thin-film solar cells. Unfortunately, there is no effective method to prepare large single crystals (SCs) for more advanced applications. Here, we report an effective additive strategy to grow 2-inch-sized high-quality FAMACs SCs. It is found that the judiciously selected redu
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Science Advances current issue
Vasculature-driven stem cell population coordinates tissue scaling in dynamic organs
Stem cell (SC) proliferation and differentiation organize tissue homeostasis. However, how SCs regulate coordinate tissue scaling in dynamic organs remain unknown. Here, we delineate SC regulations in dynamic skin. We found that interfollicular epidermal SCs (IFESCs) shape basal epidermal proliferating clusters (EPCs) in expanding abdominal epidermis of pregnant mice and proliferating plantar epi
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Science Advances current issue
Molecular characterization of the human kidney interstitium in health and disease
The gene expression signature of the human kidney interstitium is incompletely understood. The cortical interstitium (excluding tubules, glomeruli, and vessels) in reference nephrectomies ( N = 9) and diabetic kidney biopsy specimens ( N = 6) was laser microdissected (LMD) and sequenced. Samples underwent RNA sequencing. Gene signatures were deconvolved using single nuclear RNA sequencing (snRNAs
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Science Advances current issue
Methanogens are considered as one of the earliest life forms on Earth, and together with anaerobic methane-oxidizing archaea, they have crucial effects on climate stability. Yet, the origin and evolution of anaerobic alkane metabolism in the domain Archaea remain controversial. Here, we show that methanogenesis was already present in the common ancestor of Euryarchaeota, TACK archaea, and Asgard
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Science Advances current issue
High-resolution terahertz-driven atom probe tomography
Ultrafast control of matter by a strong electromagnetic field on the atomic scale is essential for future investigations and manipulations of ionization dynamics and excitation in solids. Coupling picosecond duration terahertz pulses to metallic nanostructures allows the generation of extremely localized and intense electric fields. Here, using single-cycle terahertz pulses, we demonstrate contro
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Science Advances current issue
Mechanisms of stearoyl CoA desaturase inhibitor sensitivity and acquired resistance in cancer
The lipogenic enzyme stearoyl CoA desaturase (SCD) plays a key role in tumor lipid metabolism and membrane architecture. SCD is often up-regulated and a therapeutic target in cancer. Here, we report the unexpected finding that median expression of SCD is low in glioblastoma relative to normal brain due to hypermethylation and unintentional monoallelic co-deletion with phosphatase and tensin homol
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Science Advances current issue
Sperm microRNAs confer depression susceptibility to offspring
Evidence that offspring traits can be shaped by parental life experiences in an epigenetically inherited manner paves a way for understanding the etiology of depression. Here, we show that F1 offspring born to F0 males of depression-like model are susceptible to depression-like symptoms at the molecular, neuronal, and behavioral levels. Sperm small RNAs, and microRNAs (miRNAs) in particular, exhi
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Science Advances current issue
Notwithstanding the remarkable progress in the clinical treatment of ischemic disease, proangiogenic drugs mostly suffer from their abnormal angiogenesis and potential cancer risk, and currently, no off-the-shelf biomaterials can efficiently induce angiogenesis. Here, we reported that a semisynthetic sulfated chitosan (SCS) readily engaged anti-inflammatory macrophages and increased its secretion
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Science Advances current issue
Wireless, implantable catheter-type oximeter designed for cardiac oxygen saturation
Accurate, real-time monitoring of intravascular oxygen levels is important in tracking the cardiopulmonary health of patients after cardiothoracic surgery. Existing technologies use intravascular placement of glass fiber-optic catheters that pose risks of blood vessel damage, thrombosis, and infection. In addition, physical tethers to power supply systems and data acquisition hardware limit freed
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Science Advances current issue
Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) are an excellent candidate for powering wearable electronics and the "Internet of Things," due to their capability of directly converting heat to electrical energy. Here, we report a high-performance wearable TEG with superior stretchability, self-healability, recyclability, and Lego-like reconfigurability, by combining modular thermoelectric chips, dynamic covale
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Science Advances current issue
Oxygen consumption of individual cable bacteria
The electric wires of cable bacteria possibly support a unique respiration mode with a few oxygen-reducing cells flaring off electrons, while oxidation of the electron donor and the associated energy conservation and growth is allocated to other cells not exposed to oxygen. Cable bacteria are centimeter-long, multicellular, filamentous Desulfobulbaceae that transport electrons across oxic-anoxic
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Science Advances current issue
Bridging-induced phase separation induced by cohesin SMC protein complexes
Structural maintenance of chromosome (SMC) protein complexes are able to extrude DNA loops. While loop extrusion constitutes a fundamental building block of chromosomes, other factors may be equally important. Here, we show that yeast cohesin exhibits pronounced clustering on DNA, with all the hallmarks of biomolecular condensation. DNA-cohesin clusters exhibit liquid-like behavior, showing fusio
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Science Advances current issue
Structural basis for the Mg2+ recognition and regulation of the CorC Mg2+ transporter
The CNNM/CorC family proteins are Mg 2+ transporters that are widely distributed in all domains of life. In bacteria, CorC has been implicated in the survival of pathogenic microorganisms. In humans, CNNM proteins are involved in various biological events, such as body absorption/reabsorption of Mg 2+ and genetic disorders. Here, we determined the crystal structure of the Mg 2+ -bound CorC TM dom
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Science Advances current issue
Despite the vital roles of jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile) in governing plant growth and environmental acclimation, it remains unclear what intracellular processes lead to its induction. Here, we provide compelling genetic evidence that mechanical and osmotic regulation of turgor pressure represents a key elicitor of JA-Ile biosynthesis. After identifying cell wall mutant alleles in KORRIGAN1 ( KOR
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'Handy pen' lights up when exposed to nerve gas or spoiled food vapors
Exposure to some odorless, colorless and tasteless gases, such as nerve agents, can be toxic or even lethal. And having the ability to detect other types of vapors could save people from eating spoiled or rotten food. Easy-to-use portable devices could, therefore, go a long way toward protecting the public. Now researchers reporting in ACS Materials Letters have created a pen-like sensor that chan
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Substance in the blood of pregnant women fights pathological immune reaction
Scientists studied the effect of trophoblastic β1-glycoprotein in the blood of pregnant women on pro-inflammatory immune cells. Thanks to trophoblastic β1-glycoprotein, a woman's body does not adversely react to the fetus and supports its normal development until birth. It turned out that trophoblastic β1-glycoproteins also suppressed the development of pro-inflammatory lymphocytes and reduced the
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Flooding in the Columbia River basin expected to increase under climate change
The Columbia River basin will see an increase in flooding over the next 50 years as a result of climate change,
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Some man-made materials can mimic plants' slow but steady reaction to light energy, usually triggered by lasers or focused ambient light. New research from the University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University has discovered a way to speed up this effect enough that its performance can compete against electrical and pneumatic systems.
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Biomarkers that could help determine who's at risk for severe COVID-19 symptoms
One of the many mysteries still surrounding COVID-19 is why some people experience only mild, flu-like symptoms, whereas others suffer life-threatening respiratory problems, vascular dysfunction and tissue damage. Now, researchers reporting in ACS' Analytical Chemistry have used a combination of metabolomics and machine learning to identify possible biomarkers that could both help diagnose COVID-1
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Physicists have optimized the method of smelting the MAX phase
Physicists from the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University in collaboration with their foreign colleagues have optimized the method for obtaining highly pure Cr2AlC MAX-phase, which is necessary for studying the magnetic properties of this compound when it is doped with manganese. The unique properties of magnetic MAX materials could be used in a wide range of new technologies from magnetic cooli
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The future of solar technology: New technology makes foldable cells a practical reality
International research team creates solar cells with unprecedented flexibility and resistance.
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New targets for the development of a drug treatment for obesity and type 2 diabetes
The GIP receptor in the central nervous system plays a crucial role in the regulation of body weight and food intake. This is shown by a recent study by Helmholtz Zentrum München, ETH Zurich and the German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD). The study, which has now been published in 'Cell Metabolism', identifies new targets for the development of a drug treatment for obesity and type 2 diabetes.
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Listen: What is the origin of life?
For Nobel laureate Jack Szostak, the biggest question in science today is fundamental: What is the origin of life? Szostak , a professor of genetics at Harvard University, has dedicated his lab to piecing together the complex puzzle of life's origins on Earth. The story takes us back billions of years and may provide answers to some of our most mysterious questions: Where did we come from—and are
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Deadly Himalayan Flood Shows Perils of Mountain Warming
Scientists think a huge chunk of ice or rock fell and caused a devastating surge of water down a river in India — Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
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A novel approach to determine how carcinogenic bacteria find their targets
The gram-negative bacteria Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) colonize the stomachs of the majority of the world's population. Although most people may never experience major complications due to the pathogen, H. pylori infections increase the risk of certain types of gastric cancer, as well as other illnesses such as peptic ulcers and gastritis.
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Plant-based magnetic nanoparticles with antifungal properties
A team of researchers from Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University obtained magnetic nanoparticles using sweet flag (Acorus calamus). Both the roots and the leaves of this plant have antioxidant, antimicrobial, and insecticide properties.
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Solar awnings over parking lots help companies and customers
Michigan Tech engineers look into the untapped potential of parking lots in a study that investigates the energy-related benefits of developing charging stations powered with solar canopies built into the parking infrastructure of large-scale retailers like Walmart.
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Israelis unwilling to risk two-state solution, new RAND report
A new RAND Corporation report assesses potential alternative solutions to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict that average Israelis and Palestinians would support. Israelis across the political spectrum prefer the status quo to the two-state solution, and Palestinians are only willing to accept a two-state solution that Israelis will be unable to accept.
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Scientists create liquid crystals that look a lot like their solid counterparts
New kinds of liquid crystals developed at the University of Colorado Boulder resemble gypsum or lazulite crystals–except that they flow like fluids.
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CWRU researchers uncover biochemical rules between RNA-protein interactions and expr
A team of Case Western Reserve University researchers has found a way to measure key characteristics of proteins that bind to RNA in cells–a discovery that could improve our understanding of how gene function is disturbed in cancer, neurodegenerative disorders or infections.
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Traffic reductions due to COVID-19 boost air quality in some states but not all
Dramatic decreases in traffic caused by COVID-19 shutdowns improved air quality in car-dependent states but didn't offset additional forms of pollution in other parts of the country.
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A language learning system that pays attention — more efficiently than ever before
SpAtten, a hardware and software system developed at MIT, called SpAtten, that streamlines state-of-the-art natural language processing. The advance could reduce the computing power, energy, and time required for text analysis and generation.
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Tests reveal cybersecurity vulnerabilities of common seismological equipment
Seismic monitoring devices linked to the internet are vulnerable to cyberattacks that could disrupt data collection and processing, say researchers who have probed the devices for weak points.
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How the 3-D structure of eye-lens proteins is formed
Chemical bonds within the eye-lens protein gamma-B crystallin hold the protein together and are therefore important for the function of the protein within the lens. Contrary to previous assumptions, some of these bonds, called disulphide bridges, are already formed simultaneously with the synthesis of the protein in the cell. This is what scientists at Goethe University Frankfurt, Max Planck Insti
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Digital providers come to the fore to support global mental health during pandemic
Research published today shows how digital providers are coming together to support the mental health needs of millions of users unable to access traditional services during the COVID-19 pandemic. For the first time ever, digital providers and experts from over 20 countries have gathered a staggering number of insights about mental health during the pandemic from potentially upwards of 50 million
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Do first dates offer accurate first impressions?
It may be more difficult to get an accurate first impression of someone on a first date than in a casual setting, research finds. We can generally rely on first-date impressions, though, the research shows. While previous studies have shown that people can form accurate impressions of new acquaintances in platonic settings—like casual conversations with new classmates—the researchers wanted to fi
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How rocks on Earth rusted and turned red
A new discovery about how rocks on Earth turned red could help answer questions about the Late Triassic climate more than 200 million years ago. Greenhouse gas levels at that time were high enough to be a model for what Earth may look like in the future. "All of the red color we see in New Jersey rocks and in the American Southwest is due to the natural mineral hematite," says Christopher J. Lepr
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Researchers unravel what makes someone a COVID-19 super-spreader
Researchers at Tulane University, Harvard University, MIT and Massachusetts General Hospital have learned that obesity, age and COVID-19 infection correlate with a propensity to breathe out more respiratory droplets — key spreaders of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. Their findings were published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences .
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Oncotarget: Combination of copanlisib with cetuximab improves tumor response
"These data support further investigation of PI3K inhibition in HNSCC and suggests gene expression patterns associated with PI3K signaling"
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Energy drinks can be really bad for heart cells
Some energy drinks have adverse effects on the muscle cells of the heart, a new study shows. As reported in Food and Chemical Toxicology , cardiomyocytes—human heart cells grown in a laboratory—exposed to some energy drinks showed an increased beat rate and other factors affecting cardiac function. When placed in the context of the human body, researchers have linked consumption of these beverage
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Russian scientists significantly improved coal-burning efficiency
A team of Russian scientists from NUST MISIS, Tomsk Polytechnic University (TPU) and Boreskov Institute of Catalysis has suggested a new approach to modifying the combustion behavior of coal. The addition of copper salts reduces the content of unburnt carbon in ash residue by 3.1 times and CO content in the gaseous combustion products by 40%, the scientists found. The research was published in Fue
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Researchers find broad impacts from political polarization
Political polarization is having far-reaching impacts on American life, harming consumer welfare and creating challenges for people ranging from elected officials and policymakers to corporate executives and marketers.
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Illicit centipede raises thorny question: Should journals have refused to publish a paper about it?
Editors differ about whether they are obliged to ensure specimens are legally acquired
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Study reveals platinum's role in clean fuel conversion
Scientists at the US Department of Energys Brookhaven National Laboratory, Stony Brook University (SBU), and other collaborating institutions have uncovered dynamic, atomic-level details of how an important platinum-based catalyst works in the water gas shift reaction. The experiments provide definitive evidence that only certain platinum atoms play an important role in the chemical conversion, a
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New tool helps clinicians assess patients who develop COVID-19 symptoms
The newly developed COvid Risk cALculator (CORAL) standardizes the assessment of emergency department and hospitalized patients who develop symptoms of COVID-19. The tool minimizes the chance that a patient with a false-negative test escapes detection and indicates when a patient's probability of having COVID-19 is low enough that isolation can be discontinued.
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Choir singing can improve cognitive functioning among the elderly
Researchers have made new discoveries on the benefits of choir singing which may include positive effects on cognitive functioning similar to playing an instrument.
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The science of siestas: New research reveals the genetic basis for daytime napping
Researchers identified 123 regions in the human genome that are associated with daytime napping and three distinct mechanisms that promote napping. Many napping-related genes also regulate other aspects of sleep.
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Gulls, sentinels of bacteria in the environment
Gulls are one of the main wild birds that act as reservoirs of Campylobacter and Salmonella, two most relevant intestinal antibiotic-resistant bacteria causing gastroenteritis in humans. Therefore, according to an article published in the journal Science of the Total Environment seagulls could act as sentinels of the antibiotic pressure in the environment.
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Lung ultrasound helps predict COVID-19 patient outcomes
Brazilian researchers applied an examination protocol based on an analysis of 12 lung regions to 180 severe patients and found that the higher the lung ultrasound score the greater the risk of ICU admission, intubation and death.
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Astronomers uncover mysterious origins of 'super-Earths'
Mini-Neptunes and super-Earths up to four times the size of our own are the most common exoplanets orbiting stars beyond our solar system. Until now, super-Earths were thought to be the rocky cores of mini-Neptunes whose gassy atmospheres were blown away. In a new study published in The Astrophysical Journal, astronomers from McGill University show that some of these exoplanets never had gaseous a
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COVID-19 telemonitoring program helps reduce hospital admissions and ER visits
New Rochelle, NY, February 9, 2021–The rapid upscaling of a telemonitoring program in which health care providers performed daily telemedicine check-ins on COVID-19 patients faced a unique set of challenges.
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Preventing COVID-19 and aging: Geroprotector to enhance resilience and vaccine response
Clinical trial to explore the potential of rapalogs to enhance resilience against SARS-CoV-2 infection and reduce the severity of COVID-19 in biologically aged individuals.
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Oncotarget: Evaluation of cancer-derived myocardial impairments using a mouse model
'The established mouse cachexia model can therefore be considered useful for analyzing cancer-derived myocardial damage'
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Researchers find broad impacts from political polarization
Ultimately, polarization harms mental and physical health, financial welfare, relationships and societal interests through its impact on psychology, marketing and public policy outcomes.
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Northwestern scholar to talk about science of teams in space at AAAS
Noshir Contractor, along with Leslie DeChurch and NASA researcher Suzanne Bell, developed a computational model that predicts interpersonal conflicts between team members (such as astronauts) with 75-80% accuracy and prescribes interventions to repair their interactions and relationships.
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Metabolism: Researchers first to shed light on structure of huge enzyme complex
A new method has enabled the natural structure of particularly large and complex enzymes to be revealed. Scientists at Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU) and TU Berlin have published their findings in the journal Cell Reports. They investigated a multi-enzyme complex that plays an essential role in metabolism and have discovered that it functions differently than previously thought. T
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
Metabolism: Researchers first to shed light on structure of huge enzyme complex
A new method has enabled the natural structure of particularly large and complex enzymes to be revealed. Scientists at Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU) and TU Berlin have published their findings in the journal Cell Reports. They investigated a multi-enzyme complex that plays an essential role in metabolism and have discovered that it functions differently than previously thought. T
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One Size Does Not Fit All: Pharmacogenomics in Precision Medicine
Sandosh Padmanabhan and Andrew Morrow will discuss how pharmacogenomics methods improve precision medicine for cardiovascular disease treatment.
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Oncotarget: Melatonin increases overall survival of prostate cancer patients
'The results of the use of melatonin drugs in palliative treatment of patients with end-stage prostate cancer are shown'
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Anti-cancer drug's mode of operation deciphered
Freiburg researchers show how the membrane protein CD20 keeps the immune system's antibody-producing cells in check.
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Virtual reality helping to treat fear of heights
Researchers from the University of Basel have developed a virtual reality app for smartphones to reduce fear of heights. Now, they have conducted a clinical trial to study its efficacy. Trial participants who spent a total of four hours training with the app at home showed an improvement in their ability to handle real height situations.
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Antibodies to common cold coronaviruses do not protect against SARS-CoV-2
Past exposure to seasonal coronaviruses (CoVs), which cause the common cold, does not result in the production of antibodies that protect against the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, according to a study Penn Medicine. Researchers said although antibodies from prior coronavirus infections cannot prevent SARS-CoV-2 infections, it is possible that pre-existing memory B cells and T cells could potential
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Scientists uncover four new facts about early SARS-CoV-2 infections
University of Minnesota Medical School researchers studied SARS-CoV-2 infections at individual cellular levels and made four major discoveries about the virus, including one that validates the effectiveness of remdesivir – an FDA-approved antiviral drug – as a form of treatment for severe COVID-19 disease.
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A recipe for regenerating bioengineered hair
Scientists have recently developed ways to grow a variety of useful items in laboratories, from meat and diamonds to retinas and other organoids. At the RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research in Japan, a team led by Takashi Tsuji has been working on ways to regenerate lost hair from stem cells. In an important step, a new study identifies a population of hair follicle stem cells in the skin
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Endovascular aneurysm repair linked to higher readmission rates
Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (rAAA) are responsible for nearly 2% of all deaths in U.S. men over the age of 65. Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) has emerged as a newer and less invasive alternative to open repair for rAAA. But researchers from the University of Missouri School of Medicine have discovered that while EVAR is more commonly utilized for rAA, the odds of hospital readmission
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Human Genome Project – Nature's editor-in-chief reflects 20 years on
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00377-5 Looking back at the publication of the human genome, and how macrophages mend muscle.
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Trust in COVID vaccines is growing
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00368-6 Survey spanning several countries finds encouraging trends, but researchers warn vaccine hesitancy could slow pandemic recovery.
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Macrophages provide a transient muscle stem cell niche via NAMPT secretion
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03199-7 Specific macrophage populations provide a transient niche that activates muscle stem cells after muscle injury and supply proliferation-inducing cues that govern the repair process mediated by these cells in both zebrafish and mouse injury models.
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Thermally reconfigurable monoclinic nematic colloidal fluids
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03249-0 Dispersion of colloidal disks in a nematic liquid crystal reveals several low-symmetry phases, including monoclinic colloidal nematic order, with interchange between them achieved through variations in temperature, concentration and surface charge.
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A decline in emissions of CFC-11 and related chemicals from eastern China
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03277-w Atmospheric data and chemical-transport modelling show that CFC-11 emissions from eastern China have again decreased, after increasing in 2013–2017, and a delay in ozone-layer recovery has probably been avoided.
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A decline in global CFC-11 emissions during 2018−2019
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03260-5 Atmospheric concentration measurements at remote sites around the world reveal an accelerated decline in the global mean CFC-11 concentration during 2018 and 2019, reversing recent trends and building confidence in the timely recovery of the stratospheric ozone layer.
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Origins of modern human ancestry
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03244-5 A Review describes the three key phases that define the origins of modern human ancestry, and highlights the importance of analysing both palaeoanthropological and genomic records to further improve our understanding of our evolutionary history.
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A universal 3D imaging sensor on a silicon photonics platform
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03259-y A compact, high-performance silicon photonics-based light detection and ranging system for three-dimensional imaging is developed that should be amenable to low-cost mass manufacturing
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Protecting a bosonic qubit with autonomous quantum error correction
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03257-0 A logical qubit encoded in multi-photon states of a superconducting cavity is protected with autonomous correction of certain quantum errors by tailoring the dissipation it is exposed to.
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A quantum enhanced search for dark matter axions
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03226-7 A quantum enhanced search for dark matter that uses vacuum squeezing to overcome the quantum noise limit finds no evidence of dark matter axions in a well motivated mass range.
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Cooperative epithelial phagocytosis enables error correction in the early embryo
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03200-3 Mechanical load-sharing enables the long-range cooperative uptake of apoptotic cells by multiple epithelial cells; and clearance of these apoptotic cells facilitates error correction, which is necessary for developmental robustness and survival of the embryo.
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Sequencing of 53,831 diverse genomes from the NHLBI TOPMed Program
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03205-y The goals, resources and design of the NHLBI Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) programme are described, and analyses of rare variants detected in the first 53,831 samples provide insights into mutational processes and recent human evolutionary history.
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Visualization of the mechanosensitive ion channel MscS under membrane tension
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03196-w The authors report the structural characterization of the mechanically activated channel MscS in different membrane environments and show how the mechanosensation of MscS can be visualized.
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The kinetic landscape of an RNA-binding protein in cells
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03222-x Time-resolved RNA–protein cross-linking with a pulsed femtosecond ultraviolet laser, followed by immunoprecipitation and high-throughput sequencing, enables the determination of binding and dissociation kinetics of the RNA-binding protein DAZL within cells.
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Non-coding deletions identify Maenli lncRNA as a limb-specific En1 regulator
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03208-9 The long non-coding RNA locus Maenli controls mouse limb development by regulating En1 activity, and the absence of the homolgous MAENLI locus is associated with severe congenital limb defects in humans.
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Facile route to bulk ultrafine-grain steels for high strength and ductility
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03246-3 Bulk ultrafine-grained steel is prepared by an approach that involves the rapid production of coherent, disordered nanoprecipitates, which restrict grain growth but do not interfere with twinning or dislocation motion, resulting in high strength and ductility.
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Complex structures arising from the self-assembly of a simple organic salt
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03194-y Frank–Kasper phases are observed in small organic molecules from the crystallization of fampridine hydrochloride into two distinct structures, indicating that complex self-assembled structures can arise from simple organic salts.
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In situ mapping identifies distinct vascular niches for myelopoiesis
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03201-2 A combination of fluorescent antibodies is used to build visual maps of all myeloid cells in the bone marrow, providing new insight into how the bone marrow microenvironment regulates cell-fate decisions.
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Illegal CFC emissions have stopped since scientists raised alarm
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00360-0 Analyses suggest that China has successfully curbed production of an ozone-depleting chemical, a win for the international treaty that protects the ozone layer.
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How the human genome transformed study of rare diseases
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00294-7 Mendelian diseases are caused by mutations in a single gene. The first draft of the human genome, published in 2001, had broad implications for how these diseases are diagnosed, managed and prevented.
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Sequence three million genomes across Africa
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00313-7 Capture the full scope of variation to improve health care, equity and medical research globally.
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The next 20 years of human genomics must be more equitable and more open
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00328-0 By re-committing to data sharing, researchers can fulfil the long-delayed promise of the Human Genome Project.
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Dynamics of RNA–protein interactions studied in living cells
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00236-3 An understanding of how quickly biomolecules bind and dissociate in cells is crucial for developing quantitative models of biology, but measurements of these kinetics were possible only using purified proteins in vitro — until now.
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Shedding squeezed light on dark matter
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00295-6 Hypothetical particles called axions could constitute dark matter — the unseen component of the Universe. An experiment shows how quantum-manipulation technology can improve the sensitivity of axion detectors.
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A wealth of discovery built on the Human Genome Project — by the numbers
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00314-6 A new analysis traces the story of the draft genome's impact on genomics since 2001, linking its effects on publications, drug approvals and understanding of disease.
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Breaking through the unknowns of the human reference genome
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00293-8 Since the human genome was published in 2001, many of the gaps in the original sequence have been filled in, offering a more detailed understanding of genome regulation, structure and function.
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From one human genome to a complex tapestry of ancestry
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00237-2 In the 20 years since the first drafts of the human genome were made public, an explosion in genome sequencing has revealed how our evolutionary history and health can be understood by analysing the diversity in our genomes.
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Long-term stress linked to increased risk of heart attack
Can long-term stress lead to heart attacks? Most people would probably answer in the affirmative, but the scientific evidence of this is scarce. A new study by researchers from Linköping University in Sweden reveals that the levels of the stress hormone cortisol were increased in the months preceding a heart attack. The results, published in Scientific Reports , suggest that long-term stress is a
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New weapon against resistant bacteria
Researchers have developed a new antibiotic that can help in the fight against resistant bacteria, and they hope it will reach the patients.
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RUDN University veterinarians tested a new drug against pneumonia in calves
Respiratory tract diseases in young animals of the cattle are a big issue for world agriculture and food safety because a bacterium that causes them is resistant to most antibiotics. A team of veterinarians from RUDN University developed and tested a complex preparation called gentaminoseleferon that could help treat respiratory infection in calves.
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A rare observation of a vampire bat adopting an unrelated pup
The death of a vampire bat 19 days after giving birth presented scientists studying the animals in 2019 with an unexpected chance to observe a rare event: a female bat's adoption of an unrelated baby.
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Why overfishing leads to smaller cod
Overfishing, hunting and intensive agriculture and forestry can sometimes contribute to plants and animals becoming endangered. New research from Lund University in Sweden and University of Toronto can now show why this leads to entire populations becoming smaller in size, as well as reproducing earlier. The study is published in the journal PNAS .
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Kommune »meget bekymret« over stort Netcompany-system: Stop udrulningen!
Esbjerg Kommune anbefaler kraftigt, at Kombit stopper udrulningen af Kommunernes Ydelsessystem, som udvikles af Netcompany, indtil lang række fejl og mangler er rettet.
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Young and restless, old and focused: Age-differences in mind-wandering
Research from Trinity College Dublin suggests that adults can be more focused, less impeded by anxiety and less mentally restless than younger adults, providing new insight into the influence of the natural ageing process on mind-wandering.
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A scalable method for the large-area integration of 2D materials
Graphene Flagship researchers report a new method to integrate graphene and 2D materials into semiconductor manufacturing lines, a milestone for the recently launched 2D-EPL project.
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Rapid ice retreat during last deglaciation parallels current melt rates
Imagine an ice chunk the size of Hawaii disappearing, almost instantaneously, from an ice sheet. That is what happened in the Storfjorden Through in the Arctic Ocean some 11,000 years ago.
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Difficulties to care for ICU patients caused by COVID-19
Intensive care nurses highlight patient isolation, fear of the unknown and using nurses who do not usually work in the ICU as key factors in caring for critical COVID-19 patients
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A new method to search for potentially habitable planets
Imaging planets orbiting around nearby stars, which could potentially harbour life, has become a possibility thanks to the progress made in observational methods by an international team of astronomers, including Olivier Absil and Anne-Lise Maire, astrophysicists at the STAR Institute of ULiège. First candidate: Alpha Centauri, a system similar to ours, "only" 4.3 light years away. This study is t
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Bone marrow 'map' opens path to organoid-like blood stem cell production
A study led by experts at Cincinnati Children's published Feb. 10, 2021, in Nature provides powerful new insights into how bone marrow tissue works.The study,
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Silicon chip provides low cost solution to help machines see the world clearly
Researchers in Southampton and San Francisco have developed the first compact 3D LiDAR imaging system that can match and exceed the performance and accuracy of most advanced, mechanical systems currently used.
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Racial, ethnic differences in deceased organ donation
Researchers examined changes in how organ donation from deceased donors differed by race and ethnicity in the United States over time.
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Role of dermatologists in early HIV/AIDS epidemic
This article revisits the role of dermatologists in the early HIV/AIDS epidemic for the 40th anniversary of the epidemic.
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This observational study describes differences in the number of COVID-19 deaths by nursing home racial composition and examines the factors associated with these differences.
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Scientists develop new, faster method for seeking out dark matter
For nearly a century, scientists have worked to unravel the mystery of dark matter. Now, a team of researchers are dramatically speeding up the search for one candidate for this elusive substance called the axion.
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Earliest signs of an immune response found in developing embryos
Researchers at the Centre for Genomic Regulation reveal that newly formed embryos clear dying cells to maximise their chances of survival. It is the earliest display of an innate immune response found in vertebrate animals to date. The findings may aid future efforts to understand why some embryos fail to form in the earliest stages of development, and lead to new clinical efforts in treating infe
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Research shows emissions of banned ozone-depleting substance are back on the decline
Global emissions of a potent substance notorious for depleting the Earth's ozone layer — the protective barrier which absorbs the Sun's harmful UV rays — have fallen rapidly and are now back on the decline, according to new research.
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Sinai team builds first model acute myeloid leukemia progression using CRISPR
A research team led by the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (Icahn Mount Sinai) has built the first cellular model to depict the evolution of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), from its early to late stages. By using gene editing technologies to alter genes that make cells malignant, the team was able to identify potential therapeutic targets for early disease stages. The study was reported in t
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Jezero Crater: A Closer Look at the Perseverance Rover's Landing Site
Jezero Crater once could have been a prime location for martian microbial mats. And Perseverance aims to find out if any Martian fossils were left behind.
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One Size Does Not Fit All: Pharmacogenomics in Precision Medicine
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Cell biology – Overseers of cell death
A new study shows that proteins called IAPs, which can trigger programmed cell death, are inhibited by a specific chemical modification, and reveals that they play a wider role in protein quality control than previously assumed.
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Quantum effects help minimise communication flaws
Noise limits the performance of modern quantum technologies. However, particles traveling in a superposition of paths can bypass noise in communication. A collaboration between the Universities of Hong-Kong, Grenoble and Vienna, as well as the Austrian Academy of Sciences, under the lead of Philip Walther, reveals novel techniques to reduce noise in quantum communication. The results, published in
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'Sleep hygiene' should be integrated into epilepsy diagnosis and management – study
Children with epilepsy sleep poorly compared to healthy children, and are more likely to experience disruptions such as night terrors, sleep walking or sleep disordered breathing, according to a new study.
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The therapeutic potential of peptides
There are more than 80 peptide drugs on the global market and about twice as many in clinical development. Due to their beneficial properties, these biomolecules play already an important role in the treatment of diseases. In Nature Reviews Drug Discovery , a team of Austrian and Australian scientists led by Markus Muttenthaler of the University of Vienna present an outlook on the latest trends in
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Science diversified: Starting young
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00163-3 Scientists at one research institute are heading back to school to inspire the next generation of researchers.
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'Major stones unturned': COVID origin search must continue after WHO report, say scientists
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00375-7 Investigation team rules out idea that the coronavirus came from a laboratory leak, but offers two hypotheses popular in Chinese media.
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China's Tianwen-1 enters Mars orbit
Orbiting spacecraft will scout the surface before a rover landing attempt in several months
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After COVID-19 hit, federal financial aid applications dropped sharply among first-year students
After the COVID-19 crisis hit last March, federal student aid applications among potential college freshmen in California dropped 14 percent between mid-March and mid-August, relative to prior years. While there were also initial declines in applications among current undergraduates and graduate students, these quickly recovered and ended 8 percent higher relative to prior years. The findings, pub
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Tailor-made drugs to treat epilepsy or cardiovascular diseases
In order for a drug to be effective at the right places in the body, it helps if scientists can predict as accurately as possible how the molecules of that drug will interact with human cells. In a joint research project, scientists from Leipzig University and the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shanghai have succeeded in elucidating such a structure, namely that of the neuropeptide Y receptor Y2 w
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Using Nature's strategies in the development of new drugs
Dimerization of the human neuropeptides oxytocin and vasopressin can produce new types of bioactive molecules. Such new constructs provide several opportunities to optimize the efficacy of these neuropeptides for therapeutic application. The researchers were inspired for this approach from naturally occurring dimers.
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Spectacular 'honeycomb heart' revealed in iconic stellar explosion
A unique 'heart-shape', with wisps of gas filaments showing an intricate honeycomb-like arrangement, has been discovered at the centre of the iconic supernova remnant, the Crab Nebula. Astronomers have mapped the void in unprecedented detail, creating a realistic three-dimensional reconstruction. The new work is published in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society .
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How protein condensation slows down gene activity and ensures the survival of stressed cells.
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Placing cosmological constraints on quantum gravity phenomenology
Through new research published in EPJ C , researchers have used well-established cosmological observations to place tighter constraints on the quadratic model of the Generalized Uncertainty Principle, while discrediting the linear model.
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Object transparency reduces human perception of three-dimensional shapes
Toyohashi University of Technology discovered that when people judge the thickness of an object, objects with glass-like transparent optical properties are perceived to be flatter than they actually are. This discover may be useful for everyday applications, such as devices to assist with walking in people with low-vision or autonomous driving.
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New mathematical method for generating random connected networks
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Monitoring the body's fat burning by breath
Your breath holds the key to monitoring fat burning, and now a research group from Tohoku University has created a compact and low-cost device that can measure how our body metabolizes fat.
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Plant-based diet and bone health: adequate calcium and vitamin D intakes should be ensured
In a study conducted at the University of Helsinki, partial replacement of animal protein with plant protein in the diet altered bone metabolism and decreased calcium and vitamin D intakes.
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Metabolism: Researchers first to shed light on structure of huge enzyme complex
A new method has enabled the natural structure of particularly large and complex enzymes to be revealed. Scientists at Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU) and TU Berlin have published their findings in the journal Cell Reports . They investigated a multi-enzyme complex that plays an essential role in metabolism and have discovered that it functions differently than previously thought.
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What's the catch? Algal blooms influence fishing booms
The timing of phytoplankton blooms in the Red Sea could help determine next year's fish catch.
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Holland er hjemsted for en fjerdedel af Europas offentlige ladepunkter
PLUS. Det er afgørende, at det offentlige hjælper markedet for ladeinfrastruktur med at komme i gang, lyder erfaringen fra Holland.
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Heart disease deaths rising in young women
A nationwide US study has found increasing death rates from heart disease in women under 65. The research is published in European Heart Journal – Quality of Care and Clinical Outcomes , a journal of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC).1 The study found that while death rates from cancer declined every year between 1999 and 2018, after an initial drop, heart disease death rates have been risi
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Discovering structural diverseness of neurons between brain areas and between cases
Dr. Masanari Itokawa who is the vice president of Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science and colleague by the collaboration with Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI/SPring-8) and Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory identified that the schizophrenia cases showed a thin and tortuous neuronal network compared with the controls
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Study: Diabetes complications in young children target the brain
Brain volume, verbal IQ, and overall IQ are lower in children with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) than in children without diabetes, according to a new longitudinal study published in Diabetes Care , a journal of the American Diabetes Association. The nearly eight-year study compared brain scans of young children who have T1D with those of non-diabetic children to assess the extent to which glycemic exposu
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Spitting cobra venom evolved as an extra painful defense
Venom from spitting cobras has evolved to cause predators extreme pain as a form of self-defense, rather than for capturing prey, according to new research. An international team including scientists from the University of Queensland, made the discovery by studying the composition of spitting cobra venoms from three groups of snakes—Asian spitting cobras, African spitting cobras, and rinkhals. "T
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Forskning & Framsteg – För dig som är nyfiken på allvar
Den nyupptäckta kameleonten, som har döpts till Brookesia nana, lever i en bergsskog i norra Madagaskar. Honan är cirka 30 millimeter lång från nos till svansspets medan hannen endast är drygt 20 millimeter lång. Men hannens könsorgan är förhållandevis stort, dess längd motsvarar nästan en femtedel av kroppslängden. Det är troligtvis en anpassning som krävs för att hannen ska kunna para sig med ho
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Novel analytical tools developed by SMART key to next-generation agriculture
Researchers from Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) assess two emerging species-independent analytical tools, Plant nanosensors and Raman spectroscopy, that have enabled new research opportunities in plant science. The paper also evaluates the future development and economic potential of the tools and discusses strategies for their successful integration in both traditional
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China's first Mars explorer arrives at the red planet
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00361-z Tianwen-1 will help researchers to study the planet's geology and soil characteristics, and search for water and ice.
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Black carbon aerosols in Beijing become "slim"
Scientists observed evident decreases of black carbon aerosol (BC) loading in the atmosphere of urban Beijing since the implementation of China's Action Plan of Prevention and Control of Air Pollution in 2013. And the BC aerosols became "slim", appearing with smaller core sizes and less coatings.
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Where and when is economic decision-making represented in the brain?
Researchers at the University of Tsukuba report two areas of the monkey brain that represent expected value when making economic decisions. Analyses showed that neuronal activity in the VS and the cOFC provided stable representations of expected value, while other regions that are part of the reward network in the brain did not. State-space analysis revealed that the way expected value was represe
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Cell-selective nanotherapy prevents post-angioplasty restenosis, promotes artery healing
A micro-RNA nanotherapy specifically inhibits the growth of cardiovascular smooth muscle cells and infiltrating inflammatory cells that form atherosclerotic plaques, while sparing endothelial cells that need to regrow to heal the injured artery. The investigational nanoparticles have the potential to achieve the therapeutic effects of drug-eluding stents without the risk of thrombosis and neoarthe
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Texas Heart Institute develops breakthrough heart ablation evaluation system
The Texas Heart Institute (THI) has announced that a research team led by Dr. Mehdi Razavi, Director of Electrophysiology Clinical Research & Innovations, has developed a breakthrough new ex vivo benchtop system for evaluating the effects of ablation systems on excised tissues and assessing potential damage to collateral heart tissues. The unique system allows for fast and easy benchtop assessment
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International research team begins uncovering Arctic mystery
According to 25 international researchers who collaborated on a first-of-its-kind study, frozen land beneath rising sea levels currently traps 60 billion tons of methane and 560 billion tons of organic carbon. Little is known about the frozen sediment and soil — called submarine permafrost — even as it slowly thaws and releases methane and carbon that could have significant impacts on climate.
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Breastfeeding mothers produce COVID-19 antibodies capable of neutralizing virus
Breastfeeding women with COVID-19 do not pass along the SARS-CoV-2 virus in their milk but do transfer milk-borne antibodies that are able to neutralize the virus, a multi-institutional team of researchers led by the University of Idaho reported.
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A new perceptually consistent method for mass spectrometry imaging visualization
Skoltech scientists have proposed a Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MSI) method leveraging the unique features of human vision. The research was published in the journal Analytical Chemistry.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Author Correction: Pan-cancer circulating tumor DNA detection in over 10,000 Chinese patients
Nature Communications, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21285-2
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Professor: CRISPR skal holdes langt væk fra humane embryoner
Det er en ekstremt dårlig idé at forsøge at reparere på humane æg og embryoner med CRISPR-teknologi, viser ny forskning. Cellerne kan slet ikke reparere på de skader, som teknologien introducerer, påpeger Eva Hoffmann, professor i molekylær medicin.
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Researchers develop new tool for visualizing vulnerabilities in supply chains
The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically exposed the economic vulnerability of U.S. businesses, primarily because they are so interconnected: when one region experiences a labor shortage or supply interruption, adverse effects reverberate throughout the global economy. Researchers at Penn State and the Korea Rural Economic Institute have developed a model to help visualize the interconnectedness of busi
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Study underscores need for stimulus support to vulnerable groups
Workers who are most vulnerable to pandemic layoffs are more likely people of color, underscoring the need for stimulus funding in order to keep racial inequality from growing, according to a new University of Michigan study.
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Hyundai drømmer om gående biler: Robot skal både have fire ben og hjul
Terrængående robotter og biler er på hastig fremmarch. Sydkoreanske Hyundai tror, at kombinationen af fire ben og hjul er fremtiden. I Midtjylland satser flere robotvirksomheder på terrængående robotter.
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Biology News – Evolution, Cell theory, Gene theory, Microbiology, Biotechnology
Timing of phytoplankton blooms in the Red Sea could help determine next year's fish catch
Satellite images reveal that the timing of algal blooms in the Red Sea may affect the next haul of sardines and squid by commercial fisheries.
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Timing of phytoplankton blooms in the Red Sea could help determine next year's fish catch
Satellite images reveal that the timing of algal blooms in the Red Sea may affect the next haul of sardines and squid by commercial fisheries.
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Enhedslisten udnævner coronaordfører
Peder Hvelplund er udnævnt til coronaordfører i Enhedslisten, mens Pernille Skipper er ny ordfører for resten af sundhedsområdet, ældre og psykiatri.
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A color illusion that strongly induces color contrast effect has been found by a research team at the Toyohashi University of Technology. The powerful visual illusion clarified a century-old contradiction relating to simultaneous color contrast theory. The team demonstrated that the presence or absence of flanking contours formed from extremely thin white lines could be used to switch between cont
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Genetic markers show Pacific albacore intermingle across equator
Analyzing thousands of genetic markers in albacore tuna from the Pacific Ocean, researchers at Oregon State University have learned that just seven dozen of those markers are needed to determine which side of the equator a fish comes from.
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Depressed moms who breastfeed boost babies' mood, neuroprotection and mutual touch
Feeding method and affectionate touch patterns in depressed and non-depressed mothers and babies as well as infant's EEG activity showed that mother-infant affectionate touch differed as a function of mood and feeding method (breastfeeding and bottle-feeding). Infants in the depressed and bottle-fed group reduced touch toward their mothers while breastfeeding had a positive effect on both mother a
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New study identifies top-performing point-of-care COVID-19 tests
Researchers screen rapid-detection COVID-19 tests for clinical sensitivity/specificity, limit of detection and time to results.
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After COVID-19 hit, federal financial aid applications dropped sharply among first-year students
After the COVID-19 crisis hit last March, federal student aid applications among potential college freshmen in California dropped 14 percent between mid-March and mid-August, relative to prior years. While there were also initial declines in applications among current undergraduates and graduate students, these quickly recovered and ended 8 percent higher relative to prior years.
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Six previously FDA-approved drugs appear promising against SARS-CoV-2 in laboratory testing
A team of investigators from the Republic of China has discovered that six drugs previously approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for other indications could be repurposed to treat or prevent COVID-19. The research is published in Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, a journal of the American Society for Microbiology.
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Anden smittebølge slår igennem: Næsten hver tiende bloddonor har nu haft covid-19
PLUS. I oktober var det kun lidt over to procent af gruppen, som havde haft sygdommen. Tallene er sandsynligvis også beskrivende for danskerne generelt.
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Industrial compound gets eco-friendly reaction
Nagoya University scientists have developed a chemical reaction that produces high yields of a compound used in a wide variety of industries, without needing high temperatures or toxic catalysts. The approach offers a practical and sustainable solution for industrial (meth)acrylate (= acrylate or methacrylate) ester synthesis.
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Arizona economic burden of valley fever totals $736 million
Expenses for the fungal disease endemic to the Southwest can skyrocket for people whose diagnosis is delayed, leading to more serious infection or death.
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Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00336-0 The art of growing up.
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Spørg Fagfolket: Kunne Aalborg Portland ikke blive selvforsynende med en vindmøllepark?
PLUS. En læser funderer over, hvorvidt at cementfabrikken Aalborg Portland kunne skippe koks og kul og blive selvforsynende ved hjælp af vindmøllestrøm. Det ville blive ret dyrt, forsikrer vindmølleekspert.
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Smectite promotes probiotic biofilm formation in gut for cancer immunotherapy
Orally administrating probiotics is ineffective due to the poor inhabitation of exogenous bacteria in host intestines. Chinese scientists report that smectite, a type of mineral clay and classical anti-diarrhoea drug, can promote the expansion of probiotics in the murine gut that subsequently elicits anti-tumor immune responses. Their findings suggest a novel approach to specifically enrich probio
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-81911-3
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Biochemistry News – Chemistry News
Bioinspired strategies for the development of new drugs
MedUni Vienna researchers led by Christian Gruber from the Institute of Pharmacology, with international collaborators, have shown that it is possible to dimerize the human neuropeptides oxytocin and vasopressin without forfeiting much of their efficacy. The researchers were inspired by a naturally occurring locust neuropeptide in the form of a dimer of two vasopressin-like molecules. "By making s
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Bioinspired strategies for the development of new drugs
MedUni Vienna researchers led by Christian Gruber from the Institute of Pharmacology, with international collaborators, have shown that it is possible to dimerize the human neuropeptides oxytocin and vasopressin without forfeiting much of their efficacy. The researchers were inspired by a naturally occurring locust neuropeptide in the form of a dimer of two vasopressin-like molecules. "By making s
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Technological ray of hope for the snowboard scene
The first boards for gliding over snow existed as early as 1900, but it was not until 1963 that American surfers brought the feeling of surfing to the snow and developed the original snowboard—the so-called snurfer. A few years later, the snowboard drew the interest of the winter sports industry, and since 1998, snowboarding has been recognized as an Olympic sport.
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Lockdown critics are sure the costs outweigh the health benefits, but they're wrong
As the UK reports its worst excess deaths since the second world war and the NHS is stretched to breaking point, critics of lockdowns have largely gone quiet. Despite this, previous experience shows that we're never far from an anti-lockdown backbench rebellion, mainstream opinion piece, open letter or polemic on the Lockdown Skeptics website.
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Method sculpts bone replicas in a petri dish
Researchers report creating the exact replica of a bone using their system that pairs biothermal imaging with a heated "nano-chisel." This method opens up unprecedented possibilities for pioneering new stem cell studies and biomedical applications. A holy grail for orthopedic research is a method for not only creating artificial bone tissue that precisely matches the real thing, but also does so
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Researcher studies impact of 3-D-printed models on student learning
"While Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education is essential in the high school curriculum, it often carries a reputation of being formidable and overwhelming," Julia Monkovic, a senior majoring in Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, says.
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Virtual post-sepsis recovery program may also help recovering COVID-19 patients
A new paper published online in the Annals of the American Thoracic Society describes a 'virtual' recovery program for sepsis patients that may also help post-COVID-19 patients and survivors of other serious illnesses.
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A Race Against Vaccine Hesitancy
The vaccine program is in a race against the emergence of new strains of the virus. Vaccine hesitancy may be the margin of victory or failure. The post first appeared on Science-Based Medicine .
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Biochemistry News – Chemistry News
The AI-driven initiative that's hastening the discovery of drugs to treat COVID-19
A novel pipeline of AI and simulation tools may make the process of screening drug candidates for COVID-19 50,000 times faster.
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Sharing images of romantic gifts on social media
Valentine's Day brings images of flowers, chocolates and gifts in all shapes and sizes from the ones we love. And today's social norms encourage many of us to share our happiness (and images of our gifts) on social media. But how much does our personal and cultural identity play a role in how comfortable we are sharing these gifts with the world?
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The AI-driven initiative that's hastening the discovery of drugs to treat COVID-19
A novel pipeline of AI and simulation tools may make the process of screening drug candidates for COVID-19 50,000 times faster.
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Study proves strong link between political bias and social tie formation on Twitter
Twitter users are three times more likely to follow back the accounts of strangers if they share the same political views, according to a new study that sheds light on the phenomenon of "echo chambers" on social media.
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Ny lægepraksis rykker til udsat boligområde i København
Københavns Kommune har ageret Kirsten Giftekniv og fået en ny læge til boligområdet Tingbjerg, som tidligere har kæmpet med lægemangel.
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Ny aftale: Plejepersonale og praktiserende læger kan nu mødes på video
Personalet på landets plejehjem kan fremover mødes med beboernes praktiserende læge på video, når der skal følges op på behandling, justeres på medicindosering eller når en borger udskrives fra hospitalet.
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Dansk hjerneforskning i Aarhus modtager bevilling på 75 mio. kr.
Lundbeckfonden har besluttet at give 75 mio. kr. til hjerneforskningscentret DANDRITE på Aarhus Universitet. Pengene skal bruges til at hente skarpe hjerner til landet og skabe et neurovidenskabeligt miljø, der kan afdække ny viden.
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DSB-leverandører anker dom for snyd med IC3-dele
PLUS. Efter syv års retssag dømte Sø- og Handelsretten kort efter nytår den tyske motorproducent Deutz og virksomhedens danske forhandler, Diesel Motor Nordic, for at have snydt DSB og en konkurrerende dansk leverandør i 2010. Nu har virksomhederne anket dommen.
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Brugere sagsøger Facebook for Cambridge Analytica-skandalen
To et halvt år efter Cambridge Analytica-skandalen sagsøges Facebook nu af brugere, som vil have individuel kompensation, efter tech-giganten »mistede kontrol med data«.
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mRNA vaccine-elicited antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and circulating variants
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03324-6
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The broken promise that undermines human genome research
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00331-5 Data sharing was a core principle that led to the success of the Human Genome Project 20 years ago. Now scientists are struggling to keep information free.
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Daily briefing: Games to play with fellow researchers
Nature, Published online: 09 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00374-8 Collaborative online games to help with social-distancing blues. Plus, hundreds of 'predatory' journals indexed on Scopus and a call to invest now in variant-proof vaccines.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Reincarnations of the phase separation problem
Nature Communications, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-020-20360-4 Phase separation is familiar and useful, yet opportunities to manipulate it are surprisingly subtle and complex.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21083-w The synthesis of regio- and stereo-defined alkenes with multiple alkyl substituents is an unmet challenge. Here, the authors report a nickel-catalyzed intermolecular cross-dialkylation of alkynes devoid of directing or activating groups to afford multiple aliphatic substituted alkenes in a syn-selective fash
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Lighting up solid states using a rubber
Nature Communications, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21253-w Changes in molecular properties due to stimuli response are critically important for the development of new materials. However, most processes are slow or inefficient in the solid state. Here the authors demonstrate property switching in the solid state using a rubbing-induced tautomerism in multiple hydroge
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Divergent rhodium-catalyzed electrochemical vinylic C–H annulation of acrylamides with alkynes
Nature Communications, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21190-8 α-Pyridones and α-pyrones are ubiquitous structural motifs found in natural products and components of biologically active small molecules. Here, the authors report an oxidant-free Rh-catalyzed electrochemical divergent vinylic C–H annulation of acrylamides with alkynes to α-pyridones and cyclic imidates.
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21242-z ORAI3 is part of pore forming calcium channels involved in T cell activation. Here the authors show that there is increased expression of ORAI3 in T cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and that the transcription factor IKAROS negatively regulates the ORAI3 promoter, indicating a regulatory loop tha
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21035-4 Caveolae are spherical nanodomains of the plasma membrane generated by assembly of caveolin and cavin proteins. Here, the authors show that fuzzy electrostatic interactions between caveolin-1 and Cavin1 proteins, combined with membrane lipid interactions, are required to generate membrane curvature and a met
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Nature Communications – current – nature.com science feeds
Nature Communications, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21217-0 Long noncoding RNAs regulate tissue-specific gene expression. Here the authors profile lineage-specific lncRNAs in human dermal lymphatic and blood vascular endothelial cells (LECs and BECs) and show a role of LEC-specific lncRNA, LETR1, in cell proliferation and migration.
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83000-x
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Pooled testing with replication as a mass testing strategy for the COVID-19 pandemics
Scientific Reports, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83104-4
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Protein complex formation in methionine chain-elongation and leucine biosynthesis
Scientific Reports, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-82790-4
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83130-2
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-82767-3
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83034-1
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Scientific Reports, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-82798-w
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Scientific Reports – nature.com science feeds
Categorizing SHR and WKY rats by chi2 algorithm and decision tree
Scientific Reports, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41598-021-82864-3
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A new way to look for life-sustaining planets
A new system for mid-infrared exoplanet imaging in combination with long observation time allows ground-based telescopes to directly capture images of planets about three times the size of Earth within the habitable zones of nearby stars.
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How messenger substances influence individual decision-making
A research team of psychologists and physicists from Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf (HHU) and Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg investigated the neurobiological processes in different types of decision-making. In the journal Nature Communications , they report that variations in the ratio of two messenger substances affects short-term and long-term strategic decisions in a different man
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The chemistry lab inside cells
Osaka University scientists describe a novel protein that spurs the post-translational modifications of the amino acid tryptophan to create an enzyme cofactor. This work may lead to the creation of new biological catalysts.
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Discovery of a new law of phase separation
Researchers at The University of Tokyo show that the dynamics of spontaneous phase separations forming network structures can be controlled by the slow dynamics in the networks formed. This work may lead to cheaper and more powerful rechargeable batteries.
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Lipid epoxides target pain, inflammatory pathways in neurons
When modified using a process known as epoxidation, two naturally occurring lipids are converted into potent agents that target multiple cannabinoid receptors in neurons, interrupting pathways that promote pain and inflammation, researchers report. These modified compounds, called epo-NA5HT and epo-NADA, have much more powerful effects than the molecules from which they are derived, which also reg
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Why Black men's prostate cancer may be more responsive to immunotherapy
Black men die more often of prostate cancer yet have greater survival benefits from immunotherapy treatment. A new study discovered the reason appears to be an increase of a surprising type of immune cell in the tumor. The findings could lead to immune-based precision medicine treatment for men of all races with localized aggressive and advanced prostate cancer.
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Obesity contributes to up to half of new diabetes cases annually in the United States
Obesity is linked to 30-53% of new diabetes cases in the U.S. yearly. Obesity has remained a major driver of diabetes for the last two decades. Obesity-related diabetes varies by gender and race/ethnicity, and the greatest impact is among non-Hispanic white females.
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Nordjysk lægevagt indfører tidsbestilling
Borgere i Region Nordjylland kan nu bestille en tid hos vagtlægen. Det skulle gerne give kortere ventetid, lyder det fra den ansvarlige vagtchef. Andre regioner har haft et lignende system på plads i årevis.
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Coronavirus in 3D, mutation origins and India invests in virology
Nature, Published online: 10 February 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-00330-6 The latest science news, in brief.
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Eksperter: »Det er bedre at blive vaccineret med den her end slet ikke at blive vaccineret«
PLUS. Eksperter er uforstående over for, at man hellere lader risikogrupper vente end at give dem Oxford-vaccinen nu og her.
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Nyheder – Forskning – Videnskab
Olivia skaber værdi for et af verdens største rådgivningshuse
Antropologistuderende Olivia skriver sit speciale i samarbejde med PwC, et af verdens største revisions-,…
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Global stocks reach new all-time high as Covid recovery hopes rise
Strong Asia trading lifts FTSE's global index but Europe is broadly flat
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Student Doctor Explains How Marijuana Affects The Developing Teenage Brain
submitted by /u/redditBlueSpecs [link] [comments]
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Do Goedel's Incompleteness Theorems show that the mathematical mind cannot be mechanized?
submitted by /u/RealisticOption [link] [comments]
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What is the undisputed right thing to do?
(Please forgive me if you feel I'm asking an already settled question/I've acquired wrong information) So recently I learnt that the categorical values we feel are not 'sacred' values we inherit from birth, but it's rather something built throughout the process of 'cause&effect' analysis taking place in our brain. This means those categorical values may not be so valid after all, as it is just ba
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